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Topic: Embarcadero Freeway

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	San Francisco's Freeway Plan
		I-280 was originally to follow the Junipero Serra and Park Presidio freeways toward the Golden Gate Bridge; a junction with an extended I-80 was deleted in the mid-1950s.
		The Southern Freeway routing to I-80 at the Bay Bridge was adopted in 1961.
		I-480: A section of the Embarcadero Freeway north of the Bay Bridge did actually get built, but was damaged during the 1989 Loma Prieta quake and later torn down.
	www.kurumi.com /roads/3di/sanfran.html (670 words)

	Chapter Three: Strategies (Continued)
		One of the greatest consequences of the freeway on the urban environment is traffic-related noise; the average freeway, with noises emanating from the engines, exhaust pipes, tires, aerodynamic resistance, horns, radios and the like, produces a level of noise that can be extremely undesirable for communities adjacent to the freeway.
		Freeway Park which straddles Interstate 5 in downtown Seattle is an excellent example; it allows the freeway to “give something back” to the city it bisects and better integrates the freeway into its urban surroundings by providing for multiple uses of a right of way that would otherwise be exclusively the domain of automobiles.
		Freeway maintenance that does not directly relate to the flow of traffic is simply not seen as a priority among state DOTs; as a popular saying among people in the highway profession goes, “there are no ribbon cuttings for maintenance” (Langdon 1997: 26-35).
	www.mindspring.com /~tbgray/prch3b.htm (5337 words)

	Interstate 480 California @ Interstate-Guide.com
		A freeway revolt in the mid-1960s caused most freeway construction within the city to grind to a halt, and the northern end of Interstate 280 was shifted toward the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge.
		Interstate 480 was downgraded to California 480 because the Embarcadero Freeway was truncated at the Sansome Street/Battery Street couplet near Broadway in 1965.
		The California 480 freeway obstructed views of the bay from the city, and its two levels dominated the skyline of the city as seen from the bay and Yerba Buena Island.
	www.interstate-guide.com /i-480_ca.html (939 words)

	Embarcadero Freeway (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Considered a blight to the community, blocking the views of the Bay from groundlevel near the Embarcadero, the 480 served as a reminder of the worst of the Freeway Revolt from the time construction stopped in 1966, to the end of its existance in 1990.
		By 1966, opposition to the Embarcadero grew, and although marked as "proposed" on a 1967 Rand McNally atlas, construction stopped at Broadway, which the route would be signed for until its demise.
		Contrary to popular belief, there was very little earthquake damage to the Freeway in 1989; but because of the public opposition to its existance, this was used as a convenient excuse to finally demolish the routing in 1990.
	www.freehostsltd.com.cob-web.org:8888 /sites/sanfrancisco/emb.htm (303 words)

	Embarcadero San Francisco Waterfront and Ferry Building History, Pictures
		Recently transformed with the removal of the elevated Embarcadero Freeway the area is home to many popular restaurants and hotels.
		The double-decked Embarcadero Freeway — extensively damaged in the Oct. 17, 1989, Loma Prieta earthquake — has been demolished and replaced with plazas, walks, parks, and public pier access, which give visitors and residents the chance to enjoy the spectacular waterfront setting.
		Pier 7, near the Waterfront Restaurant on the Embarcadero, is said to be one of the better fishing piers in San Francisco.
	www.inetours.com /Pages/SFNbrhds/Embarcadero.html (714 words)

	AsianWeek: Save the Central Freeway -- Vote Yes on J (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		When the Embarcadero Freeway was torn down, it opened up a major view corridor to the bay.
		Moreover, the Embarcadero Freeway carried a fraction of the commuter traffic as compared to the Central Freeway.
		The Central Freeway, also known as part of U.S. 101, is a major regional component to our Bay Area transportation system, not only taking drivers to the northern and western parts of town, but also serving traffic moving north and south to other parts of Hwy.
	www.asianweek.com /1999_10_28/opinion_centralfreeway.html (869 words)

