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Topic: Element naming controversy

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Transuranic element

Systematic element name

Chemical elements named after people

Chemical element

Unnilquadium

Unnilpentium

Seaborgium

Group 6 element

Chemical elements named after places

Systematic name

Unniloctium

Periodic table group

Discoveries of the chemical elements

Unnilseptium

Organic nomenclature

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	Hassium - Hs 108 \| Element 108 of the Periodic Table
		The name hassium was proposed by Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg.
		It is derived from the Latin name for the German state of Hessen where the institute for Heavy Ion Research is located.
		In 1997 however, the name hassium was adopted.
	www.hassium.info (221 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Element naming controversy (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The names for the chemical elements 104 to 108 have been the subject of a major controversy starting in the 1960s which was only finally resolved in 1997.
		The three groups which conflicted over elemental naming were an American group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, a Russian group at Dubna, and a German group.
		Element 104 was named after Igor Kurchatov who was father of the Russian atomic bomb, and this was one reason the name was objectionable to the Americans.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/el/Element_naming_controversy (348 words)

	Dubnium: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		Dubnium (named after Dubna[?], Russia) was reportly first synthesized in early 1970 by Albert Ghiorso in Dubna, Russia.
		The element was synthesized by bombarding a target californium-249 with a beam of 84 MeV nitrogen nuclei in particle accelerator.
		Atoms of element 105 were detected conclusively on March 5, 1970 but there is evidence that this element had already been formed at Berkeley a year earlier using the same method.
	www.encyclopedian.com /du/Dubnium.html (451 words)

	Mirror for Internet Encyclopedia - Wikinfo \| Element naming controversy (Site not responding. Last check: )
		At Issue was the convention that elements are named by their discoverers
		The three groups which conflicted Over elemental naming were an American group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, a Russian group at Dubna, and a German group at Darmstadt.
		Element 104 was named after Igor Kurchatov who was father of the
	www.internet-encyclopedia.us /index.php/wiki.php?title=Element_naming_controversy (430 words)

	Chemical element (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The atomic mass of an element, A, is measured in unified atomic mass units (u) is the average mass of all the atoms of the element in an environment of interest (usually the earth's crust and atmosphere).
		The 23 elements not found on earth are derived artificially; the first purportedly synthesized element was technetium, in 1937, although the trace amounts of naturally occurring technetium were not known then.
		Lists of the elements by name, by symbol, by atomic number, by density, by melting point, and by boiling point as well as Ionization energies of the elements are available.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/c/ch/chemical_element.html (1476 words)

	Element_naming_controversy - The Wordbook Encyclopedia
		The names for the chemical elements 104 to 109 were the subject of a major controversy starting in the 1960s which was finally resolved in 1997.
		Element 104 was named after Igor Kurchatov who was father of the Russian atomic bomb and this was one reason the name was objectionable to the Americans (yet Americans who worked on the atomic bomb, among them Einstein, had elements named for them).
		The discovery of these elements and their names were kept secret under Cold War era nuclear secrecy rules, however, and thus the names were not known by the public or the broader scientific community until after the deaths of Fermi and Einstein.
	www.thewordbook.com /Element_naming_controversy (725 words)

	Chemistry - Chemical element
		However, atoms of the same element may differ in the number of neutrons, and are known as isotopes of the element.
		The atomic mass of an element, A, is measured in atomic mass units (amu) and is roughly equal to the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of the element.
		The official names of the chemical elements are decided by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, which generally adopts the name chosen by the discoverer.
	www.chemistrydaily.com /chemistry/Chemical_elements (602 words)

	Element naming controversy - Definition up Erdmond.Com
		The names for the chemical_elements 104 to 108 have been the subject of a major controversy starting in the 1960s which was only finally resolved in 1997.
		The names preferred by the Americans were :104 - rutherfordium :105 - hahnium :106 - seaborgium The names preferred by the Russians were :104 - kurchatovium :105 - nielsbohrium Element 104 was named after Igor_Kurchatov who was father of the Russian atomic_bomb, and this was one reason the name was objectionable to the Americans.
		The American name to 106 was objectionable to some because Glenn_T._Seaborg was still alive and hence his name could not be used for an element in accordance with the IUPAC rules.
	www.erdmond.com /Element_naming_controversy.html (480 words)

	Seaborgium - Glasgledius (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Element 106 was discovered almost simultaneously by two different laboratories.
		An element naming controversy erupted and as a result IUPAC adopted Unnilhexium (symbol Unh) as a temporary name for this element.
		In 1997, as part of a compromise involving elements 104 to 108 the name seaborgium for element 106 was recognized internationally.
	www.glasglow.com /E2/se/Seaborgium.html (179 words)

