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Topic: Electroscope

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	ELECTROSCOPE - Online Information article about ELECTROSCOPE
		Volta made use of such an electroscope in his celebrated experiments (1790–1800) to prove that metals placed in contact with one another are brought to different potentials, in other words to prove the existence of so-called contact electricity.
		To employ the electroscope as a means of detecting radio-activity, we have first to test the leakage quality of the electroscope itself.
		Kelvin) that what a gold-leaf electroscope really indicates is the difference of potential between the gold-leaf and the solid walls enclosing the air space in which they move.' If these enclosing walls are made of anything else than perfectly conducting material, then the indications of the instrument may be uncertain and meaning-less.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /ECG_EMS/ELECTROSCOPE.html (2178 words)

	Leaf electroscopes for electrostatic demonstrations
		In a calibrated electroscope, the two leaves are made of fine hammered gold leaf and the voltage is determined by viewing and measuring the separation angle with a low-power microscope.
		All the important features of operation of the classical electrophorus may be demonstrated with an electroscope accessory mounted to a piece of aluminum or steel rod of minimum diameter 1/16".
		A similar electroscope accessory can be made by bending the end of the wire opposite the leaves into the form of a horizontal base upon which the instrument sits upright.
	www.ece.rochester.edu /~jones/demos/electroscope.html (890 words)

	Electroscope
		The electroscope at the left is at Washington and Jefferson College in Washington, Pennsylvania.
		Ganot notes that "The delicacy of this electroscope may be increased by adapting to the foot of the apparatus two metal rods, terminating in knobs; for these knobs, being excited by induction from the gold leaves, react upon them." This induction process is akin to neutral scraps of paper being attracted to an electrically-charged rod.
		The electroscope is uncalibrated and can only indicate the presence and relative magnitude of the charge on a conductor and its resulting electric potential.
	physics.kenyon.edu /EarlyApparatus/Static_Electricity/Electroscope/Electroscope.html (1097 words)

	Electroscope
		The electroscope, or electrometer, is an instrument that measures electric charge or voltage by means of repulsive electrostatic force.
		The movement of the small electroscope needle may well be made visible to the class by video projection.
		The electroscope may be an old instrument, but its elegant simplicity makes it a must for electrostatic experiments.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~scdiroff/lds/ElectricityMagnetism/Electroscope/Electroscope.html (208 words)

	John Straub's lecture notes
		The electroscope is irradiated with long wavelength UV radiation, and the electroscope is observed.
		The electroscope is irradiated with short wavelength UV radiation, and the electroscope is observed.
		When the electroscope is charged, or when it is brought near a charged object, the needle is displaced from the vertical to a diagonal position.
	people.bu.edu /straub/courses/demomaster/electroscope.html (873 words)

	Zeleny Electroscope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The latter penetrates the side of the electroscope’s cylindrical metal case and is used to both charge the plate and move it back and forth (the plate is reminiscent of the charged plate in CTR Wilson’s tilted electroscope).
		As the air between the two horizontal disks on top of the electroscope is ionized, the charge on the gold leaf is reduced and the leaf falls back towards the plate.
		Alois Kovarik, a student of Zeleny’s and a onetime collaborator with Hans Geiger, used the Zeleny electroscope to register discharges from a point counter (an early version of what came to be the Geiger Mueller detector.
	www.orau.org /PTP/collection/electroscopes/zeleny.htm (374 words)

	1927: NBS gold leaf electroscope
		As an illustration of the electrometric methods, the general procedure followed in the determination by the simple electroscope of the radium content of a small sealed glass tube will be described.
		The simple electroscope consists of a metal case within which, and near its center, is supported in a vertical position a well-insulated metal strip to the top of which is attached a narrow strip of thin foil, preferably of gold leaf.
		When intended for gamma ray measurements, the electroscope should be carefully screened on all sides except one with lead at least one inch thick, so that the air in the electroscope will be protected from scattered radiations that would otherwise enter it.
	physics.nist.gov /GenInt/Curie/1927.html (1432 words)

	Electroscopes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		An electroscope is a charge-detecting device which depicts the presence of a charge on the apparatus itself or upon other objects in the nearby vicinity.
		The presence of a charge on an electroscope is depicted by the deflection of its needle from its usual upright position.
		Since the electroscope plate, support, and needle are connected and made of a conducting material, any charge upon the electroscope will be uniformly distributed about the entire conductor.
	chem.ch.huji.ac.il /~eugeniik/instruments/archaic/electroscopes.html (1406 words)

	electroscope - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		If a negatively charged body is brought near the terminal of the electroscope, it will cause electrons to be repelled into the sensor; a positively charged body attracts electrons out of the sensor.
		It the electroscope is given a known charge by conduction, e.g., by touching its terminal with a negatively charged rod, it can then be used to identify an unknown charge.
		If the unknown charge is like that on the electroscope, when it is brought near the terminal the leaves or vane will move even farther; while if it is opposite that on the electroscope, the leaves or vane will fall toward the uncharged, neutral position.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-electrosc.html (426 words)