	San Francisco CITYSCAPE :: the online journal of bay area urban design [ Projects: Octavia Boulevard ] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		That same year, the Freeway Revolt scored its first and greatest victory as the Board of Supervisors voted unanimously to cancel all but three of the planned freeways, including the rest of the Central.
		The freeway was torn down between 1991 and 1993; today a six-lane boulevard with historic streetcars in its median lies in its old path, and there's a plaza at the foot of Market Street.
		But traffic on the freeway backed up at the stop light at Fell; and while Market may be the city's main street, with its transit islands and two lanes reserved for streetcars, it's not a major thoroughfare.
	www.sfcityscape.com /projects/octavia.html (1814 words)

	Driving Lessons \| News \| City \| The Stranger, Seattle's Only Newspaper
		In 1989, San Francisco faced a similar dilemma: The two-level elevated Embarcadero Freeway, which citizens voted to preserve in 1986, was badly damaged in the Loma Prieta earthquake, leading city leaders to close it down and forcing car traffic to find another way through the city.
		Despite the nightmare scenarios painted by those who opposed its demolition, the Embarcadero today is a relatively uncrowded, six-lane surface thoroughfare: it carries 16,000 vehicles a day (compared to a previous level of up to 110,000), with the remaining trips either eliminated or distributed onto city streets.
		Business interests in nearby Chinatown said the freeway was essential to their neighborhood; advocates for industry held out hope that San Francisco's declining maritime businesses would one day recover; downtown workers didn't want to lose parking under the freeway; and highway commuters complained that they would lose their stunning views of the bay.
	www.thestranger.com /seattle/Content?oid=25634 (1221 words)

	Interstate 480 Freeway Plan
		Until its demolition in 1990, the hated Embarcadero Freeway was the most striking example of this interurban freeway plan.
		However, this freeway stub was the beginning of a much larger plan to build a direct freeway link between the Bay and Golden Gate Bridge.
		If anyone has photos of the Embarcadero Freeway as it stood before its demolition in 1990, or photos any CA 480 signs, please email me.
	www.ocf.berkeley.edu /~dlkriske/highway/480 (2974 words)

	California @ WestCoastRoads - Interstate 80
		This freeway was damaged in the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, and much of it was demolished in the early 2000s.
		Interstate 80 was truncated to the Embarcadero Freeway (former California 480, which was destroyed by the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake).
		Interstate 80 freeway entrance shield assembly at the southern terminus of California 29 in Vallejo (Exit 29A).
	www.westcoastroads.com /california/i-080_ca.html (1479 words)

	The Embarcadero (San Francisco) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Embarcadero is the eastern waterfront roadway of the Port of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, along San Francisco Bay.
		During the early-20th century when the seaport was at its busiest and before the construction of Bay Bridge, the plaza in front of the Ferry Building was one of the busiest areas of foot traffic in the world; only Charing Cross Station in London and Grand Central Station in New York City were busier.
		Embarcadero Station, a BART and Muni Metro subway station, is located at the foot of Market Street, one block from The Embarcadero.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Embarcadero,_San_Francisco (591 words)

	Freeway Revolt
		San Franciscans ferociously opposed the plan and on January 23, 1959, the Freeway Revolt culminated in a resolution by the Board of Supervisors to remove a half dozen freeways from the City's master plan.
		As a result, construction of the Embarcadero Freeway, which already defaced the waterfront from Folsom Street to Broadway, was halted.
		The Freeway Revolt lived on in the form of ballot initiatives and counter initiatives aimed at reversing the tide of freeway encroachment on San Francisco.
	www.mistersf.com /notorious/notfreeway02.htm (264 words)

	VIA Online: Embarcadero
		ver since that brooding, earthquake-damaged Embarcadero Freeway was demolished, San Franciscans have been relishing the fabulous rebirth of their downtown waterfront.
		In one of the most impressive city decorations anywhere, the four grand skyscrapers of the Embarcadero Center are outlined with 17,000 light bulbs.
		Embarcadero Center is a massive commercial complex of four skyscrapers, between Battery and the Embarcadero, with EC4 closest to the waterfront.
	www.viamagazine.com /weekenders/embarcadero95.asp (926 words)