	Periodic Table : Periodic properties : Names and symbols: Definition
		The origins of the names of the elements are given in refs.
		Names for elements 110-112 have yet to be proposed.
		WebElements uses the temporary IUPAC names ununbium (Uub) for element 112, ununtrium (Uut) for element 113, ununquadium (Uuq) for element 114, ununpentium (Uup) for element 115, ununhexium (Uuh) for element 116, ununseptium (Uus) for element 117, and ununoctium (Uuo) for element 118.
	www.webelements.com /webelements/scholar/properties/definitions/name.html (415 words)

	News \| Gainesville.com \| The Gainesville Sun \| Gainesville, Fla. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A controversy or dispute is a matter of opinion over which parties actively disagree, argue, or debate.
		Controversial issues are held as potentially divisive in a given society, because they can lead to tension and ill will.
		Some controversies are considered taboo to many people, unless a society can find a common ground to share and discuss its people's feelings on a certain controversial issue.
	www.gainesville.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Controversy (531 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Dubnium
		Dubnium (named after Dubna, Russia) was reportedly first synthesized in 1967 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia (reportedly producing element 105-260 and element 105-261 by bombarding americium-243 with neon-22).
		The American team synthesized the element by bombarding a target californium-249 with a beam of 84 MeV nitrogen nuclei in the Heavy Ion Linear Accelerator (a particle accelerator), which produced element 105-260 with a half-life of 1.6 seconds.
		They proposed that the new element should be named hahnium (symbol Ha) in honor of the late German scientist Otto Hahn.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Dubnium (475 words)

	Omnipelagos.com ~ article "Hassium"
		The name hassium was proposed by them, derived from the Latin (language) name for the German state of Hessen where the institute is located.
		There was an element naming controversy as to what the elements from 101 to 109 were to be called; thus IUPAC adopted unniloctium (IPA:, symbol Uno) as a temporary, systematic element name for this element.
		The name hassium was adopted internationally, however, in 1997.
	www.omnipelagos.com /entry?n=hassium (190 words)

	The Economist
		In fields from astronomy to zoology, names have as much to do with scoring political points, maintaining arcane traditions, settling scores, and making bad jokes as they do with labelling things in an unambiguous manner, which is supposedly their purpose.
		The rules against the naming of an element after a living person were bent, and element 106 is today still known as seaborgium—an honour that Dr Seaborg himself claims to value even more than his Nobel prize.
		If the new genus has a feminine-sounding name and the old genus sounded masculine, the name of the species may have to be changed to agree with the ending of the new genus.
	www.astro.com /swisseph/econ4686.htm (1651 words)

	Element naming controversy - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Indeed, IUPAC decided that the credit for the discovery of element 106 should be shared between Berkeley and Dubna but the Dubna group had not come forward with a name.
		But in 1999 Glenn T. Seaborg died disputing the name change for #105 and was adamant about it remaining known as hahnium.
		His reason concerning Dubna in Russia was that he believed that they made a false claim on an element that they got credit for.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Element_naming_controversy (419 words)

	Adamant: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		Sometimes known as adamant, it is the hardest known naturally occurring material, scoring 10 on...is described as adamantine, which simply means diamond-like.
		...the name change for #105 and was adamant about it remaining known as hahnium.
		For instance, in Tolkien's Lord of the Rings, Galadriel's ring Nenya is also named the "Ring of Adamant".
	www.encyclopedian.com /ad/Adamant.html (316 words)

	Ununtrium
		Ununtrium is the temporary name of an unconfirmed synthetic element in the periodic table that has the temporary symbol Uut and has the atomic number 113.
		Ununtrium is a temporary IUPAC systematic element name.
		There is an ongoing element naming controversy over what this element should be called.
	www.abacci.com /wikipedia/topic.aspx?cur_title=Ununtrium (121 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		All transactinide elements are also transuranium elements, that is, have an atomic number greater than that of uranium (92), an actinide.
		The transactinide elements all have electrons in the 6d subshell in their ground state (and thus are placed in the d-block).
		Transactinide elements are all named after either nuclear physicists or important locations involved in the synthesis of the elements.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=transactinide (384 words)

	KN@PPSTER
		"Controversial" is insufficiently descriptive of the issues which this article raises and attempts to dispose of.
		These rulings may stem from a determination that a person is inherently developmentally disabled, or that he or she has become incompetent due to mental illness or age- induced mental infirmity.
		This logic, however, is not generally applied to "age of consent." The arbitrary age marker is sacrosanct; if a statutory "adult" is accused of engaging in sexual acts with a statutory "child," the defense that the "child" in question is, for all practical purposes, an "adult" may not be presented to a jury for consideration.
	knappster.blogspot.com (5481 words)

