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Topic: Embolismic month

	Hebrew calendar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Whether or not an embolismic month (a second Adar) was needed depended on the condition of roads used by families to come to Jerusalem for Passover, on an adequate number of lambs which were to be sacrificed at the Temple, and on the earing of barley needed for first fruits.
		Months are numbered from Nisan (reflecting the injunction in Exodus "This month shall be to you the beginning of months".
		Twelve lunar months are about 354 days while the solar year is about 365 days so an extra lunar month is added every two or three years in accordance with a 19-year cycle of 235 lunar months (12 regular months every year plus 7 extra or embolismic months every 19 years).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hebrew_calendar (4022 words)

	Epact
		Consequently, since this month always began with that new moon of which the fourteenth day occurred on or next after the vernal equinox, Christ arose from the dead on Sunday, the seventeenth day of the so-called paschal moon.
		As in the Julian calendar the months had lost all their original reference to the moon, the early Christians were compelled to use the Metonic Lunar Cycle of the Greeks to find the fourteenth day of the paschal moon.
		The divergence is removed by assigning to the seven embolismic months (which would otherwise have contained 7 times 29.5, or 206.5, days) 209 days, 30 days being assigned to each of the first six and 29 to the seventh.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/e/epact.html (1378 words)

	Hebrew calendar FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The "modern" form is a rule-based, akin to the, measuring months defined in lunar cycles as well as years measured in solar cycles, and distinct from the purely lunar and the almost entirely solar.
		Whether or not an embolismic month (a second Adar) was needed depended on the condition of roads used by families to come to Jerusalem for, on an adequate number of lambs which were to be sacrificed at the Temple, and on the earing of barley needed for first fruits.
		Months are numbered from Nisan (reflecting the injunction in "This month shall be to you the beginning of months".
	www.bigdirection.com /en/Hebrew_calendar (3582 words)

	Leap year - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		In the Chinese calendar the leap month is added according to a complicated rule, which ensures that month 11 is always the month that contains the northern winter solstice.
		In the Hindu calendar, which is a lunisolar calendar, the embolismic month is called adhika maas (extra month).
		It is the month in which the sun is in the same sign of the stellar zodiac on two consecutive dark moons.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Leap_year (1963 words)

	Metonic cycle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Metonic cycle in astronomy and calendar studies is an approximate common multiple of the orbital periods of the Earth and the Moon.
		In a typical lunisolar calendar, most years are lunar years of 12 months, but in 7 of the 19 years have an extra month, known as an intercalary or embolismic month.
		The 19-year cycle is also close (to somewhat more than half a day) to 255 draconic months, so it also is an eclipse cycle, which lasts only for about 4 or 5 recurrences of eclipses.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/m/me/metonic_cycle.html (222 words)

	The Calendar
		Embolismic years with epact 13 are those with golden number 19 (except those just before a centennial year with only the solar correction), as well as those just before a centennial year with only the lunar correction, that have a golden number between 1 and 10.
		Embolismic only when the next year has epact 25, which is exceedingly rare: this happens when the year (that with epact 12) has golden number 19 and occurs just before a centennial year that applies the lunar correction but not the solar correction.
		Also note that for the start of a month to be indicated by the “December” at the last line of the table does not mean that month belongs to the end of that lunar year: it can also indicate the start of the next lunar year; see the next section for more about this.
	www.madore.org /~david/misc/calendar.html (4615 words)

	hebrew calendar - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		The beginning of each Hebrew month, once decided, was first announced to other communities by signal fires lit on mountaintops, but the Samaritans and Boethusaeans lit false fires, leading to the use of special messengers.
		Karaites use the lunar month and the solar year, but determine when to add a leap month by observing the ripening of barley in Israel, rather than a fixed calendar.
		The length of the month assumed by the calendar is correct within a fraction of a second.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/hebrew-calendar (2880 words)

	Intercalation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Intercalation is the insertion of a leap day, week or month into some calendar years to make the calendar follow the seasons.
		The solar year does not have a whole number of lunar months either, so a lunisolar calendar must have a variable number of months in a year.
		This is usually 12 months, but sometimes a 13th month (an intercalary or embolismic month) is added to the year.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Intercalary_month (412 words)

	Lunisolar calendar oddd.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		To determine when an embolismic month needs to be inserted, some calendars rely on direct observations of the state of vegetation, while others compare the ecliptic longitude of the sun and the phase of the moon.
		All months from the dual-entry month to the non-entry month that is not to be intercalary are sequentially numbered with the nearby regular months (rule 2).
		Fully 96.6% of all months contain only one entry into a zodiacal sign (have one principle term or cusp), all obeying the numbering rules of the jiéqì table, and 3.0% of all months are intercalary months (always non-entry months between principle terms or cusps).
	lunisolar.calendar.en.oddd.org (12101 words)

