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	Louis XVIII of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Louis-Stanislas-Xavier was born on November 18, 1755 in the Palace of Versailles, Versailles, France, the fourth son of Louis, dauphin de France and Marie-Josèphe of Saxony, and grandson of Louis XV of France and his Queen consort Maria Leszczyńska.
		At birth, he received the title of Comte de Provence but after his brother's accession to the throne he was generally known as "Monsieur," the standard title of the eldest brother of the King.
		However, the assassination of the Duc de Berry, the ultrareactionary son of Louis's ultrareactionary brother (and heir-presumptive) the Comte d'Artois, in February 1820, caused Decazes's fall from power and the Triumph of the Ultras.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Louis_XVIII_of_France (908 words)

	DECAZES
		He studied law, became a judge in the tribunal of the Seine in 1806, was attached to the cabinet of Louis Bonaparte in 1807, and was counsel to the court of appeal at Paris in 1811.
		At first, as minister of police he had to suppress the insurrections provoked by the ultra Royalists (the White Terror); then, after the resignation of the duc de Richelieu, he took the actual direction of the ministry, although the nominal president was General JJPA Dessolle (1767-1828).
		Decazes was denounced as the new Sejanus, the modern Catiline; and when, on February 13, the duke of Berry was murdered, clamorous tongues loudly accused him of being an accomplice in the crime.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/DECAZES (739 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ãlie, comte Decazes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Elie, Comte (later Duc) Decazes (1788 - October 24, 1860), was a French statesman.
		As minister of police, he had to suppress the insurrections provoked by the ultra Royalists (the White Terror); after the resignation of the duc de Richelieu, he took the actual direction of the ministry, although the nominal president was General JJPA Dessolles.
		Decazes simultaneously held the portfolio of the interior.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/%C9lie,-comte-Decazes (1491 words)

	AllRefer.com - Charles X, king of France (French History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		The event caused the fall of the ministry of Elie Decazes and the advent of the comte de VillEle, who continued as chief minister after Charles's accession.
		However, his dissolution (Mar., 1830) of the liberal chamber of deputies and his drastic July Ordinances, establishing rigid control of the press, dissolving the newly elected chamber, and restricting suffrage, resulted in the July Revolution.
		Charles abdicated in favor of his grandson, the comte de Chambord, and embarked for England.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/C/Charles10Fr.html (458 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Comte, Auguste Comte, Augusteōgüst´ kôNt, 1798-1857, French philosopher, founder of the school of philosophy known as positivism, educated in Paris.
		Saxe, Maurice, comte de Saxe, Maurice, comte demōrēs´ kôNt de säks, 1696-1750, marshal of France, one of the greatest generals of his age.
		Angoul?, Charles de Valois, comte d'Auvergne, duc d' Angoulême, Charles de Valois, comte d'Auvergne, duc d'shärl de välwä´ kôNt dōvĕrn´ye dük däNgoolĕm´, 1573-1650, illegitimate son of King Charles IX of France.
	www.encyclopedia.com /searchpool.asp?target=Elie,+Comte+Decazes (531 words)

	Élie Decazes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		His formula was "to royalize France and to nationalize the monarchy." The Moderates were in a minority in the chamberof 1815, but Decazes persuaded Louis XVIII to dissolve the house, and the elections ofOctober 1816 gave them a majority.
		The exclusion of Grégoire from the chamber and the changes in the franchise embittered the Radicals without reconciling the "Ultras." The news of therevolution in Spain in January 1820 made matters worse; the foolish and criminal policy of the royal favourite had begun anotherrevolution.
		Decazes was denounced as the new Sejanus, the modern Catiline ; and when, on February13, the duke of Berry was murdered, clamorous tongues loudly accused him of being an accomplice in the crime.
	www.therfcc.org /%C9lie-decazes-130208.html (725 words)

	Louis XVIII of France
		King Louis' chief ministers were at first moderate, including Armand Emmanuel, Duc de Richelieu, and Élie Decazes.
		The ultraroyalists, led by Louis's brother, the Comte d'Artois (later King Charles X), triumphed after the assassination of the count's son, Charles Ferdinand, duc de Berry.
		The new ministry headed by the Comte de Villèle was thoroughly reactionary.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/l/lo/louis_xviii_of_france.html (304 words)