	Waterfront revival
		The Embarcadero Freeway, an elevated, concrete double-decker, once walled off almost a mile of this shore.
		Built in the late 1950s, the freeway isolated the century-old port buildings and historic wood piers and warehouses from downtown, blocked the views east across San Francisco Bay, and bathed the area in vehicle noise and fumes.
		With the freeway gone, a two-mile stretch of shoreline in northeast San Francisco - from the SBC Park, home of Major League Baseball's Giants, north along Embarcadero Boulevard around Telegraph Hill - is enjoying a renaissance.
	www.azcentral.com /arizonarepublic/travel/articles/0122sanfran0122.html (905 words)

	Bicycles on the Freeway
		For a few years, there was a popular bike ride that allowed the participants to ride their bicycles on the Embarcadero Freeway and on parts of I-280.
		As a result of that natural disaster, the Embarcadero Freeway was dismantled.
		It was relaxing to be on a freeway and not have to worry about a highway patrol cruiser sneaking up from behind.
	www.geocities.com /n0mijima/text/FreewayBikes.html (755 words)

	California @ WestCoastRoads - Interstate 80 Eastbound - San Francisco and Alameda Counties
		The Central Freeway was to directly connect to the Golden Gate Freeway but opposition from the citizens and city government curtailed that and much of the rest of the San Francisco freeway network.
		The Central Freeway on-ramp to Interstate 80 (James Lick Skyway) eastbound merges onto the freeway ahead of the Seventh Street half-diamond interchange.
		The freeway is best remembered for the disaster of the 1989 Loma Prieto Earthquake when the upper deck of the Nimitz Freeway collapsed onto the lower deck.
	www.westcoastroads.com /california/i-080a_ca.html (2490 words)

	Out of the Shadows
		Before the Embarcadero Freeway was removed, traffic planners had forecast “traffic nightmares,” but they never seemed to materialize.
		The freeway is closed, and demolition is set to put the final seal on its fate.
		The time spent under the freeway's shadow has run its course, and the celebrating residents are awaiting the day when sun shines on their neighborhood again.
	www.newcolonist.com /centralfw.html (900 words)

	ENN: Environmental News Network [[Today's News Full Story ]] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Construction of San Francisco's elevated, two-level Embarcadero Freeway in the 1950s visually and functionally separated the downtown from its historic waterfront and San Francisco Bay.
		The freeway redevelopment trend is just getting under way, and there is tremendous potential for it to grow and succeed.
		With the freeway redevelopment trend, America has the rare opportunity to repair several decades of urban damage to transform vast swaths of the urban landscape into people-pleasing, environmentally-sound neighborhoods.
	www.enn.com /arch.html?id=34409 (755 words)

	The Freeway Revolt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		At that time the freeway reigned supreme in California, but San Francisco harbored the seeds of an incipient revolt which ultimately saved several neighborhoods from the wrecking ball and also put up the first serious opposition to the post-WWII consensus on automobiles, freeways, and suburbanization.
		By the time the Embarcadero Freeway was nearly under construction in 1958, a loud opposition had formed, going on to campaign for its removal after its completion.
		In favor of the freeway were "progressive" supervisors Jack Morrison, Joseph Casey, Jack Ertola, Joseph Tinney and Peter Tamaras.) Mayor Jack Shelley was all for it, as was the Labor Council from which he hailed.
	www.bikesummer.org /1999/zine/freewayRevolt.htm (783 words)

	The Treasure Island Experiment: Stories
		The freeway north of Army Street was built as an overhead steel viaduct that split into a massive mess of freeway viaducts at the end of Potrero Avenue.
		No new freeways were built beyond the routing of Interstate 280 in the southeast, which continued the path of the Southern Freeway toward the Bay Bridge.
		The Embarcadero Freeway was supposed to move cars from the City either east across the Bay Bridge or south along 101.
	www.roughlydrafted.com /tiexp/disasterfreeway.html (1549 words)