	Moslem calendar - Patent 5379272 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The month indicator is driven at the end of each month by a second lever 40 pivotally mounted on a pin or second lever axis 41 of the movement.
		At the end of each month, when lever 40 performs an instantaneous jump in the direction of arrow 45, click 47 engages the teeth of star 49 to move it, instantaneously also, by a one-tooth step in the direction of arrow 52, and cause it to complete a full revolution in one year.
		In the course of a year, whether ordinary or embolismic, the end 99 of lever 97 bears however on the circular portion of cam 95, outside notch 96, causing lever 97 to pivot in the direction of arrow 103.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5379272.html (4491 words)

	Jew Calendar - JewCalendar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Two major forms of the calendar have been used: an observational form used prior to the destruction of the Second Temple in 70, and based on witnesses observing the phase of the moon, and a rule-based form first fully described by Maimonides in 1178, which was adopted over a transition period between 70 and 1178.
		Only four pre-exilic month names appear in the Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible): Aviv (first; literally "Spring", but originally probably meant the ripening of barley), Ziv (second; literally "Light"), Ethanim (seventh; literally "Strong" in plural, perhaps refering to strong rains), and Bul (eighth), and all are Canaanite names, and at least two are also Phoenician.
		Karaites use the lunar month and the solar year, but determine when to add a leap month by observing the ripening of barley in Israel, rather than the calculated and fixed calendar of Rabbinic Judaism.
	www.kopete.org /Jew-Calendar.html (3643 words)

	CalendarHome.com - Metonic cycle - Calendar Encyclopedia
		The Metonic cycle or Enneadecaeteris in astronomy and calendar studies is a particular approximate common multiple of the tropical year and the synodic month.
		In a typical lunisolar calendar, most years are lunar years of 12 months, but some years have an extra month, known as an intercalary or embolismic month.
		Meton approximated the cycle to a whole number (6940) of days, obtained by 125 long months of 30 days and 110 short months of 29 days.
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /Metonic_cycle.htm (377 words)

	Keith Hunt - THE OT CALENDAR? Part 5: MAIMONIDES: SANCTIFICATION OF THE NEW MOON
		Therefore, whenever this excess accumulates to about 30 days, or a little more or less one month is added and the particular year is made to consist of 13 months, and this is the so-called embolismic (or intercalated) year.
		They all agreed as to when the 1st of the 7th month would be, hence when the feast of Trumpets, feast of Atonement, feast of Tabernacles, and feast of the 8th day, would be.
		They all agreed as to when the 1st of the 3rd month would be, but the COUNTING of 7 Sabbaths to the feast of Pentecost was not agreed upon by the Pharisees and the Sadducees, hence they observed it on different days WITHIN the 3rd month.
	www.keithhunt.com /CalendarHistory5.html (3261 words)

	Leap Year é—å¹´ [Archive] - Chinese-forums.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		In Chinese calendar, the "leap month" is added according to a complicated rule and for example, if it follows the second month then it is simply called "leap second month".
		Intercalary months are arranged so that the sun always enters Capricorn on the 11th regular month (month 11) of a year.
		If there are 12 months between two successive occurrences of month 11, one of these 12 months must be an intercalary month and it is the first of these 12 months during which the sun remains within the same zodiac sign throughout.
	www.chinese-forums.com /archive/index.php/t-964.html (385 words)

	Free Ebooks of Leap year (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		A leap year (or intercalary year) is a year containing an extra day or month in order to keep the calendar year in sync with an astronomical year or seasonal year.
		The Chinese calendar is lunisolar calendar, so a leap year has an extra month, often called an embolismic month after the Greek word for it.
		In the Hebrew calendar the extra month is called Adar Alef (Adar_1) and is added before Adar, which then becomes Adar bet (Adar_2).
	leap.year.en.rhot.org (1905 words)

	Hebrew Calendar
		Only four pre-exilic month names appear in the Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible): Abib (first, literally "Spring"), Ziv (second), Ethanim (seventh), and Bul (eighth), and all are Canaanite names, and at least two are also Phoenician.
		This value for the interval between molads (the mean synodic month) was measured by Babylonians before 300 BC and was adopted by the Greek astronomer Hipparchus and the Alexandrian astronomer Ptolemy.
		This is done to ensure that the months of the Jewish calendar always fall in roughly the same seasons of the solar year, and in particular that Nissan is always in spring.
	www.measuroo.com /rel-H/Hebrew_Calendar.php (3564 words)