	Regendered: Element naming controversy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Element 104 was named after Igor Kurchatov who was mother of the Russian atomic bomb and this was one reason the name was objectionable to the Americans (yet Americans who worked on the atomic bomb, among them Einstein, had elements named for them).
		The American name to 106 was objectionable to some because Glenda T. Seaborg was still alive and handing out autographed periodic tables and hence her name could not be used for an element in accordance with the IUPAC rules.
		Both einsteinium and fermium were proposed as names of new elements discovered by Alberta Ghiorso, Seaborg and the other American co-discoverers of those elements while Fermi and Einstein were still living.
	www.regender.com /swap/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_naming_controversy (682 words)

	Systematic element name: Encyclopedia of chemistry, analytics & pharmaceutics with 64,564 entries.
		The temporary names are derived systematically from the element's atomic number.
		All elements up to and including atomic number 111 have received permanent trivial names and symbols, so the use of systematic names and symbols is recommended only for elements 112 and above.
		As of 2006, ununoctium, element 118, is the highest element known.
	www.chemie.de /lexikon/e/Systematic_element_name (372 words)

	Chemical element hydrogen as of 2004 allotropes element naming controversy alloy Discovery of the chemical elements ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Chemical element hydrogen as of 2004 allotropes element naming controversy alloy Discovery of the chemical elements Systematic element name Elements song Chemical elements named after people ChemGlobe
		The smallest particle of such an element is an atom, which consists of electrons centered around a nucleus of protons and neutrons.
		Hydrogen is the simplest, lightest element in the universe.
	en.powerwissen.com /mk1rmdNnTxkSwMJTuydu4A%3D%3D_Chemical_element.html (1182 words)

	Systematic element name : Systamic element names
		The IUPAC uses a systematic naming system for new chemical elements.
		In the case of elements 104 and higher, this has been a protracted and highly political process (see element naming controversy).
		(Ubt) Element 208 2(bi) + 0(nil) + 8(oct) + ium = Biniloctium[?].
	www.wordlist.org /sy/systamic-element-names.html (160 words)

	IUPAC . Element naming controversy . Periodic table group (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It is the recognized authority in developing standards for the naming of chemical compounds, through its Interdivisional Committee on Nomenclature and Symbols IUPAC nomenclature.
		At issue was the convention that elements are named by their...
		A periodic table group is a vertical column in the periodic table of the chemical elements.
	www.uk.fraquisanto.net /IUPAC (326 words)

	Interactive Periodic Table (Site not responding. Last check: )
		There was an element naming controversy as to what the elements from 101 to 109 were to be called; thus IUPAC adopted unnilseptium (symbol Uns) as a temporary name for this element.
		While this conforms to the names of other elements honoring individuals, where only the surname is taken, it was opposed by many who were concerned that it could be confused with boron.
		Despite this, the name bohrium for element 107 was recognized internationally in 1997.
	mendeleev-table.com /bh.html (303 words)

	Controversy Information
		Controversies can range from private disputes between two to large scale disagreements.
		Present-day areas of controversy include religion, politics, art, war, property, social class, taxes, and most recently in sports.
		Controversy in matters of theology has traditionally been particularly heated, giving rise to odium theologicum.
	www.bookrags.com /Controversy (463 words)

	Element: Miscellaneous
		Connection strings that are contained in a parent configuration file are inherited, unless the clear element is used in the child configuration file.
		An element's scrollHeight is a measurement of the height of an element's content given for a certain width of such element viewport.
		The scrollHeight of an element is reverse proportional to its CSS width.
	www.lycos.com /info/element--miscellaneous.html (213 words)

	Rutherfordium
		The Berkeley group proposed for the new element the name Rutherfordium (symbol Rf), in honor of Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand physicist who is known as the "father" of nuclear physics.
		This resulted in an element naming controversy; since the Soviets claimed that it was first detected in Dubna, dubnium (Db) was suggested, as was kurchatovium (symbol Ku) for element 104, in honor of Igor Vasilevich Kurchativ (1903 - 1960), late head of Soviet nuclear research.
		Evidence of element 104 was first detected at the Joint Nuclear Research Institute at Dubna (USSR) in 1964 by bombarding plutonium with accelerated 113 to 115 MeV neon ions.
	www.3rd1000.com /elements/Rutherfordium.htm (845 words)

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