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Topic: Electrical Submersible Pumps

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	Petroleum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Concentration of hydrocarbons in a trap forms an oil field, from which the liquid can be extracted by drilling and pumping.
		Sometimes pumps, such as beam pumps and electrical submersible pumps (ESPs), are used to bring the oil to the surface.
		Sun, wind, geothermal, and other renewable electricity sources cannot directly replace high energy density liquid petroleum for transportation use; instead automobiles and other equipment must be altered to allow using electricity (in batteries) or hydrogen (via fuel cells or internal combustion) which can be produced from renewable sources.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Petroleum (5424 words)

	Petroleum - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		The resulting high levels of heat and pressure cause the remains to metamorphose, first into a waxy material known as kerogen, and then into liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons in a process known as catagenesis.
		These reactions are thought to be very temperature sensitive: reactions that produce recognizable oil kick in at about 130 °C, and those that continue the breakdown of oil to natural gas kick in by about 180 °C. The range of 130 - 150 °C is generally considered the "oil window".
		Renewable energy source alternatives do exist, although the degree to which they can replace petroleum and the possible environmental damage they may cause are uncertain and controversial.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/p/e/t/Petroleum.html (4499 words)

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