	The Failed Restration of 1873 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Certainly Decazes and Haussonville hoped that the Comte de Chambord would now abdicate to the Comte de Paris and thus effect the Orléanist restoration that they had always sought; the Comte de Paris himself said nothing in the face of this disastrous blow to reconciliation and restoration.
		The Comte de Chambord was now faced with a fateful choice and, fully conscious of the reality of the political divisions even among the monarchists, despite his gesture to the Comte de Paris, decided to reject the uncertain compromise.
		The Comte de Chambord in his will of 5 July 1883 had named his nephew the duke of Parma his universal heir, with the reserve for the enjoyment first of his widow, with many individual legacies to other family members, including the duke of Madrid, who was bequeathed the collars of the Orders.
	www.chivalricorders.org /royalty/bourbon/france/success/failed_restoration1873.htm (3727 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Choiseul, C?r, comte Du Plessis-Praslin, duc de Choiseul, César, comte Du Plessis-Praslin, duc desāzär´ kôNt dü plĕsē-prälăN´ dük de shwäzöl´, 1598-1675, marshal of France, diplomat, and soldier.
		Chambord, Henri Charles Ferdinand Marie Dieudonn?comte de Chambord, Henri Charles Ferdinand Marie Dieudonné, comte deäNrē´ shärl fĕrdēnäN´ märē´ dyödônā´ kôNt de shäNbôr´, 1820-83, Bourbon claimant to the French throne, posthumous son of Charles Ferdinand, duc de Berry.
		Dunois, Jean, comte de Dunois, Jean, comte dezhäN kôNt de dünwä´, c.1403-1468, French general, called the Bastard of Orléans; natural son of Louis, duc d'Orléans.
	www.encyclopedia.com /search.asp?target=Elie,+Comte+Decazes&rc=10&fh=11&fr=11 (572 words)

	All words on Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu
		He was born in Paris, the son of Louis Antoine du Plessis, duc de Fronsac and grandson of the marshal de Richelieu (1696-1788).
		The comte de Chinon, as the heir to the Richelieu honors was called, was married at fifteen to Rosalie de Rochechouart, a deformed child of twelve, with whom his relations were never more than formal.
		After the murder of the duc de Berry and the enforced retirement of Decazes, he again became president of the council (February 21, 1821); but his position was untenable owing to the attacks of the Ultras on the one side and the Liberals on the other, and on December 12 he again resigned.
	www.allwords.org /ar/armand-emmanuel-du-plessis,-duc-de-richelieu.html (1051 words)

	July Revolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Martignac's accession to power, however, had only meant personal concessions from Charles X, not any concession of principle: he supported his ministry but was no real stand-by.
		The Liberals, on the other hand, made bargains for supporting the moderate royalists, and Charles X profited by this to form a fighting ministry in conjunction with the prince de Polignac, one of the émigrés, an ignorant and visionary person, and the comte de Bourmont, the traitor of Waterloo.
		Despite all kinds of warnings, de Polignac tried by a coup d'état to put into practice his theories of the supremacy of the royal prerogative: and the Battle of Navarino, the French occupation of the Morea, and the Algerian expedition could not make the nation forget this conflict at home.
	1-free-software.com /en/wikipedia/j/ju/july_revolution.html (1136 words)

	charles x (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The event caused the fall of the ministry of Élie Decazes and the rise of the Comte de Villèle, who continued as chief minister after Charles became king.
		Charles abdicated in favor of his grandson, the Comte de Chambord, and left for England.
		However, the Duc d'Orléans, whom Charles had appointed Lieutenant-General of France, was chosen as "King of the French." He reigned as Louis Philippe.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Charles_X.html (415 words)

	physics - Louis XVIII of France
		Louis-Stanislas-Xavier was born on November 17, 1755 in the Palace of Versailles, Versailles, France, the fourth son of Louis, dauphin de France, and grandson of King Louis XV and Marie Leszczynska.
		King Louis' chief ministers were at first moderate, including Talleyrand, the Duc de Richelieu, and Élie Decazes, and Louis himself followed a cautious, moderate policy, hoping that moderation would insure the continuation of the dynasty.
		However, the liberals ultimately proved just as unmanageable,, and by 1820 Decazes and the King were looking to revise the electoral laws again to insure a more conservative majority.
	www.physicsdaily.com /physics/Louis_XVIII_of_France (938 words)

