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	Fujitsu Develops World's First Film Substrate-based Bendable Color Electronic Paper featuring Image Memory Function : ...
		The new electronic paper features vivid color images that are unaffected even when the screen is bent, and features an image memory function that enables continuous display of the same image without the need for electricity.
		The thin and flexible electronic paper uses very low power to change screen images, thereby making it ideal for displaying information or advertisements in public areas as a type of new electronic media that can be handled as easily as paper.
		Electronic paper is especially convenient for use on curved surfaces, such as columns.
	www.fujitsu.com /global/news/pr/archives/month/2005/20050713-01.html (853 words)

	Untitled Document
		Electronic reusable paper is a display material that has many of the properties of paper.
		Electronic reusable paper utilizes a display technology, invented at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), called "Gyricon." A Gyricon sheet is a thin layer of transparent plastic in which millions of small beads, somewhat like toner particles, are randomly dispersed.
		This electronic reusable paper printing device may one day be small enough to fit into a purse.
	www.parc.xerox.com /dhl/projects/gyricon (611 words)

	CrossingWallStreet.com: Electronic Paper
		"Electronic paper" is a display technology that makes possible flexible or even rollable displays which, unlike current computer screens, can be read in bright sunlight.
		Electronic paper was invented in the 1970s at Xerox' Palo Alto Research Center by Nick Sheridon, who now works as research director at Xerox subsidiary Gyricon, which makes electronic paper signs.
		At a 10th of a millimeter, the thickness of an ordinary sheet of paper, electronic paper is much thinner than the liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) used in today's computers and mobile phones.
	www.crossingwallstreet.com /archives/2005/11/electronic_pape.html (342 words)

	Turns of Phrase: Electronic paper
		After several years’ work, they have produced prototypes of a medium almost as thin and flexible as paper, but which can be repeatedly erased and rewritten with data from computer storage and which requires no power to maintain its image indefinitely.
		electronic paper, a term which goes back at least to the mid nineties, though the term digital paper has also been used.
		As increasing amounts of information are held and presented in the electronic medium, it is an appropriate time to reflect on whether “electronic paper” is a realistic proposition now or in the future.
	www.worldwidewords.org /turnsofphrase/tp-ele2.htm (219 words)

	C&EN: LATEST NEWS - MAKING ELECTRONIC PAPER
		A new type of electronic paper was announced by scientists at the ACS meeting held March 28 to April 1, in Anaheim, Calif. The paper consists of bacterial cellulose with an electronic dye between transparent electrodes.
		To make the paper, professor of molecular genetics and microbiology R. Malcolm Brown Jr., and graduate student Jay Shah at the University of Texas, Austin, start with a sheet of pure cellulose, which is one of the main structural components of wood and reflects and bends like conventional paper.
		But he notes that the new electronic paper is the first with a surface that has the same reflective quality as conventional paper.
	pubs.acs.org /cen/news/8213/8213electronic.html (304 words)

	Electronic Paper, e-Publishing and e-Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Now, thanks to new electronic materials, we could be about to enter an era in which books, magazines and newspapers are delivered, wirelesslv, to thin, flexible plastic displays, convenient for reading whether on a crowded train or beach, just like the media they aim to replace.
		The first sheets of electronic paper were demonstrated in 2000 by Bell Laboratories, the research and development unit of Lucent Technologies, and E Ink Corporation.
		E Ink’s electronic ink uses the principal of electrophoresis, the movement imparted by an electric field to charged particles that are suspended in a liquid.
	www.azom.com /details.asp?ArticleID=1487 (1242 words)

	Term paper on Electronic Voting Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The history of paper ballots in the United States could be traced to 17th century Colonial days when casting votes were a matter of shouting or show of the hand to denote preference for a candidate.
		There is no doubt that electronic voting machines significantly eliminate the centuries old problem of paper trails that result in over vote or under vote yet it brings with it a baggage of newer problems.
		But electronic machines lost nearly as many votes as punch cards, averaging 2.3 percent over the last four elections." According to data provided by the Election Data Services, this means that for the year 2004 approximately 1.1 million votes will be lost translated 1.1 million people will be denied of their Constitutional right to vote.
	www.termpapergenie.com /electronic.html (4466 words)

	Wired News: E-Paper Closer to Delivery
		Electronic paper -- an ultra-thin, lightweight screen that can be rolled or folded like a newspaper -- may soon materialize.
		E Ink had an initial test of an electronic paper sign in a retail store back in May, and will roll out new displays integrating the technology from Lucent within a year.
		E Ink's electronic ink displays are made of millions of tiny capsules filled with light and dark dyes that change color when zapped with an electric charge.
	www.wired.com /news/technology/0,1282,31877,00.html (764 words)