	Leap year - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Leap years (which keep the calendar in sync with the year) should not be confused with leap seconds (which keep clock time in sync with the day).
		In the Hebrew calendar the extra month is called Adar Alef (first Adar) and is added before Adar, which then becomes Adar Sheni (second Adar).
		These postponement rules reduce the number of different combinations of year length and starting day of the week from 28 to 14, and regulate the location of certain religious holidays in relation to the Sabbath.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/l/e/a/Leap_year.html (1540 words)

	Brujula.Net - Your Latin Stating Point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Passover, on an adequate number of lambs which were to be sacrificed at the temple, and on the earing of barley needed for first fruits.
		Twelve lunar months are about 354 days while the solar year is about 365 days so an extra lunar month is added every two or three years in accordance with a 19-year cycle of 235 lunar months.
		Karaites use the lunar month and the solar year, but determine when to add a leap month by observing barley, rather than a fixed calendar.
	www.brujula.net /english/wiki/Hebrew_calendar.html (2538 words)

	Passover In The First Month
		The embolismic year is formed by the introduction of an intercalary month, immediately after Adar, which is called Ve-adar, or Second Adar.
		When a month has 30 days, the last day of the month and the following day are both kept as New Moon, on the principle that a holiday cannot be kept part of a day.
		The 30th day being half in the preceding month and half in the new moon, the whole day is made a holiday, and the following as a matter of course, from its being the first whole day of the new moon.
	www.biblestudents.com /htdbv5/r4127.htm (2357 words)

	The Calendar
		Years with thirteen months in them are called “embolismic”; precise rules will be given further on to determine when a year is embolismic, but for the moment let us say roughly that, within a century, seven out of nineteen years are embolismic (in accordance with the
		This skip from 19 to 1 also occurs when the latter year has the lunar correction and no solar correction as well has having epact 1 (this happens from 16399 to 16400 for example; the difference is that the regular lunar calendar, this time, puts the new moon on 01-01).
		This makes the first month of a given lunar year start between December 7 of the previous year and January 6 of the corresponding solar year, except for years with the solar correction (which might start as early as December 6) and years with the lunar correction (which might start as late as January 7).
	www.madore.org /~david/misc/calendar.daml (5867 words)

	Hebrew Calendar Encyclopedia Articles @ EasterCrafts.org (Easter Crafts) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		These Jews formed a relatively new community in the aftermath of the annihilation (by murder or enslavement) of all Alexandrian Jews by Emperor Trajan at the end of the 115–117 Kitos War.
		The period between 70 and 1178 was a transition period between the two forms, with the gradual adoption of more and more of the rules characteristic of the modern form.
		Due to the slow drift of the modern Jewish calendar relative to the Gregorian calendar, this will be true for about another 20,000 years.
	www.eastercrafts.org /encyclopedia/Hebrew_Calendar (3227 words)

	Intercalation is the insertion of an extra day or month...
		"Intercalation" is the insertion of an extra day or month into some calendar year calendar years to make the calendar calendar follow the seasons seasons.
		In many calendars, this is done by adding to a common year common year of 365 days, an extra day ("leap day" or "intercalary day"): this makes a leap year leap year of 366 days.
		The solar year year does not have a whole number of lunar month lunar months either, so a lunisolar calendar lunisolar calendar must have a variable number of month months in a year.
	www.biodatabase.de /intercalation (238 words)

	Thirteenth month - Forums at EliYah's Home Page
		This is where David assigns chiefs for each month of the year.
		He appoints just twelve; one for each month of the year without considering a thirteenth month.
		Adding a thirteenth month is not recorded or even implied anywhere in the scriptures.
	www.eliyah.com /forum2/Forum10/HTML/002581.html (1020 words)

	Intercalation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Intercalation is the insertion of an extra day or month into some calendar years to make the calendar follow the seasons.
		In many calendars, this is done by adding to a common year of 365 days, an extra day (leap day or intercalary day): this makes a leap year of 366 days.
		See calendar, Julian calendar, Gregorian calendar, Iranian calendar, Hebrew calendar, Hindu calendar, and Chinese calendar.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/i/in/intercalation.html (166 words)

	Calendar - Goodman Family Funerals Inc.
		But they could not reach the communities outside Israel within one day, so the outlying communities opted to celebrate scriptural festivals a second day as well, the "second feast-day of the Diaspora".
		An alternative explanation for the 642 parts is as follows: The calculated time of New Moon during the six days of creation was on Friday at 14 hours exactly (day starting at 6pm the previous evening), assuming that creation occurred in the Autumn to coincide with Rosh Hashana.
		However, it was at 9 hours and 642 parts on Wednesday if creation actually took place six months earlier, in Spring.
	www.goodmanfamilyfunerals.com /calendar.php (1320 words)

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