	A21 Design Monthly - Vanished Embarcadero (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		It wasn't until the freeway boom of the 1950's that the elevated highway, now a fist link in a network of interstate freeways circling the City, would come to the foot of Market Street.
		The Embarcadero Freeway, Interstate 480, was to run from the Bay Bridge to the Golden Gate Bridge.
		But the construction of the Embarcadero Freeway sparked rebellion against other freeways planned for San Francisco, and the experience gained in San Francisco's freeway fights was shared to fight freways across the nation and around the globe.
	cypress.he.net /~arch21/0900part2.html (616 words)

	Boston.com / Beyond The Big Dig / Case Studies
		Even skateboarders preferred prowling elsewhere on the Embarcadero, up the street where the action was near a cab stand and the fronts of restaurants and shops.
		Ferry Building Plaza is a new open space replacing the elevated Embarcadero freeway, which was heavily damaged in a 1989 earthquake.
		A colonnade of Canary palm trees that march majestically along the Embarcadero, marking the center of the city at San Francisco water's edge.
	www.boston.com /beyond_bigdig/cases/embarcadero.htm (1053 words)

	Freeway Transforms Into People-Friendly Boulevard \| Planetizen
		After the Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989 in San Francisco, the Embarcadero Freeway was razed, replaced with a multi-modal roadway that included a promenade and streetcar line.
		Unlike the other damaged freeway, the Embarcadero, this freeway was rebuilt and continued to operate in its original capacity.
		Caltrans was responsible for rebuilding the freeway; the city was in charge of the Octavia Boulevard component.
	www.planetizen.com /node/17305 (275 words)

	Options to building a Seattle freeway
		The most prominent example is San Francisco's Embarcadero Freeway, removed from the Bay waterfront after it was damaged in the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.
		Freeways that aren't tolled generate no local tax revenues even as they occupy prime developable land that could be contributing to the tax base.
		If a new freeway is built along Elliott Bay, Seattle will invest substantial talent and resources to reduce traffic flows in that corridor during construction, only to welcome the cars back upon completion.
	www.walkablestreets.com /freeway.htm (1503 words)

	Central Freeway Environmental Study (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Central Freeway (U.S. 101) was constructed in 1959 as part of an overall freeway network system in the City of San Francisco, much of which was never built.
		The Central Freeway is an elevated single-deck viaduct that runs parallel to 13th Street between Route 80 and Mission Street.
		In San Francisco, the Embarcadero Freeway, portions of Route 280 and the Central Freeway were among the structures suffering extensive damage.
	www.dot.ca.gov /dist4/sf101cnt.htm (605 words)

	Interstate 280 California @ Interstate-Guide.com
		A victim of the San Francisco Freeway Revolt of the 1960s, Interstate 280 was originally proposed to have a much different northern terminus.
		California 130 is planned as an potential freeway route between San Jose and the Central Valley, but for now California 130 is a twisty road to Mount Hamilton that does not meet Interstate 5.
		Freeway entrances are located just beyond the stoplight, and the viaduct carries traffic to U.S. 101 and beyond.
	www.interstate-guide.com /i-280_ca.html (2172 words)

	Interstate 480
		The widely unpopular Embarcadero Freeway, which would have provided a freeway connection between the Golden Gate and Bay bridges.
		A rainy February 27, 1991, saw the "groundbreaking" of the Embarcadero demolition.
		The advantages to the plan: minimal right-of-way would be taken, and most of the freeway would remain out of sight.
	www.kurumi.com /roads/3di/i480.html (923 words)

	LatinoLA - Comunidad - News & Information About Your Community
		Ignoring the fact that in 1989 the double decked San Francisco Embarcadero Freeway collapsed, or that a proposed price tag of $4 billion during the state’s financial $30 billion debt crisis is implausible, TAC is aggressively pursing these hard line double-decking options.
		The 710 Freeway is the busiest truck corridor in the state, also making it the most accident prone freeway in the state.
		An increase in freeway lanes would mean an increase in diesel exhaust and increased health hazards where pollution standards along the freeway will be dismal at best.
	www.latinola.com /story.php?story=907 (720 words)

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