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Topic: Electrowinning

	Electrowinning
		An electrowinning unit consists of a rectifier and a reaction chamber that houses anodes and cathodes.
		Electrowinning is particularly applicable for removing metal from solutions containing a moderate to high concentration of metal ions (>3,000 mg/l).
		Since the efficiency of electrowinning falls off as the concentration of metal falls, electrowinning of rinse water is, in general, less efficient that that of ion-exchange regenerant where ion exchange serves to concentrate metal.
	www.pwbrc.org /bmr/ew.htm (2115 words)

	Method for electrowinning a metal using an electrode unit consisting of assembled anode plates and cathode plates and ...
		In the electrowinning of a metal, a plurality of cathode plates and anode plates are altenately arranged at equal intervals.
		In the electrowinning of zinc, which is a typical example of electrowinning, the cathode plates are taken out from the electrolytic cell for stripping of deposited zinc every time one period operation of electrolysis is finished, and again they are immersed in the cell after they have undergone the stripping and other treatments.
		In the method of electrowinning a metal, the number of the electrodes assembled into a unit or the number of units handled in a cycle of operation is arbitrary.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5002642.html (5940 words)

	Printed Wiring Board Industry Project Report - Recycle, Recovery, and Bath Maintenance Technologies \| Design for the ...
		Electrowinning is a common metal recovery technology employed by PWB manufacturers to remove metallic ions from spent process fluids, ion exchange regenerant, and concentrated rinse water (e.g., drag-out rinses).
		An electrowinning unit consists of a rectifier and a reaction chamber that houses anodes and cathodes.
		Electrowinning is also commonly applied to spent gold solutions, gold drag-out and drip tanks, silver-bearing developer and fix solutions, and other copper- or lead-bearing spent solutions (such as strippers or acid dips).
	www.epa.gov /dfe/pubs/pwb/tech_rep/p2_report/p2_sec6.htm (1824 words)

	Electrochemistry Encyclopedia --- Extracting metals from sulfide ores
		In copper electrowinning, the positive, oxygen evolving, electrodes are usually made from lead calcium alloys similar to those used for the grids in lead-acid batteries.
		In an electrolysis cell such as in electrowinning or refining, the negative electrode is the cathode and the positive electrode is the anode.
		Electrowinning was introduced in the second decade of the twentieth century to replace distillation.
	electrochem.cwru.edu /ed/encycl/art-m02-metals.htm (5699 words)

	Electrowinning Summary
		In the field of electrometallurgy, electrorefining and electrowinning (different parts of the same procedure) are important techniques that allow purification of nonferrous (noniron-based) metals to an extreme degree.
		Electrowinning, also called electrorefining or electroextraction, is the electrodeposition of metals from their ores that have been put in solution or liquefied.
		Electrowinning is electroplating on a large scale and is an important technique that allows purification of non-ferrous metals in an economical and straightforward step.
	www.bookrags.com /Electrowinning (1087 words)

	DocCopper's Hydrometallurgical Processing of Copper Page
		Electrolysis or electrowinning of 99.15 to 99.85 percent copper from vat leaching of high grade copper ore was proven feasible in the United States in 1914.
		The recovery of copper from the rich electrolyte occurs by electrowinning.
		Electrowinning consists of the plating of copper onto the cathode and the evolution of oxygen at the anode.
	doccopper.tripod.com /copper/hydro.html (740 words)

	Technical Articles
		Electrowinning of gold from the pregnant solution is done on a batch basis.
		The electrowinning section is especially vulnerable to fires because of the potential for sparks.
		Gold and silver values are recovered from the pregnant solution by electrowinning and the barren solution is reheated and recycled through the stripping vessel.
	www.denvermineral.com /carbonstripping.html (3158 words)

	PF Online Feature Article - Metal Recovery and Wastewater Reduction Using Electrowinning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Electrowinning is an electrolytic technology used to recover metals from electroplating rinse waters.
		For Phase II, electrowinning was determined to be the most feasible technology for All Metals to reduce or eliminate wastewater discharges from the cadmium electroplating operation.
		Since the electrowinning unit was installed, all the rinse tanks have been operated in a stagnant mode, and the temperature of the rinse water in rinse two has been maintained at about 115F, resulting in the evaporative loss of about 15 gpd.
	www.pfonline.com /articles/010005.html (2000 words)

	Kurion UK - EMEW Electrowinning, Precious Metal Recovery
		Based around the globally patented EMEW® Electrowinning cell, the technology has been demonstrated to achieve significantly enhanced performance over a wide range of flows and effluent conditions, and is now implemented in many mining and industrial settings around the world.
		Conventional electrowinning involves placing an anode and cathode into a bath of slowly circulating or stagnant electrolyte.
		With EMEW® Electrowinning, the electrolyte is circulated rapidly past the anode and cathode at a higher flow rate, allowing for improvements in efficiency and the precious metal recovery / metal recovery.
	www.kurion.co.uk /EMEW_Electrowinning.html (386 words)