	Richelieu, Armand Emmanuel du Plessis, duc de. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Made chief minister of France by King Louis XVIII after the Hundred Days (1815), he secured the quick payment by France of the indemnity imposed by the second Treaty of Paris (1815) and thus hastened the evacuation of occupation troops.
		In his domestic policy, Richelieu favored leniency toward the ex-revolutionists and Bonapartists, thus displeasing the ultraroyalists headed by the king’s brother, the comte d’Artois (later King Charles X).
		Richelieu resigned in 1818, but returned to power in 1820, after the murder of the duc de Berry caused the fall of Élie Decazes.
	www.bonus.com /contour/bartlettqu/http@@/www.bartleby.com/65/ri/RichelAEP.html (224 words)

	AllRefer.com - Berry, Charles Ferdinand, duc de (French History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Berry, Charles Ferdinand, duc de[shArl ferdEnAN´, dUk du berE´] Pronunciation Key, 1778–1820, younger son of Charles, comte d'Artois (later Charles X of France).
		His assassination during the reign of King Louis XVIII : an attempt to extinguish the Bourbon line : gave the ultraroyalists the opportunity to turn Louis XVIII against the liberals.
		Berry's posthumous son was Henri, comte de Chambord.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/B/BerryCha.html (211 words)

	Royal News 2002, Section III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Comte François-Elzéar de Vogüé (son of Comte Bernard de Vogüé [himself the son of Comte François de Vogüé (1894-1964) and of his wife, Clotilde de Durfort-Civrac (1897-1995)] and of his wife, née Sibille Hélène Clémentine Marie Béatrice Agathine de Castellane-Majastre) and his wife had a son, Paul, born at Grenoble on 11 June.
		Comte Robert de Nicolay (son of Comte René de Nicolay and of Princess Pia Maria of Orléans-Braganza) and his wife, Princess Nathalie Murat (daughter of Prince Napoléon Murat and of Inès d'Albert de Luynes) had their second son and fifth child, Comte Christian de Nicolay, on 11 January.
		Comte Guillaume de Briey and his wife, née Comtesse Auriane d'Oultremont (daughter of Comte Eric d'Oultremont [himself the son of Comte Paul d'Oultremont (1882-1939) and of his wife, Comtesse Madeleine d'Ursel (1901-1994)] and of his wife, née Donna Isabelle Imperiali dei Principi di Francavilla) had their third child, Lancelot-Amaury, on 21 June.
	pages.prodigy.net /ptheroff/2002_3.html (10866 words)

	Charles X of France - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		He was not comfortable with the ultra-Protestant environment of the city and spent most of his time behind the palace walls, although he was by no means rude to the locals.
		Communication between Charles and his surviving brother, the Comte de Provence, living in Lithuania, was particularly strained once it became apparent that Charles was utterly indifferent to his brother's financial problems.
		However, the liberal, bourgeois-controlled Chamber of Deputies refused to confirm the Comte de Chambord as Henri V. In a vote largely boycotted by conservative deputies, the body declared the French throne vacant, and elevated Louis-Philippe, duc d'Orleans, to power.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=62531 (1387 words)

	Charles X, king of France. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		He left France (July, 1789) at the outbreak of the French Revolution and became a leading spirit of the émigré party.
		The event caused the fall of the ministry of Élie Decazes and the advent of the comte de Villèle, who continued as chief minister after Charles’s accession.
		Among the many attempts of Charles and Villèle to reestablish elements of the ancien régime, as the prerevolutionary order is called, the law (1825) indemnifying the émigrés for lands confiscated during the Revolution and measures increasing the power of the clergy met with particular disapproval.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ch/Charles10Fr.html (356 words)

