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Topic: Elections in Peru

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	General Elections 2001 / g c i 275
		In 2000, general elections were considered tainted because of President Alberto Fujimori's control over the government apparatus and outright vote tampering.
		Alejandro Toledo of Peru Posible is the frontrunner, at least with a week remaining in the campaign, but it is far closer than anyone expected.
		Election Results from 1931 to the present are available on line for presidential, congressional, municipal and other races with breakdowns by department.
	www.gci275.com /peru/election2001.shtml (1232 words)

	Peru (04/05)
		Peru's distinct geographical regions are mirrored in a socioeconomic divide between the coast's mestizo-Hispanic culture and the more diverse, traditional Andean cultures of the mountains and highlands.
		Following a clash between Peru and Ecuador in 1941, the Rio Protocol--of which the United States is one of four guarantors (along with Argentina, Brazil and Chile)--sought to establish the boundary between the two countries.
		Peru is the world’s second-largest producer of silver, sixth-largest producer of gold and copper, and a significant source of the world’s zinc and lead.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/35762.htm (4295 words)

	Peru - The Electoral System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Elections of regional governments were held in conjunction with either the December 1989 municipal or April 1990 national elections.
		Despite terrorist threats in the 1990 presidential elections, voter turnout was higher than in 1985, with the exception of some emergency zones in the southern Sierra, where the abstention rate was as high as 40 percent.
		Although there was no doubt that the SL failed to jeopardize the 1990 elections, it managed to pose a significant threat to the process, particularly in remote rural areas.
	www.countrystudies.us /peru/77.htm (362 words)

	Document/Essai - Stéphanie Rousseau and François Meloche - Gold and Land: Democratic Development at Stake. Report of ...
		Peru is one of the largest mining producers in the world, the second largest producer of silver, the third largest producer of zinc and the fifth largest producer of copper.
		The Tambogrande district, with a population of approximately 70,000, is situated in the department of Piura in northern Peru.
		Peru is currently involved in a national and legislative debate on the issue of decentralization, a priority for the government and a large majority of social and political stakeholders.
	www.ichrdd.ca /english/commdoc/publications/demDev/tambograndeReportEng.html (9472 words)

	Peru - The Left (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Despite its relative strength at the grassroots level, the left was unable to unite behind one political front in the 1980 elections, and it contested the elections as nine separate political factions.
		Shortly after the 1981 elections, the majority of the factions of the Socialist, Marxist, and Maoist left (with the obvious exception of the SL, which had gone underground in the early 1970s), formed the United Left (IU) coalition.
		In the 1990 elections, the left had its poorest showing since the formation of the IU, with the ASI and IU together garnering less than 12 percent of the vote.
	www.countrystudies.us /peru/82.htm (423 words)

	[04-14-00] Andres T. Tapia, In Peru's Elections The Race Card May Be The Trump Card
		Dangerous anger at the conduct of presidential elections in Peru -- which included premarked ballots, ballots with the opposition candidate's name cut off or covered with wax, etc. -- was calmed by announcement of a runoff election between the two leading candidates.
		This has kept Peru vulnerable to revolution -- guerrilla movements of the 1960s and later and even the leftist military dictatorship in the 1970s justified their actions in terms of the plight of the Indian.
		Peru's unspoken racial politics express themselves in the way parties position themselves as the legitimate expression of what it means to be Peruvian.
	www.pacificnews.org /jinn/stories/6.07/000414-peru.html (899 words)

	Political Darwinism in the Lost Decade
		Peru presents perhaps the most extreme case, in which Fujimori's Cambio 90/Nueva Mayoría reacted against the legacies of the previous AP and APRA governments by trying not to be a party at all.
		Peru is a clear-cut case of a change in the nature of parties due to replacement rather than adaptation.
		The major party in Peru after 1990 was Cambio 90/Nueva Mayoría, the personalist vehicle of Alberto Fujimori, which controlled 67 of the 120 seats in congress as a result of the 1995 election.
	www.nd.edu /~mcoppedg/crd/ifdssept.htm (11423 words)