	12375. ELECTROPLATING/ELECTROWINNING
		The rotating cathode design (normally a rotating metal cylinder onto which metal is electrodeposited) are useful for a variety of electrowinning applications.
		You need to be prepared to run an electrowinning unit much the same as a plating bath, which means additives, buffers, and other things will be required in the case of some metals, such as nickel.
		Lastly, I would tend to stay away from any electrowinning cell that requires the use of raw media (other than reusable substrates like stainless steel or titanium) to plate on to operate.
	www.finishing.com /123/75.shtml (659 words)

	Electrowinning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Electrowinning, also called electrorefining or electroextraction, is the electrodeposition of metals from their ores that have been put in solution or liquefied.
		Electrowinning is electroplating on a large scale and is an important technique that allows purification of non-ferrous metals in an economical and straightforward step.
		Electrorefining was first demonstrated experimentally by von Leuchtenberg in 1847.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electrowinning (513 words)

	3.5.6 Performance Experience
		The average satisfaction level for the electrowinning technology is 3.1 (on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being most satisfactory), which is lower than the average level rating for all recovery technologies.
		The electrowinning system is either connected directly to the drag-out tank or the drag-out is periodically pumped to a side tank for electrowinning.
		For example, PS 128 purchased an electrowinning unit from a manufacturer's representative to recover copper, nickel and chromium (chromium cannot be recovered using electrowinning because very high concentrations of chromium are required for a deposit to form) from a spent nitric acid solution (inappropriate electrolyte).
	www.nmfrc.org /bluebook/sec356.htm (1297 words)

	SX Kinetics, Inc. - Specialists in Solvent Extraction: Electrowinning Pilot Plants
		We design and manufacture electrowinning pilot plants for a wide variety of applications including laboratory and bench scale test programs for electrowinning copper, cobalt, nickel, chromium, zinc and other metals.
		Our electrowinning cells can be operated with various numbers of anodes and cathodes and the level of catholyte in the cell can be adjusted to any level giving complete flexibility in the overall plating area on the cathodes.
		The electrowinning cell is connected to a rectifier with variable DC voltage and amperage output with automatic constant current or constant voltage regulation regardless of resistance changes between the anode to cathode and solution concentration.
	www.sxkinetics.com /ewplants.htm (413 words)

	Electrowinning
		In this final step, the rich electrolyte is pumped through a series of tanks or "cells" in the electrowinning tankhouse.
		Hanging in the tanks are insoluble lead plates, alternating with sheets of thin copper or stainless steel.
		The electrolyte that has passed through the tankhouse, now depleted of its copper, is returned as "lean electrolyte" to the stripping step of the process to begin that cycle again.
	www.phelpsdodge.com /PhelpsDodgeMining/Copper101/electro.html (155 words)

	Trionetics, Inc - RotaCat Electrowinning Systems
		In electroplating, the anodes are typically made up of the same metal being plated out so that they continuously dissolve and provide more metal to be plated out.
		In electrowinning, the anodes are made of precious metal that does not dissolve so that the concentration of metal in solution decreases.
		With the rotating cathodes, plating efficiencies decrease after about 0.5 ppm, so plating down to discharge limits is not feasible.
	www.trionetics.com /rotacat.htm (244 words)

	Metalline Mining Company - Mining Investments, Mining Exploration - Silver, Zinc, Copper
		Solvent Extraction Electrowinning (SXEW) is a hydrometallurgy technology used to extract metals by dissolving the metals in an acid solution.
		Reunion Mining plc in conjunction with Tecnicas Reunidas developed solvent extraction electrowinning for the oxide zinc mineralization at the Skorpion deposit and completed a feasibility study for the deposit.
		Anglo performed a second feasibility study and constructed the mine, SXEW plant and electrowinning refinery, bringing the deposit to production in May of 2003.
	www.metalin.com /zinc_solvent.html (307 words)

	AQUEOUS ELECTROTECHNOLOGIES: PROGRESS IN THEORY AND PRACTICE: II: Zinc and Lead Electrowinning
		This study was conducted at Hudson Bay Mining and Smelting's zinc electrowinning tankhouse to determine the effects of varying levels of antimony and continuous gelatin addition on current efficiency.
		The acid mist control capability of the various reagents was studied and compared by characterizing the foam layer generated during actual electrowinning conditions and by direct quantitative measurements of acid mist levels on top of the electrowinning cells.
		Zinc sulphate electrolyte used for zinc electrowinning must be purified for cobalt ions.
	www.tms.org /Meetings/Annual-97/Program/Sessions/MP231A.html (1873 words)

