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Topic: Electoral reform in New Zealand

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	Hoover Institution - Policy Review - Market Reform: Lessons from New Zealand
		New Zealand should be one of the fastest-growing countries in the world, a magnet for ambitious people looking for a better life.
		New Zealand remains the only developed country to have scrapped farm support, a political achievement all the greater given that agriculture is New Zealand’s largest sector.
		But the right in New Zealand assisted the left’s recovery and current ascendancy by rendering their own market principles inoperable, as these bore a diminishing resemblance to what they actually did when they were in government and to their policies when in opposition.
	www.hoover.org /publications/policyreview/3449581.html (4584 words)

	Encyclopedia: New Zealand Labour Party (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The New Zealand general election of 1919 was held December 17 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 20h session of the New Zealand Parliament.
		The New Zealand general election of 1922 was held December 7 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 21st session of the New Zealand Parliament.
		The New Zealand general election of 1925 was held November 4 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 22nd session of the New Zealand Parliament.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/New-Zealand-Labour-Party (5360 words)

	Canadian Electoral Reform
		The recommendation to adopt a new electoral system was put to the voters in a referendum question at the May 2005 provincial election.
		The 2003 PEI Electoral Reform Commissioner's Report that recommended some element of proportionality be added but he did not make specific recommendations.
		They may, as in the case of Germany and New Zealand, be distributed in order to ensure the total share of seats a party wins (including the SMP and party list seats) is proportional to the party's share of votes.
	www.sfu.ca /~aheard/elections/reform.html (2605 words)

	Key dates in New Zealand electoral reform
		1956 Parliament passed new Electoral Act, including entrenched provisions which could not be amended unless the proposed changes were agreed to by either 75 percent of all MPs or a majority of those who voted in a referendum; eligible Māori required to register as electors.
		1965 Number of European electorates in the South Island fixed at 25, and provision for the number of European electorates in the North Island to increase according to population changes.
		1975 Term for non-Māori electorates changed from 'European' to 'General'; introduction of 'Māori electoral option' held after each five-yearly population census to permit Māori to choose which type of roll (General or Māori) they wish to be on until the next option; right to vote extended to permanent residents of any nationality.
	www.elections.org.nz /administration/printer_key_dates_electoral_reform.html (1121 words)

	Market Reform: Lessons from New Zealand by Rupert Darwall - Policy Review, No. 118 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		New Zealand should be one of the fastest-growing countries in the world, a magnet for ambitious people looking for a better life.
		New Zealand remains the only developed country to have scrapped farm support, a political achievement all the greater given that agriculture is New Zealand’s largest sector.
		But the right in New Zealand assisted the left’s recovery and current ascendancy by rendering their own market principles inoperable, as these bore a diminishing resemblance to what they actually did when they were in government and to their policies when in opposition.
	www.policyreview.org /apr03/darwall.html (4591 words)

	Electoral Systems (BP334E) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Electoral systems of this sort are used in Canada, the United States, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.
		New Zealanders indicated a willingness to move away from SMP towards an arrangement including some proportionality, while Italians went in the opposite direction.
		September's referendum results are not binding; New Zealanders will have an opportunity to choose between the status quo and a refined version of the mixed system during the next general election, expected sometime in late 1993.
	www.parl.gc.ca /information/library/PRBpubs/bp334-e.htm (7242 words)

	Toward Better Governance - Public Service Reform in New Zealand (1984-94) and its Relevance to Canada
		New Zealand is an island nation in the South Pacific, roughly the size of the United Kingdom in area but sparsely populated, with 3.5 million people, and geographically remote from other countries (Australia lies almost 2,000 kilometres to the west, across the Tasman Sea).
		New Zealand's discovery by Europeans (the Dutch) dates from the seventeenth century, although the country was not colonized until the early nineteenth century, by the British.
		New Zealand was forced to suspend foreign currency trading, having very nearly exhausted its reserves of foreign exchange; the country was in real danger of defaulting on its overseas borrowing.
	www.oag-bvg.gc.ca /domino/other.nsf/html/nzbody.html (18558 words)

	New Zealand Election Study - NZES-Based Resarch
		This puzzle is examined using pooled validated data from the 1996 and 1999 New Zealand Election Studies, with particular attention to the effects of partisan dealignment, party mobilization and the short-term effects of New Zealand’s first experience of coalition government since the 1930s.
		In New Zealand's first election held under proportional representation, voters who are on the extreme left were significantly more likely to participate than previously leading to an overall increase in turnout.
		Abstract: After 2002, the year of the third MMP election in New Zealand, this paper asks whether we may be through the process of electoral system transition and may now simply treat the various electoral outcomes as 'normal' responses to the economic and political events of the government's term of office.
	www.nzes.org /exec/show/research (2734 words)

	electoral college reform options
		A variation would be to calculate each individual electoral vote according to the congressional district it represents, with the two senatorial votes being determined by the overall vote of the state.
		Electoral votes would have to be awarded proportionally by each state, not by winner-take-all, because if winner-take-all was used, the preferential part would quite likely never get to operate.
		The electoral votes of each state would go to whoever got the most approval votes in that state, or could be split proportionally among candidates according to their approval vote totals.
	gning.org /electoral.html (5238 words)