	Peru Can Give U.S. Lessons in How to Hold Elections
		We at the Carter Center have monitored nearly three dozen elections around the world, and we recently partnered with the National Democratic Institute to monitor presidential and parliamentary elections in Peru.
		Peru's voter registration system, for example, is far superior to ours,which is seriously flawed and offers the opportunity for illegal voting.
		Elections are held on Sundays, and every citizen is required to vote.(There is a fine of $35 for those who fail to do so without good reason, and they cannot cash a check until the fine is paid.)
	www.cartercenter.org /doc140.htm (783 words)

	Elections in Peru: Democracy at Risk (Human Rights Watch Press release, May 31, 2000)
		Peru has just concluded a presidential election with a single candidate, which was plagued by irregularities.
		Before concluding that the Peruvian elections could not be salvaged and withdrawing his observers, the head of the OAS electoral observation mission, Mr.
		A fraudulent election aimed at perpetuating the mandate of a sitting head of state, in our view, is tantamount to "a sudden or irregular interruption of the democratic political institutional process." Resolution 1080 is more than an exhortation for the solidarity of member states to pre-empt or respond to military coups.
	www.hrw.org /press/2000/05/oas0531.htm (1540 words)

	Online NewsHour: Elections in Peru- May 29, 2000
		The vote was supposed to be a runoff between Alberto Fujimori, the two-term incumbent president, and challenger Alejandro Toledo, a U.S.-trained economist.
		VLADIMIR KOCERHA, Gestion Newspapers, Peru: Yes, I believe there's going to be a continuous upheaval -- not only what we saw or what happened in Lima last night, but there were about eight other cities in the interior of the country that were also under turmoil.
		But it's Resolution 43, which warns Peru before the elections that if the elections are not deemed free and fair, that the U.S. Government will change, will modify its relationships with Peru in a political, economic and military spheres, and even with those warnings, President Fujimori went ahead and did what he did.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/latin_america/jan-june00/peru_5-29.html (2362 words)

	[11-10-00] Election Deja Vu -- Haven't I Seen This In Peru?
		Election snafus in Florida have outraged segments of the electorate who feel disenfranchised.
		In Peru we have been conditioned by our on-again, off-again democracy and a couple dozen short-lived constitutions to not rely on democracy as a given.
		In Peru, with the military always lurking as the shadow power and with multiple viable political parties with diametrically opposing ideologies, everything seemed to be at stake at every election.
	www.pacificnews.org /jinn/stories/6.22/001110-election.html (805 words)

	Online NewsHour: Stepping Down -- September 18, 2000
		He was under a lot of pressure at the time of the elections, and widespread international pressure and discontent with how the electoral process ran.
		Here was a man whose legacy was saving Peru, integrating Peru into the international economy, and here he was seen to be ruining his own legacy by undermining the legitimacy of his own government.
		Peru has been until now an island of relative political stability, continued economic growth and economic progress, and a country that's willing to cooperate with the U.S. So I think the approach towards Fujimori has been public criticism, but not as much willingness to take concrete action, precisely for those reasons.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/latin_america/july-dec00/peru_9-18.html (1863 words)

	CommonBorders - Peru 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Peru's national elections of April 2000 saw president Alberto Fujimori win an unprecedented and, according to Transparencia, an "unconstitutional third term as president."
		The elections were monitored by a number of international observer delegations including the Organization of American States, the National Democratic Institute of the United States, the International Federation of Human Rights and the International Electoral Reform Service.
		As a result of these developments, Peru has undertaken steps to reform its constitution and the nation's electoral institutions and processes in preparation for national elections to be held on April 8th of this year.
	www.commonborders.org /peru2001.htm (235 words)

	Prospects for Free and Fair Elections in Peru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Election day may not be free of imperfections, of course, but it will be important to distinguish between the kind of intentional fraud and intimidation that arose last year and the type of incidental mistakes that can arise in any large election.
		Peru's political environment has fundamentally improved since last year's election period, as a result of the collapse of the Fujimori administration and the actions taken by the Paniagua administration and the Peruvian congress since late November 2000.
		Peru is a country where voting is mandatory for all citizens between the ages of 18 and 70 (with certain exceptions, for example, excluding the military and the police from voting).
	commdocs.house.gov /committees/intlrel/hfa71255.000/hfa71255_0.htm (16596 words)