	Induced charge
		If the original charge on the electroscope were negative then the magnitude of the charge on the leaves is increased in the presence of the rod, and the leaves consequently move further apart.
		On the other hand, if the original charge on the electroscope were positive then the magnitude of the charge on the leaves is decreased in the presence of the rod, and the leaves consequently move closer together.
		It is clear that whenever a charged object is brought close to the knob of an uncharged electroscope, the electroscope registers a charge.
	farside.ph.utexas.edu /teaching/302l/lectures/node6.html (887 words)

	AllRefer.com - electroscope (Physics) - Encyclopedia
		If a negatively charged body is brought near the terminal of the electroscope, it will cause electrons to be repelled into the sensor; a positively charged body attracts electrons out of the sensor.
		It the electroscope is given a known charge by conduction, e.g., by touching its terminal with a negatively charged rod, it can then be used to identify an unknown charge.
		If the unknown charge is like that on the electroscope, when it is brought near the terminal the leaves or vane will move even farther; while if it is opposite that on the electroscope, the leaves or vane will fall toward the uncharged, neutral position.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/E/electrosc.html (354 words)

	Electroscopes
		The term electroscope is given to instruments which serve two primary purposes: 1) to determine if a body is electrified, and 2) to determine the nature of the electrification.
		The first electroscope was a device called a versorium, developed in 1600 by William Gilbert (1544-1603), Physician to Queen Elisabeth I..
		While not technically an electroscope, the device does indicate the presence of electric charge by rapid movement of the pith-balls inside the glass.
	www.sparkmuseum.com /ELECTROSCOPE.HTM (498 words)

	97cv1343 Gart v. Electroscope, Inc. et al - 6/4/97 Class Action Complaint
		Electroscope was valued not for its profitability, for it had never been profitable, but for its phenomenal rate of revenue growth in a market it estimated to be $450 million annually worldwide.
		On October 30, 1996, Electroscope filed its 1997 second fiscal quarter Form 10-Q with the SEC (the "1997 Second Quarter 10-Q") for the quarter ending September 30, 1996, and stated that its net revenues of $359,287 had continued to decline, 25 % for the quarter, from $479,350 for the same period the year before.
		Electroscope is the registrant for the Offering and issued and participated in the issuance of materially false and misleading statements to the investing public which were contained in the Registration Statement, of which the Prospectus was a part.
	securities.stanford.edu /1001/ESCP97/001.html (3941 words)

	Electroscope - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Electroscope, a device for measuring the amount of electric charge an object has.
		Electroscopes have been made obsolete by more accurate electronic...
		An early charge-detecting device was the gold-leaf electroscope.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Electroscope.html (124 words)

	The Physics Classroom
		An electroscope is a charge-detecting device which depicts the presence of a charge on the apparatus itself or upon other objects in the nearby vicinity.
		The presence of a charge on an electroscope is depicted by the deflection of its needle from its usual upright position.
		Since the electroscope plate, support, and needle are connected and made of a conducting material, any charge upon the electroscope will be uniformly distributed about the entire conductor.
	www.physicsclassroom.com /mmedia/estatics/gen.html (319 words)

	Ducretet Gold-Leaf Electroscope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		This design is essentially the same as the first gold leaf electroscope built by Abraham Bennet in the 1700s, and for this reason it is sometimes referred to as a Bennet-type electroscope.
		The result is that the shorter of the two leaves is deflected to a much greater extent than the longer one when the electroscope is charged.
		While their function is not perfectly clear, they may have served the same role as the two earthing strips that are often encountered in gold leaf electroscopes, i.e., to protect the gold leaves from the static charges that can accumulate on the glass.
	www.orau.org /ptp/collection/electroscopes/ducretet.htm (246 words)

	The Physics Classroom
		An electroscope is a common demonstration apparatus used by physics teachers to illustrate electrostatic principles of charging and charge interactions.
		The electroscope shown in the animation below consists of a plate (near the top), a support stand (which connects to the plate and extends through the center of the scope), and a needle which rests upon the support stand and is free to rotate about its pivot.
		When the charged object is pulled away, the needle of the electroscope deflects, thus indicating an overall charge on the electroscope.
	www.physicsclassroom.com /mmedia/estatics/esn.html (650 words)

	[No title]
		An electroscope is a device that can be used to test for the presence of charge, or that can be charged.
		An electroscope generally has a rotating arm indicating the presence of a net charge.
		On the electroscope we'll use, when the electroscope is uncharged the arm is usually vertical, and when the electroscope is charged the arm moves away from vertical.
	physics.bu.edu /~duffy/semester2/c01_electroscope.html (125 words)

	Electrostatics at Home
		To use the electroscope, rest it on a grounded conducting mat (such as is used with integrated circuits) or a metal plate, or just hold it in your hand.
		When electrified combs and tumblers are used to influence the electroscope, it is clear that only a small part of the charge at most stays on the electroscope when the comb or tumbler is taken away.
		The electroscope is a capacitor, with the central wire and metal leaf as one electrode, and the metallic coating as the other one.
	www.du.edu /~jcalvert/phys/elechome.htm (8226 words)