	Louis XVIII, king of France. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Known as the comte de Provence, he fled (1791) to Koblenz from the French Revolution and intrigued to bring about foreign intervention against the revolutionaries.
		Forced to flee once more on the news of the return of Napoleon I, he returned with the allies (1815) after the defeat at Waterloo had ended Napoleon’s rule of a Hundred Days.
		His chief ministers were at first moderates—Armand Emmanuel, duc de Richelieu, and Élie Decazes—but the ultraroyalists, led by Louis’s brother, the comte d’Artois (later Charles X), triumphed after the assassination (1820) of the count’s son, Charles Ferdinand, duc de Berry.
	www.bartleby.com /65/lo/Louis18Fr.html (286 words)

	ELIE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Search the ELIE Family Message Boards at Ancestry.com (if available).
		Search the ELIE Family Resource Center at RootsWeb.com (if available).
		Find graves of people named ELIE at Find-a-Grave.com (or add one that you know).
	www.worldhistory.com /surname/US/E/ELIE.htm (73 words)

	Expositions of the Restoration
		And so on January 13, Elie Decazes, Minister of the Interior, presented to Louis XVIII plan for the fifth national exposition, to take place in the Louvre over the course of some 36 days.
		Decazes sent out circulars to the prefects of all districts in France, stipulating in general terms what kind of products would be acceptable for the exposition.
		In spite of the self-congratulatory notices appended to all the official reports of the exposition, at least one voice was raised – anonymously – that questioned the management and the supposed glorious effects of the exposition.
	charon.sfsu.edu /publications/ParisExpositions/RestorationExpos.html (4821 words)

	French Revolution/Napoleon Bonaparte Time Line
		Mirabeau-In 1789, Honore Gabriel Riquetti Comte de Mirabeau was elected a delegate of the third estate for Aix-en-Provence in the States-General.
		His main ministers were Armand Emmanuel, duc de Richelieu, and Élie Decazes, but soon a group led by his brother the comte d`Artois, or Charles X, called the ultraroyalists took after the assassination of Charles Ferdinand, duc de Berry in 1820.
		Lead by the comte de Villèle, the new ministry was completely reactionary.
	members.fortunecity.com /tsbarton/timeline.htm (7310 words)

	Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Louis was the fourth son of the dauphin Louis, the son of Louis XV, and received the title comte de Provence; after the death of his two elder brothers and the accession of his remaining elder brother as Louis XVI in 1774, he became heir presumptive.
		With little concern for the safety of Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette, who were held captive in Paris, the Comte de Provence issued uncompromising counterrevolutionary manifestos, organized émigré associations, and sought the support of other monarchs in the fight against the Revolution.
		Influenced by his favourite, Élie Decazes, who became prime minister in 1819, the King opposed the extremism of the ultras, who were determined to wipe out every vestige of the Revolution, and he dissolved the parliament in September 1816.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/print_toc?tocId=9049071 (519 words)

	Isaac Singer -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As a (A resident of Lesbos) lesbian she became involved with (additional info and facts about Violet Trefusis) Violet Trefusis from 1923 on.
		Another of Isaacs daughters, Isabelle-Blanche (born 1869) married Elie, duc Decazes ((additional info and facts about Daisy Fellowes) Daisy Fellowes was their daughter).
		A brother to Winnaretta and Isabelle, Paris Singer, had a child by (United States dancer and pioneer of modern dance (1878-1927)) Isadora Duncan.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/I/Is/Isaac_Singer.htm (1705 words)

	French colonists - New Zealand in History
		It was not easy at first to convince France of the benefits of the Compagnie Nanto-Bordelaise's proposal, although the Prime Minister Marèchal Soult accepted support for Langlois' project from the start.
		However, just one month before the "Comte de Paris" left France, the British signed the Treaty of Waitangi with Māori Chieftains, at the Bay of Islands in the North Island, on 6th February 1840.
		Armand Isidore (born on the "Comte de Paris" on 23rd April 1840.
	www.history-nz.org /colonisation4.html (1337 words)

	Charles X, king of France
		He left France (July, 1789) at the outbreak of the French Revolution and became a leading spirit of the
		However, his dissolution (Mar., 1830) of the liberal chamber of deputies and his drastic July Ordinances, establishing rigid control of the press, dissolving the newly elected chamber, and restricting suffrage, resulted in the
		Charles abdicated in favor of his grandson, the comte de
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0811439.html (261 words)

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