	The Flat Hat - News
		Last week, Peru's President Alberto Fujimori announced that he would call for new elections, ending his 10-year-old resime.
		Toledo forced a runoff election when Fujimori just missed the 50 percent majority needed to declare victory after the first round of balloting.
		However, the election became infamous for alleged vote-rigging and electoral fraud.
	flathat.wm.edu /September292000/newsstory6.html (446 words)

	Peru: Call for Fujimori Exit (Human Rights Watch News - 19 September 2000)
		The Peruvian president's decision was announced shortly after it was revealed that intelligence chief Vladimiro Montesinos had bribed an opposition congressman.
		Given his record of misrule and the tainted nature of his administration, Fujimori should not remain in power another day -- much less oversee elections." The bribery scandal came in the wake of one of the most widely questioned elections the region has seen for decades.
		Furthermore, the credibility of future elections would depend on restoring public confidence in Peru's electoral bodies and on measures to strengthen freedom of the press.
	www.freelori.org /news/00sep19_hrwnews.html (417 words)

	OAS Observes Elections in Ecuador, Peru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The OAS sent international teams of observers to monitor recent general elections in Ecuador and regional and municipal elections in Peru, at the invitation of those countries' governments.
		In Peru, voters cast ballots on November 17 to elect more than 12,000 authorities at the municipal level and nearly 300 at the regional level.
		This was the third year in a row that the OAS had observed elections in Peru.
	www.oas.org /oasnews/2002/English/Nov-Dec/art9.html (384 words)

	Peace Corps Online \| September 20, 2003: Headlines: COS - Peru: Cambodia: NGO's: Elections: Election2004 - Kerry: ...
		September 20, 2003: Headlines: COS - Peru: Cambodia: NGO's: Elections: Election2004 - Kerry: Election2004 - McAuliff: Politics: Kingdom of Cambodia: Peru RPCV John McAuliff, Executive Director of the Fund for Reconciliation and Development, hosts reception for Her Excellency Mme.
		Peru RPCV John McAuliff, Executive Director of the Fund for Reconciliation and Development, hosts reception for Her Excellency Mme.
		RPCV Carl Pope says the key to winning this election is not swaying undecided voters, but persuading those already willing to vote for your candidate to actually go to the polls.
	peacecorpsonline.org /messages/messages/467/2024225.html (1776 words)

	Elections in Peru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Peru (Spanish: Perú - Quechua: Piruw) is a country in South America.
		Peru has a population of around 29 million on 1,2805,220 km².
		Freedom House rated the country on political rights with a 2 and on civil rights with a 3, both on a scale of 1 to 7 (in which 1 is the most free).
	www.electionworld.org /peru.htm (320 words)

	human rights watch \| peru's political crisis
		President Alberto Fujimori (who on September 16 called for new elections in Peru and announced that he would not present himself as a candidate) should stand down immediately in favor of a caretaker president who can enjoy the confidence of all political sectors.
		On July 28, Peru's independence day, President Alberto Fujimori Fujimori was sworn in for his third consecutive term of office, after one of the most seriously questioned elections the continent has seen in recent years.
		By such accusations, Fujimori hopes to drive a wedge between the movement led by Toledo, and more "moderate" sectors of the opposition who are already cooperating with the new government (as the marchers gathered in Lima, Fujimori appointed former opposition leader Federico Salas as his new prime minister).
	www.hrw.org /campaigns/peru (1045 words)

	Peru 11.428
		On March 16, 1995, the Permanent Mission of Peru to the OAS forwarded to the Commission a copy of the text of Resolution No. 149-95 from the National Elections Board, by which it declared that the petition lodged by Mrs.
		According to the petitioner, none of the Constitutions of Peru, including the Constitutions of 1823, 1826, 1828, 1839, 1856, 1860, 1867, 1920, 1933, 1979, and 1993, contained any provision preventing family members or the spouse of the President of the Republic from running as a candidate for the legislature.
		The gap between the positive legislation in force in Peru, in respect of oversight of the legality of the elections board's decisions, and the international standards as indicated by this Commission, cannot be excused by a mechanical reiteration of future compliance.
	www.cidh.org /annualrep/99eng/Merits/Peru11.428.htm (7259 words)

