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Topic: Elections in Madagascar

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	Elections in Madagascar
		Candidates, political parties, observers, and especially the electorate must have confidence that the election will be resolved fairly and according to law and that the results reflect the will of the Malagasy people and the process of democratic transition.
		Now that the election outcome is in the hands of the High Constitutional Court, the United States hopes the Court will come to a speedy conclusion.
		We are certain that the democratic traditions of Madagascar will prevail and the High Constitutional Court will decide these elections on the basis of the Constitution and laws of Madagascar and international standards for democratic elections.
	www.whitehouse.gov /news/releases/2002/01/20020114-7.html (200 words)

	Madagascar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Madagascar developed a recovery plan in collaboration with the private sector and donors and presented it at a "Friends of Madagascar" conference organized by the World Bank in Paris in July 2002.
		Madagascar's sources of growth are tourism; textile and light manufacturing exports (notably through the EPZs); agricultural products (the country is the world's leading producer of vanilla, accounting for about half the world's export market); and mining.
		Madagascar, which has historically been perceived as on the margin of mainstream African affairs, eagerly rejoined the African Union in July 2003 after a 14-month hiatus triggered by the 2002 political crisis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Madagascar (3540 words)

	Politics of Madagascar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The principal institutions of the Republic of Madagascar are a presidency, a parliament (National Assembly and Senate), a prime ministry and cabinet, and an independent judiciary.
		A runoff election was held in February 1993, and active forces leader Albert Zafy defeated Ratsiraka.
		A nationwide legislative election was held in June 1993 to elect a new National Assembly, which, under the new constitution, exercises legislative initiative along with the Prime Minister, whom it elects.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Politics_of_Madagascar (1104 words)

	Elections in Madagascar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Elections in Madagascar gives information on election and election results in Madagascar.
		Madagascar elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature.
		Madagascar has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elections_in_Madagascar (152 words)

	Political Change in Madagascar: Populist Democracy or Neopatrimonialism by Another Name? - Paper No 89, August 2004
		In the case of Madagascar, no leader has had as much influence on the nature of the political system, or its dynamics, as the anti-colonial uprising of 1947, the military’s dissolution of the First Republic in 1972, the strikes of 1991, or the populist support for “democracy” that Balkanised the country in 2002.
		Multiparty presidential elections were held on 10 February 1993 and Zafy Albert emerged victorious with 66.74 percent of the vote to Ratsiraka’s 33.26 percent.
		Madagascar’s institutional structure is based on its 1992 constitution, and the delegation of powers roughly follows the French system.
	www.iss.co.za /pubs/papers/89/Paper89.htm (14185 words)

	Madagascar
		The December 15 legislative elections, which international observers judged as generally free and fair, resulted in a substantial majority (124 of 156 deputies) for the TIM (102) and the pro-Ravalomanana National Alliance (22) in the new National Assembly.
		Madagascar was invited by the Community of Democracies' (CD) Convening Group to attend the November 2002 second CD Ministerial Meeting in Seoul, Republic of Korea, as an observer.
		Elections are scheduled to be held in early 2003 in the four districts in which the HCC voided the December 15 results.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2002/18212.htm (7912 words)

	Encyclopedia: Politics of Madagascar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Data code: MA Government type: republic In a broad definition a republic is a state or country that is led by people who do not base their political power on any principle beyond the control of the people living in that state or country.
		Capital: Antananarivo Antananarivo, population 802,000 (1997), is the capital of Madagascar, in Antananarivo province.
		Administrative divisions: 6 provinces (faritany); Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara Antananarivo, population 802,000 (1997), is the capital of Madagascar, in Antananarivo province.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Politics-of-Madagascar (2689 words)