	ScienCentral Video News: Electronic Paper
		Electronic Paper - Part 1 (08.16.99) - Imagine a single book containing a library's entire collection, or a newspaper that continually updates itself.
		Electronic paper would offer all the pluses of old-fashioned newsprint: excellent resolution, high contrast that can be read in strong or dim light, no need for external power to maintain an image.
		Electronic ink consists of tiny capsules full of minute particles of fl and white pigment that is sensitive to electrical charges.
	sciencentral.com /articles/view.php3?article_id=218392010&... (670 words)

	Science News for Kids: Feature: Electronic Paper Turns a Page
		Electronic paper might one day serve as the vehicle for a low-cost stream of information to schools all over the world.
		Electronic paper is much easier to read than typical computer screens, Bischoff says.
		E Ink's electronic paper also sucks up a lot less power than ordinary computer displays do because the particles stay where they are until an electric field makes them move.
	www.sciencenewsforkids.org /articles/20031203/Feature1.asp (1255 words)

	ScienCentral Video News: Electronic Paper - Part 1
		Although it resembles ordinary paper, electronic paper is more akin to a computer screen, and can be reused millions of times.
		Electronic paper could be sewn into your shirt with an updateable map on the sleeve.
		Researchers across the globe are competing to bring their own versions of electronic paper to market.
	www.sciencentral.com /articles/view.php3?article_id=218391163 (677 words)

	Scientific American: Feature Article: The Electronic Paper Chase: November 2001
		Yet ink on paper is lacking in one of the essential traits of computer displays: instantaneous erasure and reuse, millions of times without wearing out.
		The earliest attempt at "electric paper," as it was originally called, came as a response to the poor visual quality of the computer displays available in the early 1970s.
		With this version of electronic paper drawing as little as one hundredth the power of a comparable LCD screen, Philips is banking on a competitive advantage in battery life for its handheld devices, which will be available within the next two years.
	www.prism.washington.edu /lc/CLWEBCLB/electpaper.html (2483 words)

	SSRN-Electronic Government and Electronic Civics by Jane Fountain
		Electronic government and electronic civics embrace a wide range of topics.
		Electronic government and electronic civics include in their purview the development, use, and implications of new practices, processes, forms and interests in government and civic life occasioned by the Internet, World Wide Web and related information and communication technologies.
		With respect to formal government systems, electronic government and electronic civics encompass the use and implications of information and communication technologies in all branches of government - the legislature, executive, and judiciary - as well as at all levels of government including local, state, federal, transnational, and global.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=405103 (305 words)

	Electronic Paper: Printing electronic circuits on cardboard at 0.8 meters/sec
		This blog will be explore the collision of the paper and electronic worlds, where they intersect happily and where they fight madly.
		The other thing which I'll try for is a stream of scans of interesting paper artifacts, showing things that were done better (or at least differently) in another era.
		One part of a future world of inexpensive electronics with displays printed on paper or paper-y things is manufacturing processes which work to create large print runs at speed.
	vielmetti.typepad.com /electronicpaper/2005/10/printing_electr.html (520 words)

	Electronic Paper
		Presently, there are two core technologies that make up the ìinkî of ePaper or smart paper: Bichromal Beads and Electrowetting.
		To finalize this and create a display this film of ìinkî must ultimately be laminated to a layer of circuitry or connected to an electronic driver device such as that of an active matrix display.
		Another example would be the electronic sign shown below, which communicates wirelessly with a PC to receive itís messages for display.
	www.emory.edu /BUSINESS/et/552fall2003/Oelectronicpaper/UnderTech.htm (965 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Electronic Ink Will Work"
		With a world full of monitors and electronic displays made with liquid crystals, light-emitting diodes and gas plasma, you probably don't think of paper as being a revolutionary display technology, but the Chinese invention of paper in 105 A.D. forever changed the way the world communicates.
		For nearly 2,000 years, ink on paper was the only way to display words and images, and it still beats computer displays when it comes to portability and price.
		Yet it does have some limitations: Once you've printed words on paper, those words cannot be changed without at least leaving some marks, and it is also difficult to carry around a large number of books.
	electronics.howstuffworks.com /e-ink.htm (271 words)