	Reform in Italy
		The electoral reformers, led initially by former Christian Democrat Mario Segni, the instigator of the referendum, had several objectives.
		In this light, it is understandable that the reforms ultimately adopted were probably the least that could have been done, and indeed Segni himself abstained in the final vote and had already called for even more fundamental change in the form of direct election of the prime minister.
		Nonetheless, the new parliamentary electoral law is a major retreat from proportionality -- if not quite as far as interpreted in many press accounts -- and is already having a profound effect on Italian politics.
	www.fairvote.org /reports/1993/katz.html (1287 words)

	NZ Greens: Campaigns: Electoral Reform
		Ten years after New Zealand voted to adopt MMP (Mixed Member Proportional) as our new voting system, there remains some uncertainty about its future – but MMP may be more secure than appearances suggest.
		Almost as well known is the “electorate” threshold, by which a party that wins one seat also qualifies for a top-up of list seats to proportionality.
		The Electoral Reform Society The UK Electoral Reform Society is a membership organisation which campaigns for the strengthening of our democracy through changes to the voting system and electoral arrangements.
	www.greens.org.nz /campaigns/electoralreform/previous-stories.asp (921 words)

	Center for Voting and Democracy
		On November 30, 2002, voters in Wellington, New Zealand backed a change to the choice voting (also called "single transferable vote" system) for local elections in New Zealand's first referendum on electoral reform for local government.
		Phil Saxby of the New Zealand Electoral Reform Coalition was delighted with the result, remarking that "If you can get 40,000 people to vote on an issue like this, I see that as a victory." Councillor David Zwartz said Wellingtonians had voted for a fairer voting system that will provide better representation.
		It should be noted that New Zealand has adopted choiced voting by Meek's method as the optional alternative electoral system to the current first-past-the-post system for local elections.
	www.fairvote.org /pr/wellington.htm (261 words)

	New Zealand Business Roundtable
		The New Zealand Business Roundtable said today that comments by finance minister Michael Cullen on the report on household saving by the New Zealand Institute of Economic Research reflected a misunderstanding of relevant data.
		Presentation to the ACT New Zealand Waikato/Bay of Plenty Regional Conference.
		Contributing to the development of good public policies for New Zealand is central to the mission of the New Zealand Business Roundtable.
	www.nzbr.org.nz (1153 words)

	New Zealand National Party -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The Reform Party, the full name of which was the New Zealand Political Reform League, was a conservative…
		The House of Representatives controversially established a new Supreme Court to replace the London-based judicial committee of the Privy Council as New Zealand's court of final appeal and...
		As prime minister of New Zealand from 1975 to 1984, Robert David Muldoon was a fiscal conservative who tried to solve his country's economic difficulties by limiting wage and price increases, making union membership voluntary, cutting taxes, and calling for industrialized nations to reduce import barriers to New Zealand's products.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9055551 (847 words)

	Electoral reform in New Zealand - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Electoral reform in New Zealand
		Electoral reform in New Zealand is not available in the Hutchinson encyclopedia.
		Electoral systems of the Australian states and territories
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Electoral+reform+in+New+Zealand (103 words)

	Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII)
		AustLII welcomes new contributors: Eastern Suburbs Law Society, The Council of Australasian Tribunals Inc, The Tasmanian Independent Bar Inc, The Criminal Lawyers Association of WA, the NSW Society for Computers and the Law, and additional contributors (17 October 2007)
		AustLII welcomes new contributors: The University of Adelaide Law School, The National Competition Council, Kelly & Co Lawyers SA, Bar Chambers SA, Mitchell Chambers SA and additional contributors (10 October 2007)
		Nurses and Midwives Tribunal of New South Wales Decisions 2007-
	www.austlii.edu.au (255 words)

	Electoral Reform Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Schedule 2 of the bill would allow the Secretary of State to set a threshold of no greater than 5%, this would mean that for a party to be entitled to list seats it would have to gain the prescribed percentage.
		The Society believes that it is extremely important for the new electoral systems being introduced to be seen to be giving the voter greater power over their elected representatives.
		Given that the Government has expressed a preference for electoral systems that clearly delineate parties, an option would be a party-list variant of STV (as used in Tasmania).
	www.electoral-reform.org.uk /publications/briefings/london.htm (3209 words)

	Beyond gerrymandering and Texas posses: US electoral reform \| csmonitor.com
		NEW YORK – It was grand political theater when Texas Democratic legislators crossed into Oklahoma earlier this month to avoid Texas Rangers pursuing them for a quorum call to vote on a Republican redistricting plan.
		And for all their pretense of bravery for principle, not even Texas Democrats were willing to take the proverbial steer by the horns - the winner-take-all electoral system used in every federal and state election in the United States but almost nowhere else among the world's advanced democracies.
		The spectacle of a posse of Texas Rangers assigned to arrest legislators in an attempt to dragoon them into rubber-stamping a particularly egregious gerrymandering scheme is yet another embarrassment and a sure sign that electoral reform is seriously overdue.
	www.csmonitor.com /2003/0529/p09s01-coop.html (753 words)