	Background Notes Archive - Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		According to the new constitution, the principal institutions of the Republic of Madagascar are a presidency, a parliament (National Assembly and Senate), a prime ministry and government, and an independent judiciary.
		FOREIGN RELATIONS Madagascar historically has remained outside the mainstream of African affairs, although it is an active member of the Organization of African Unity and the Non-Aligned Movement.
		In 1990, Madagascar was designated as a priority aid recipient, and assistance increased from $15 million in 1989 to $40 million in 1993.
	dosfan.lib.uic.edu /ERC/bgnotes/af/madagascar9404.html (3098 words)

	CNN.com - New riots over Madagascar poll result - January 7, 2002
		Between 5,000 and 10,000 protesters took to the streets on Friday to accuse the government of falsifying the results and demand Ravalomanana be declared outright winner.
		Madagascar is expected to hold a second round of voting after provisional results showed no candidate had won an absolute majority in presidential elections held on the Indian Ocean island on December 16.
		Ravalomanana, a self-made dairy millionaire who began his career hawking yoghurts, emerged from political obscurity to win election as mayor of the capital in 1999 and has promised to raise living standards on the island of 15 million people, one of the poorest countries in the world.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/africa/01/07/madagascar.riots/index.html (399 words)

	The World Factbook 2004 -- Field Listing - Background
		International observers judged local elections in 2001 to be acceptable and a step toward democratic development, but identified serious deficiencies which should be addressed through reforms in the Albanian electoral code.
		Free and peaceful elections in 1999 resulted in a government led by an Indo-Fijian, but a coup in May of 2000 ushered in a prolonged period of political turmoil.
		Democratic elections in 1974 and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy; Greece joined the European Community or EC in 1981 (which became the EU in 1992).
	www.brainyatlas.com /fields/2028.html (15472 words)

	Madagascar
		The Dec. 2001 presidential election between incumbent president Didier Ratsiraka and Marc Ravalomanana, the mayor of Antananarivo, proved inconclusive and a run-off vote was scheduled.
		Madagascar: Economy - Economy The economy of Madagascar is overwhelmingly agricultural, largely of a subsistence type;...
		Prickly pear cactus and pastoralism in Southwest Madagascar.
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0107743.html (737 words)

	Madagascar: History
		Madagascar's political and economic upheaval prompted the government to establish a multiparty system and move toward the privatization of industry in the 1990s.
		In a free presidential election held in 1993, Zafy overwhelmingly defeated Ratsiraka.
		In elections later that year, Ratsiraka came back to defeat Zafy, promising a program of humanistic and ecological development; he also announced plans for a referendum to revise the constitution.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0859413.html (1370 words)

	USAID CP FY97 - Madagascar
		Madagascar, the world's fourth largest island with a population of 13.25 million, is a paradox of poverty and promise.
		Four free-and-fair elections later, Madagascar has an invigorated civil society and an improved human rights record, but the institutions and traditions of a democratic market economy, such as an independent judiciary and rule of law, are in their infancy.
		The primary threat to long-term economic growth in Madagascar is the persistence of traditional, extensive agricultural and land management practices which are inappropriate in the face of increasing population pressure on the land.
	www.usaid.gov /pubs/cp97/countries/mg.htm (5006 words)

	Is it Democracy or Democrazy for Africa? - Reflections on Elections in Zimbabwe, Congo and Madagascar
		Lissouba and Kolelas were barred from the presidential election by a new constitutional clause that stipulated continuous residence of two years in the country for presidential candidates before the elections.
		The general ambivalence on the part of the international community with regard to the presidential elections in Madagascar, Zimbabwe and the Republic of Congo is mind-boggling.
		Impartiality, the most important quality of an election monitor, has suffered irreparable damage with Schori’s revelations that the elections had been unfair and distorted although he was not in the country when they were held.
	www.theperspective.org /democrazy.html (3087 words)

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		The much-anticipated legislative elections are expected to legitimise Marc Ravalomanana's presidency and pave the way for further economic reconstruction.
		The election is in line with demands by the international community and the African Union (AU) that fresh polls be held before the end of the year.
		Although 40 parties are vying for 160 seats in the Malagasy National Assembly, analysts predict the elections would probably develop into a power struggle between Ravalomanana's newly founded party Tiako i Madagasikara (I love Madagascar), and the traditional ruling AREMA party.
	www.irinnews.org /report.asp?ReportID=31274 (666 words)