	Most flexible electronic paper yet revealed - 26 January 2004 - New Scientist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Philips's new display was made possible by the development of a way to print organic electronics onto a thin plastic film - previously, it was only possible to print these components on glass.
		Joe Jacobson, a researcher at Massachusetts Institute of Technology says electronic paper must be thin, flexible, low power and low cost to become a commercial reality.
		In front of this is a 200 micron thick layer containing "electronic ink", developed by a company called E Ink.
	www.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn4602 (501 words)

	USATODAY.com - 'Electronic paper' has potential to show movies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Tiny dots packed in columns and rows on the paper can change colors in just one one-hundredth of a second, fast enough that a whole array of these dots could display video images, said Robert A. Hayes, a scientist at Philips Research Laboratories (www.research.philips.com) in Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
		The electronic paper is not really paper at all, but electronics embedded in a flexible piece of plastic as thin as a sheet of paper.
		The paper's display surface is four times brighter than reflective liquid-crystal displays, such as those seen on mobile phones and personal digital assistants, Hayes said.
	www.usatoday.com /tech/news/techinnovations/2003-09-24-electronic-paper_x.htm (576 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| E-paper moves a step nearer
		Electronic paper has taken a step closer with the development of a prototype flexible electronic display.
		"Electronic inks are not new, but this is the first time that they've been integrated with rubber-stamped plastic drive circuitry," explained John Rogers.
		And the inventors are confident that their technology will scale down to the sizes needed to make useful electronic paper.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_1292000/1292852.stm (377 words)

	The future of electronic paper \| Tech News on ZDNet
		The vision of electronic paper driving a new wave of innovation in the content distribution field has been around for a long time.
		In addition, electronic ink displays are thinner than LCD panels, and since they use significantly less battery power, the devices could be much lighter.
		Whenever electronic paper is mentioned, the first application that springs to mind are e-books and electronic newspapers.
	news.zdnet.com /2100-9595_22-529659.html (1169 words)

	E Ink Corporation \| Technology \| Electronic Paper Displays
		An Electronic Paper Display is a display that possess a paper-like high contrast appearance, ultra-low power consumption, and a thin, light form.
		Electronic ink is ideally suited for EPDs as it is a reflective technology which requires no front or backlight, is viewable under a wide range of lighting conditions, including direct sunlight, and requires no power to maintain an image.
		E Ink manufactures a electronic ink which is in makes into a film used as an optical component to make EPDs.
	eink.com /technology/index.html (551 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| E-paper moving closer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Traditional paper has largely survived the test of time but now it is facing a new challenge from its electronic equivalent.
		Electronic paper has been one of the technology world's holy grails for more than two decades and the prospect of using it as a substitute for the real thing is closer than ever.
		The success or otherwise of this electronic equivalent to paper will depend in part on finding what is called the killer application.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/1530678.stm (599 words)

	Electronic-Paper Displays Slowly Gain Wider Acceptance - Mobile Technology News by TechWeb
		Electronic paper is looking like a futuristic display technology that may finally be settling into the mainstream.
		Notepad and newspaper-sized units are the Holy Grail of electronic paper, seen as the real-world implementations which could spur mass-market adoption.
		"Electronic paper is a paperless display medium that uses ambient light to project an image," explained Sheridon.
	www.techweb.com /wire/mobile/160701612 (1029 words)

	Electronic paper
		Electronic paper is defined as a digital display thin and flexible enough to roll into a tube or fold up like a map, yet cheap enough to be sold in reams or wired into the spine of a notebook.
		Unlike an electronic book, which basically is a rigid, keyboardless computer screen, electronic paper can be shaped into numerous configurations for books, magazines, newspapers, signage and more.
		Though Sheridon appeared on the edge of a breakthrough for electronic paper, there was one major hang-up: The electronics required to deliver the electrical charge through the silicon rubber sheet were still on a rigid circuit board.
	www.networkworld.com /newsletters/techexec/2001/00557021.html (981 words)

	Electronic paper - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Electronic paper, also sometimes called e-paper or electronic ink, is a display technology designed to mimic the appearance of regular ink on paper.
		One form or another of electronic paper is being developed by Gyricon (which was spun out of Xerox), Philips Electronics, Kent Displays (cholesteric displays), Nemoptic (bistable nematic - BiNem - technology), NTERA (electrochromic NanoChromics displays), SiPix Imaging (electrophoretic), and many others.
		It was the first commercally avaliable electronic device to utilize electronic paper display technology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electronic_paper (1192 words)

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