	New Zealand at ElectionFinance.net
		Many organizations (including “the country’s largest union, the PSA“, the Human Rights Commission, two teachers unions, and The Law Society) have criticized the still-lingering reforms in New Zealand, arguing in particular that the limitations on third-party spending are too tough and stifle free speech.
		The government has tabled the reform they introduced after loud complaints about the restrictions on third party campaigning, which was really the bulk of what was left in the already “watered down” proposal, Stuff.co reports.
		The Ministry of Justice has released a press statement about a reform bill introduced to parliament, which is available at the Scoop.
	electionfinance.net /blog/category/country/new-zealand (554 words)

	New Zealand Green Bloggers Top Story: Ross Meurant's comments on the raids
		Yesterday New Zealand First's Peter Brown used question time in the House to launch an attack on New Zealand's immigration policy, arguing that cheap foreign...
		After 10 years of use as a de facto ID card, the New Zealand government has just published draft guidelines requiring that they are no longer accepted by...
		Press for electoral reform, such as PR eNews
	new-zealand.green-bloggers.com (296 words)

	Governing Under Proportional Representation: Lessons from Europe \| Institute of Policy Studies \| Victoria University of ...
		Electoral reform in New Zealand has brought many new political uncertainties, complexities and challenges, not to mention numerous frustrations and disappointments.
		Particular attention is given to the experience of four relatively small, unitary states, namely Ireland, Denmark, Norway and Sweden.
		Based on interviews with leading politicians, public servants, political advisers and academics, the author examines the process of government formation, coalition management and the operation of minority governments, and outlines some of the key lessons for New Zealand as its political institutions grapple with the consequences of electoral reform.
	www.vuw.ac.nz /ips/publications/role/governing.aspx (204 words)

	3 injured in riot over electoral reform in Macedonia New Zealand volcano erupts; climber hurt A newl - *** InsideWorld ...
		3 injured in riot over electoral reform in Macedonia New Zealand volcano erupts; climber hurt A newl - * InsideWorld News Browser *
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	www.insideworld.com /r/3_injured_in_riot_over_electoral_reform_in_Macedonia_New_Zealand_volcano_erupts;_climber_hurt_A_newl,,wid,571472.html (64 words)

	Electoral Reform Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		glossary of main electoral systems and detailed analysis of those systems in the light of the criteria set down for the Commission.
		A definition and illustration of MMP as used in New Zealand.
		A voter-friendly explanation of MMP as used in New Zealand.
	www.electoral-reform.org.uk /links/systems.htm (456 words)

	Elections and Electoral Systems by Country
		Ballot Access News index is a non-partisan newsletter reporting on the trials and tribulations of folks trying to put candidates on the ballot in the USA
		Adam Carr's Electoral Archive has complete (ie, seat by seat) federal elections statistics from 1901 (federation) to the present, and statistics for all Australian state elections since 1990.
		National Electoral Committee has information in English on the Parliamentary Elections of 1995 and 1999, and the local elections of 1996, plus an overview of elections from 1989-1996.
	www.psr.keele.ac.uk /election.htm (1466 words)

	Policy - Better Local Government
		New website - The Standards Board for England -Information on the work of the Board and the new ethical framework can be viewed on this website
		Piloting new Electoral arrangements: An LGA briefing for May 2000 elections - April 2000 (37k pdf) - There are a number of features that distinguish this set of elections - this paper discusses the various pilots undertaken in more detail.
		Elections - the 21 st century model - an evaluation of May 2000 local electoral pilots - (Nov 2000) Priced publication - This report considers the experience of local authorities in running the pilots and evaluates their success or failure according to a number of criteria.
	www.lga.gov.uk /lga/blg/index.htm (1339 words)

	Channelnewsasia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Local media, quoting sources close to the NPCSC, said the body's meeting in Beijing to interpret clauses in the Basic Law mini-constitution regarding electoral reform would assert Beijing's authority to initiate change.
		The review is the latest move in an ongoing row over the future of democracy in the city, ruled by China since 1997.
		Your continued use of this Site shall be construed as your agreement to abide by our terms and conditions of use.
	www.channelnewsasia.com /stories/afp_asiapacific/view/78897/1/.html (606 words)

	Citizens' Assembly on Electoral Reform -
		What I see is that the Single Transferable Vote [STV] system is too complicated, not as fair, not as proportional, and leads to more competitive politics.
		I also see that other commissions that have studied electoral reform have rejected STV, including the Jenkins Commission in the UK, the Royal Commission on Electoral Reform in New Zealand, and most recently the Law Commission of Canada, which recommended an MMP system of voting federally in Canada.
		I see that New Zealand supported MMP over STV by 70% to 17%, which too is very telling.
	www.citizensassembly.bc.ca /public/get_involved/submission/L/LIGHT-1328 (136 words)

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