	Madagascar
		Madagascar's second-highest mountain, Tsiafajovona, may be seen to the west of the road from Antananarivo.
		Social conventions: Visitors to Madagascar remark on the welcoming nature of the people, though some unprepared Westerners may be irritated by their relaxed attitude to time (public forms of transport, for example, will not generally move until they're full - no matter how long it takes to fill the last seat).
		Madagascar has undergone steady economic growth during the 1980s and 1990s despite setbacks such as the cyclones which inflicted much damage on agriculture.
	www.air-2000.com /madagasc.htm (4591 words)

	Elections in Madagascar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Madagascar ( Malagasy : Madagasikara - French : Madagascar) is a country in Southern Africa.
		Madagascar has a population of around 17 million on 581,540 km².
		Freedom House rated the country on political rights with a 3 and on civil rights with a 4, both on a scale of 1 to 7 (in which 1 is the most free).
	www.electionworld.org /madagascar.htm (423 words)

	Madagascar (07/05)
		Madagascar maintains an embassy in the United States at 2374 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 (tel.
		A period of significant stagnation from 1991-96 was followed by 5 years of solid economic growth and accelerating foreign investment, driven by a second wave of privatizations and EPZ development.
		President Ravalomanana rose to prominence through his agro-foods TIKO company, and is known for attempting to apply many of the lessons learned in the world of business to running the government.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/5460.htm (3334 words)

	CNN.com - New riots over Madagascar poll result - January 7, 2002
		Between 5,000 and 10,000 protesters took to the streets on Friday to accuse the government of falsifying the results and demand Ravalomanana be declared outright winner.
		Madagascar is expected to hold a second round of voting after provisional results showed no candidate had won an absolute majority in presidential elections held on the Indian Ocean island on December 16.
		Ravalomanana, a self-made dairy millionaire who began his career hawking yoghurts, emerged from political obscurity to win election as mayor of the capital in 1999 and has promised to raise living standards on the island of 15 million people, one of the poorest countries in the world.
	www.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/africa/01/07/madagascar.riots/index.html (399 words)

	OneWorld.ca / In Depth / Africa / Eastern Africa / Madagascar - Full Coverage: Madagascar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Almost 200,000 people in southern Madagascar are facing serious food shortages as a result of severe drought and the aftershocks of a recent political crisis, the World Food Programme said yesterday.
		Madagascan elections, requested by donor governments as a condition for the resumption of financial aid after a seven-month political crisis, will be held on 15 December, the government announced yesterday.
		A build-up of soldiers in two of Madagascar's provincial towns was reported as President Marc Ravalomanana reiterated his intention to take military action if the blockade of the capital was not dismantled within four days.
	www.oneworld.ca /article/country/450/0 (1014 words)

	African leaders at OAU summit call for new elections in Madagascar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia - African leaders attending a special summit Saturday on the Madagascar crisis called for new elections in the troubled island nation and a neutral transitional government to rule the country until the dispute can be resolved.
		Madagascar's former President Didier Ratsiraka attended the summit, but his rival Marc Ravalomanana stayed away and instead sent a representative.
		Madagascar is an impoverished Indian Ocean island nation of 16 million people off the east coast of southern Africa.
	www.madagasikara.de /NEWSJuni-2/020622ap.html (314 words)

	mad006 Madagascar prepares for presidential elections
		Home Secretary Jean-Jacques Rasolondraibe, responsible minister for conducting the elections, earlier assured the press the December elections would be held in an atmosphere of transparency.
		Elections on Madagascar traditionally have been relatively free, fair and non-violent.
		Last communal elections, in 1999, were however criticised for being "poorly organised and fraudulent".
	www.afrol.com /News2001/mad006_elections.htm (554 words)