	Electroscope for Detecting Charge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The electroscope is a device for detecting the presence of a static charge.
		When it is brought near the electroscope, the freely moving electrons are attracted to the region closest to the test object.
		When the electroscope is touched, electrons can flow from the body [the body is an infinite source or sink for charge] to the region which has a temporary + charge.
	www.mtsu.edu /~pdlee/new_sci442/less_matl/static/static_electro.html (855 words)

	ELECTROSCOPE IONIZATION CHAMBER
		The capacity of the quartz fiber electroscope is about 0.2 pico-farads, and its voltage sensitivity is about one volt per division on the scale.
		As the gas (air) is ionized by the incident radiation, the fiber moves toward the position of zero charge.
		Due to the electroscope's dependability, simplicity, accuracy, and sensitivity, it is widely used in gamma radiation measurement.
	www.tpub.com /doeinstrument/instrumentationandcontrol54.htm (400 words)

	Radio Electroscope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The favored detector was the electroscope and the electrometer; Cajorie, writing in A History of Physics (1929) about Marie Curie's work, noted that she was "working with the electrometer as the chemist works with the spectroscope" in her research.
		The electroscope leaves in the cylindrical metal case are observed with a [missing] microscope by the light scattered from the ground glass window.
		Zeleny's Electroscope is a piece of apparatus designed to make quantitative measurements of ionizing radiation.
	physics.kenyon.edu /EarlyApparatus/Miscellaneous/Radio_Electroscope/Radio_Electroscope.html (245 words)

	ZOOM . activities . sci . Electroscope \| PBS Kids
		Be sure to hold the electroscope by the foam cup and not the aluminum pan, otherwise it won't work.
		I was so mad becuse the science fair was right around the corner, but when the science fair came I was playing with the Electroscope and discoered that if you put your fingers kind of clase to the sides of the ball that it moves.
		When I did the electroscope project I measured the amount of static each item produced by timing how long it took the electroscope to stop moving.
	pbskids.org /zoom/activities/sci/electroscope.html (894 words)

	Ch 16 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The vane electroscope consists of a light aluminum rod mounted by means of a central bearing on a metal support that is insulated from its metal stand.
		Any free electrons thus transferred to the electroscope, together with other free electrons of the electroscope itself, would be repelled to the leaves by the excess electrons remaining on the parts of the rod not in contact with the electroscope.
		The fact that the electroscope remained unchanged after the ball was removed (D) indicated (1) that there was no redistribution of positive charge on the outside surface of the pail and (2) that the outside of the pail (and the electroscope) had acquired a net charge equal to the charge originally placed on the ball.
	www.slvhs.slv.k12.ca.us /~pboomer/physicstextbook/ch16.html (6442 words)

	CHICOS: Electroscope Activity
		In this activity students will construct their own electroscopes, charge them up with static electricity, and observe some different ways they can be discharged.
		The electroscope "leaves" should stick up (like your hair) when the scope is charged.
		Once you are satisfied with the electroscope's operation and the positions of all the pieces, carefully spread or pour glue over the putty at the mouth of the bottle.
	www.chicos.caltech.edu /classroom/escope/escope.html (1093 words)

	206 Lab 1: Electroscope and electrophorus*
		Explain why the leaf of the electroscope deflects after it was touched with the charged rod.
		With her other hand she will touch the electroscope on the side opposite to the side where the rod is, she then releases her hand, and finally she moves the rod away.
		Predict what will happen if Sahana touches the top of the electroscope with her hand on the side opposite to the side where the rod is while holding the rod near by.
	www.physics.rutgers.edu /ugrad/labs/206-1.html (1266 words)

	[No title]
		Equipment: 1 ebonite rod 1 Lucite rod 1 piece of fur 1 piece of silk 1 electroscope rubbing alcohol conducting pith ball on stand 1 hair dryer Objective: The object of this lab is to study electric charges in a qualitative manner.
		To charge the electroscope by conduction negatively, the end of a charged ebonite rod is touched to the ball on top of the electroscope and electrons flow from the rod to the ball and the foil leaves, leaving a net negative charge.
		To charge the electroscope negatively by induction, a positively charged rod (lucite rubbed with silk) is brought near one side of the ball on top of the electroscope.
	www.olemiss.edu /courses/phys215/documents/labs/word/electrostatics.doc (827 words)

	Condensing Electroscope
		The condensing electroscope is an ordinary gold-leaf electroscope with an addition: the top is made into an electrophorus.
		The condensing electroscope was the only device available in the early 19th century that could react to the electricity given off by a voltaic pile.
		The instruments on the table include a condensing electroscope, and the demonstration is clearly designed to show that Galvani's electricity is related to the static electricity of the eighteenth century.
	www.thebakken.org /artifacts/condensing-Escope.htm (249 words)

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