	TITANOR - Shareholding
		The EMEW® Cell, which forms the core of new system for electrowinning of dissolved metals from their host solutions has really extended the potential usage of electrowinning well beyond the capabilities of conventional plants.
		The high performance is achieved through a hydraulic mechanism, which achieves higher rate of metal ion transport to a cathode than in a conventional electrowinning cells.
		The conventional electrowinning lack flexibility to change in metal concentration, are expensive to construct, and do not suit smaller scale applications.
	www.titanor.com /emew.htm (731 words)

	ELTECH Systems Corporation Plating Anodes ELTECH's DSA® anode coatings are used in many applications, including ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		ELTECH Systems Corporation Plating Anodes ELTECH's DSA® anode coatings are used in many applications, including electro-galvanizing, electrowinning, copper foil production, copper plating on printed wire boards and gravure printing cylinders, tri-valent chrome plating, balancing anodes for soluble anode baths and in metal recovery cells for waste water treatment.
		anode coatings are used in many applications, including electro-galvanizing (high speed continuous sheet strip and wire plating), electrowinning (nickel, cobalt, copper and zinc), copper foil production, copper plating on printed wire boards and gravure printing cylinders, tri-valent chrome plating, balancing anodes for soluble anode baths and in metal recovery cells for waste water treatment.
		Until recently, lead anodes were the accepted anodes of choice for electrowinning applications.
	www.eltechsystems.com /Plating_Chrome_Auxiliary_Anodes.asp (1437 words)

	Anodes for Electrowinning by DocCopper
		Anodes used in the electrowinning of base metals, such as copper and zinc, are almost exclusively lead alloys.
		Stabilization (minimize corrosion) of the Pb-Ca-Sn anodes is maintained by the careful control of cobalt in the electrowinning electrolyte.
		In zinc electrowinning, Pb-Ag is the norm because cobalt addition is not an operation.
	doccopper.tripod.com /copper/ewanode.htm (224 words)

	GoldSpring Update: Direct Electrowinning (EMEW) Gold and Silver Recovery Plant Has Arrived at Plum and is in Final ...
		VIRGINIA CITY, Nev., March 10, 2004 -- GoldSpring, Inc.'s (OTC Bulletin Board: GSPG) Direct Electrowinning (EMEW) gold and silver metals recovery plant announced on February 23rd it has arrived at the Plum Mining Cyanide heap leach facility and is in the final stage of set-up.
		Technical representatives of Electrowinning International of Vancouver have been at Plum for the past week and a factory representative from Australia will arrive next week to oversee and finalize operations.
		There are approximately 80,000 tons of mined ore at the stockpile and on the leach pad.
	www.ereleases.com /pr/2004-03-10e.html (529 words)

	Electrowinning: Electrometals Technologies Australia - Copper, Nickel Electrowinning
		Electrometals (ASX Code EMM) is a world leader in the development and supply of electrowinning technology, and have spent many years bringing from concept to commercial availability an electrowinning technology which successfully overcomes many of the process and cost limitations which plague conventional electrowinning plants.
		Based around the globally patented EMEW® cell, the technology has been demonstrated to achieve significantly enhanced performance over a wide range of flows and effluent conditions, and is now implemented in many mining and industrial settings around the world.
		To find out more about the benefits of the EMEW® technology, or general information on Electrometals Technologies Limited please contact us.
	electrowinning.com /index.html (113 words)

	R&S PRECIOUS AND BASE METALS: Copper
		Our "Full Service" expertise in the design, construction, and commissioning of projects attests to the benefits of this partnering relationship.
		Five-9's grade copper can be produced by heap leach technology applied to low-grade copper bearing oxide ore and processed by solvent extraction and electrowinning (SX-EW).
		The project included crushing facilities, conveying systems, and a processing plant with solvent extraction / electrowinning technology.
	www.r-s.com /PBM/PBMC.htm (199 words)

	The Metallurgical Society of CIM
		Copper electrowinning is a key component of the hydrometallurgical approach, and the 15 electrowinning papers contained in this volume summarize the present status of the industry and outline many of the supporting research activities.
		Energy costs are an important component of any electrowinning process, and new anodes are being developed to reduce energy costs and to provide more sustained production.
		Stainless steel plating technology is illustrated along with techniques to monitor and control the impurities in the electrolyte.
	www.metsoc.org /library/info/vol3.asp (1022 words)

	SX Kinetics, Inc. - Specialists in Solvent Extraction and Electrowinning Pilot Plants
		SX Kinetics, Inc. - Specialists in Solvent Extraction and Electrowinning Pilot Plants
		SX Kinetics, the global leader in the design and manufacture of solvent extraction and electrowinning pilot plants, has completed over 100 projects in 16 countries for the separation, purification, and recovery of 26 different metals.
		Founded on two decades of experience in the development of innovative hydrometallurgical processes, SX Kinetics has focused on extending and advancing the application of solvent extraction and electrowinning.
	sxkinetics.com /index.htm (118 words)

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