	OAU Calls for Fresh Elections in Madagascar
		ADDIS ABABA (Reuters 22.06.2002) - African leaders on Friday called for fresh elections in Madagascar to resolve an increasingly violent leadership crisis, but one of the two rival claimants to the presidency rejected their proposals.
		The communique said the OAU had decided to leave Madagascar's seat at the organization vacant until the crisis was resolved.
		Ratsiraka refused to accept the court ruling on the election outcome, saying he was rightful president of the island of 16 million people.
	www.madagasikara.de /NEWSJuni-2/020622reuters.html (497 words)

	Psephos - Adam Carr's Election Archive
		A comprehensive archive of federal elections statistics since 1901, and state and territory statistics since 1990.
		2000 and 2006 presidential elections; 2000, 2003 and 2006 legislative elections
		2001, 2002 and 2006 legislative elections; 2002 and 2003 presidential elections
	psephos.adam-carr.net /indexes/index_m.shtml (72 words)

	The Danish EU Presidency - eu2002.dk - Declaration by the Presidency on behalf of the European Union on the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Danish EU Presidency - eu2002.dk - Declaration by the Presidency on behalf of the European Union on the parliamentary elections in Madagascar
		Declaration by the Presidency on behalf of the European Union on the parliamentary elections in Madagascar
		The European Union welcomes the fact that the parliamentary elections in Madagascar passed off calmly on Sunday 15 December 2002 after a campaign free of violent incident.
	www.eu2002.dk /news/news_read.asp?iInformationID=26247 (184 words)

	Incumbent expected to win presidential elections in Madagascar - Africa
		Antananarivo, Madagascar - Six million out of the east African island of Madagascar's 18 million residents are to go to the polls Sunday to elect a new president.
		Some 149 election monitors are among the 14,000 people helping to ensure that the election proceeds smoothly.
		Madagascar's incumbent leading in capital as first results come in
	news.monstersandcritics.com /africa/news/article_1228933.php/Incumbent_expected_to_win_presidential_elections_in_Madagascar (175 words)

	OneWorld.net / In depth / Africa / East Africa / Madagascar - Full Coverage: Madagascar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		10.03.2004 Officials in Madagascar have had no word of a ferry carrying 113 passengers and crew since a cyclone ripped across the Indian Ocean island, killing at least 11 and leaving tens of thousands homeless.
		05.11.2002 Almost 200,000 people in southern Madagascar are facing serious food shortages as a result of severe drought and the aftershocks of a recent political crisis, the World Food Programme said yesterday.
		10.10.2002 Madagascan elections, requested by donor governments as a condition for the resumption of financial aid after a seven-month political crisis, will be held on 15 December, the government announced yesterday.
	www.oneworld.net /article/country/450 (1036 words)

	Press Releases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Madagascar vise à soutenir le travail du Consortium et de ses entités membres à l'observation des prochaines élections présidentielles afin d'instaurer des élections justes, démocratiques et crédibles.
		Dans son intervention au cours de la cérémonie de signature, M. Phillip Carter a insisté sur la neutralité des Etats-Unis vis-à-vis des prochaines elections présidentielles à Madagascar.
		En outre, il a réitéré l'engagement des Etats-Unis à soutenir la démocratie à Madagascar à travers des élections libres, justes et transparentes en citant le proverbe malgache: "Tao-trano tsy efan'irery"(La construction d'une maison ne se fait pas tout seul).
	www.usmission.mg /signature.html (179 words)

	ambassade de Madagascar au Canada
		H.E. Rakotoarisoa FLORENT, Ambassador Designate of Madagascar to Canada, arrived in Ottawa on December 13, 2002, with his family.
		The Canadian Government has agreed to disburse nearly 500, 000 CAD $ as a Canadian contribution in the organisation of the legislative elections in Madagascar to be held on December 15, 2002.
		The Malagasy Governement has ordered this ballot boxes from CODE Inc, a Canadian company at the prospect of these elections.
	www.madagascar-embassy.ca /contentang/flash_infos_eng.htm (99 words)

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