	Elections in Peru
		To the extent that they assume their full responsibility of ensuring that their representatives witness each and every stage of the electoral process and of the official vote count, only the political parties and groups participating in these elections will ensure the rights of the Peruvian people to freely choose their destiny in these elections.
		This action would cloud and contradict the progress achieved in recent days regarding the access that the presidential candidates have to broadcast television, and would represent a setback that would aggravate the limitations on free access to the media already observed during this electoral campaign.
		It is important to ensure that the coordinators of the voting centers designated by the ONPE and the Special Electoral Boards understand this matter clearly as well as the issue related to voter identity cards, so they can provide support to those working at the polls.
	www.oas.org /OASpage/press2002/en/Press98/Press2000/peru5.htm (856 words)

	U.S. CONGRESSIONAL ACTION REGARDING ELECTIONS IN PERU (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Several independent election monitors have issued distressing reports on the conditions surrounding the upcoming April 9 elections in Peru.
		Their report states that `the electoral environment in Peru is characterized by polarization, anxiety and uncertainties.
		Freedom House rates only two countries in the Hemisphere, Peru and Cuba, as having a press that is `not free.' According to Freedom House, since 1992 media outlets have been pressured into self-censorship or exile by a government campaign of intimidation, abductions, death threats, arbitrary detention, and physical mistreatment.
	www.aprodeh.org.pe /democracia/democracia1/c_uscongres.htm (803 words)

	The EU's Human rights and Democratisation Policy - Statement by Commissioner C. Patten on elections in Peru
		Electoral bodies and the main actors have made a remarkable effort, particularly in view of the short time available since the last elections.
		I wish to congratulate the people of Peru, the political parties and the electoral authorities for the maturity shown with a normal and peaceful electoral process, after the difficult period Peru had to go through during the last year.
		The European Electoral Observation Mission, headed by Ms Eva Zetterberg, Deputy Speaker of the Swedish Parliament and including eleven Members of the European Parliament, has received outstanding treatment and has been able to confirm the transparency and fairness of the electoral process.
	europa.eu.int /comm/external_relations/human_rights/news/ip_01_551.htm (243 words)

	Peru: Call for Fujimori Exit (Human Rights Watch, September 18, 2000) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Peru: Call for Fujimori Exit (Human Rights Watch, September 18, 2000)
		President Alberto Fujimori (who Saturday called for new elections in Peru and announced that he would not present himself as a candidate) should stand down immediately in favor of a caretaker president who can enjoy the confidence of all political sectors, Human Rights Watch said today.
		Fujimori's decision to call new elections was correct, but for these elections to be seen as fair and credible, they should not take place under his presidency," said Jose Miguel Vivanco, executive director of the Americas Division of Human Rights Watch.
	www.hrw.org /english/docs/2000/09/18/peru703_txt.htm (406 words)

	Open Directory - News: Online Archives: CNN.com: 2000: September: World: Americas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Peru legislators lobby Panama to deny Montesinos asylum - [CNN]
		Peru's spy chief lands in Panama in asylum bid - [CNN]
		Peru's president calls for new elections, says he won't be a candidate - [CNN]
	www.dmoz.org /News/Online_Archives/CNN.com/2000/September/World/Americas (3018 words)

	Peru: 2000 Presidential Elections, Second Round
		Alberto Fujimori, plagued by scandals and accusations of government corruption, tendered his resignation as Peru's Chief Executive in late November 2000.
		Interim president Valentín Paniagua, sworn in the 22nd of November, 2000, will head a caretaker government until April when new presidential elections are scheduled.
		Paniagua is barred by law from running in those elections.
	www.georgetown.edu /pdba/Elecdata/Peru/2000P2.html (79 words)

	Peru Elections News - Media Monitoring Service by EIN News
		Bolivia, Daniel Ortega in Nicaragua, and some adventurer who pops up in Ecuador or Peru and reaches the presidency thanks to voters who have been brainwashed by populism and ignorance.
		settle for the politics of discussion and elections to secure their goal of a united...
		Americatel Peru to Build WiMAX-Ready Network in Latin America Using Alvarion's BreezeMAX(TM); Americatel Peru to Provide Broadband Data and Voice Services to Corporate and SOHO Users in Lima
	www.einnews.com /peru/newsfeed-PeruElections (644 words)

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