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	Emil Christian Hansen in TutorGig Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		It was known as Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, and is used in lager beers.
		Hansen, Emil Christian Hansen, Emil Christian Hansen, Emil Christian
		Search for Emil Christian Hansen in Open Directory
	www.tutorgig.com /ed/Emil_Hansen (177 words)

	Emil Christian Hansen -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Emil Christian Hansen (May 8, 1842 - August 27, 1909) was a (A Scandinavian language that is the official language of Denmark) Danish fermentation physiologist.
		See (A chemical phenomenon in which an organic molecule splits into simpler substances) Fermentation, (Any of various single-celled fungi that reproduce asexually by budding or division) Yeast.
		Even (French chemist and biologist whose discovery that fermentation is caused by microorganisms resulted in the process of pasteurization (1822-1895)) Pasteur admired Hansen's work.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/em/emil_christian_hansen.htm (141 words)

	Fungus of the month December99 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		At the laboratory, Emil Christian Hansen was employed.
		Hansen separated two species: the already mentioned Saccaromyces cerevisae and a new discovered one, S.
		The first is over-yeast (floating on the surface of the fermenting beer); the second is under-yeast (laying on the bottom of the liquid).
	www.uio.no /conferences/imc7/NFotm2001/Images/December2001.htm (1249 words)

	Barley Excerpt2
		What he discovered was that beer yeast colonies of the time contained good and bad actors; the bad ones were cells that were dormant in the cool weather but sprung to life in the summer heat, throwing off flavors that spoiled beer.
		Until that moment, knowledge of yeast hadn’t meant brewers were in full control of it.
		Hansen essentially “tamed” the beast and made possible the reliable replication of pure yeast strains (thus giving a huge boost to the unfolding lager revolution).
	www.bayoubro.com /index_files/Excerpt2.htm (2455 words)

	History of Science Society -- 1998 Annual Meeting Program Abstracts
		In 1883, a new technique for the culture of brewers yeast was introduced at the Carlsberg Brewery by Emil Christian Hansen, the director of the Physiological Department at the Carlsberg Laboratory.
		Hansen's technique of "pure yeast culture," which consisted of the microscopic isolation of a single yeast cell and its subsequent growth under sterile culture conditions, promised to solve the long-standing brewers problem of diseased or spoiled beer that Hansen believed was caused by the presence of "wild" yeasts in the brewing vessels.
		The contrasts between Hansen's and Delbrück's methods of pure yeast culture highlight the complex interplay between traditional practices and laboratory-based techniques during a period of increasing industrialization of many artisanal trades.
	depts.washington.edu /hssexec/annual/1998/abstracts98p6.html (5756 words)

	FS430 Page Title (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Pasteur did studies in an effort to make French beer as good as German beer; he clarified the nature of bacterial spoilage, and in 1860 made the connection between yeast cells and alcoholic fermentation.
		Emil Christian Hansen, employed by Carlsberg in Denmark, showed in 1883 that wild yeast, as well as bacteria, could produce spoiled beer.
		He invented single cell propagation (producing a yeast culture from a single cell of a reference culture, thus assuring uniformity and consistency).
	www.nysaes.cornell.edu /fst/faculty/acree/fs430/notes_siebert/kjs08science.html (445 words)

	Obit: Hansen, Andreas "Lawrence" (1875 - 1941) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Hansen as the result of a heart attack, which he suffered early Tuesday morning.
		Emil Niemi where he had resided for the past several years.
		Andreas Lawrence Hansen was born on December 25, 1875, in the city of Chicago, where he spent his early boyhood.
	usgennet.org /usa/wi/county/clark/webbbs/records/index.cgi?read=9134 (267 words)

	Maltose Falcons Home Brewing Society (Los Angeles Homebrewing) - MB Raines, Ph.D. - Guide to Yeast Culturing for ...
		The development of pure yeast strains and their importance in the brewing process has been going on for over a century and is still an active area of research.
		In 1883, Emil Christian Hansen described the first techniques for successfully isolating single yeast cells and propagating them to a larger scale.
		Hansen's techniques changed all that and were quickly applied to improving large scale beer production; first in the Carlsberg brewery and a few years later in American breweries.
	www.maltosefalcons.com /tech/MB_Raines_Guide_to_Yeast_Culturing.php (9583 words)

	Brewery biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Breweries, as production facilities reserved for making beer, did not emerge until monasteries and other Christian institutions started producing beer not only for their own consumption, but also to use as payment.
		Most importantly, the discovery of microbes by Louis Pasteur was instrumental in the control of fermentation.
		The idea that yeast was a microorganism that worked on wort to produce beer lead to the isolation of a single yeast cell by Emil Christian Hansen.
	brewery.biography.ms (4706 words)

	Yeast - the large food & drink encyclopedia
		Beer brewers classify yeasts as top-fermenting and bottom-fermenting.
		This distinction was introduced by the Dane Emil Christian Hansen.
		Top-fermenting yeasts (so-called because they float to the top of the beer) can produce higher alcohol concentrations and prefer higher temperatures.
	www.netmoon.com /recipes/encyclopedia/y/yeast.html (678 words)

	Welcome to HomebrewAdventures.com - News
		We’ll begin the story in 1881, when Emil Christian Hansen developed pure culture techniques.
		But by isolating a particular strain of yeast, Hansen’s discovery showed that one could make what one encyclopedia calls "dependable beers."
		Ale and Belgian styles began to fade, and lagers took over the world, a trend that was only somewhat slowed by the renaissance of craft brewing in the past two decades.
	www.homebrew.com /articles/article10090101.shtml (689 words)

	May 8 - Today in Science History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In 1879, he became superintendent of the Carlsberg breweries.
		In 1883, he successfully developed a cultivated yeast that revolutionized beer-making around the world, because Hansen by refusing to patent his method made it freely available to other brewers.
		Hansen separated two species: Saccaromyces cerevisae, an over-yeast (floating on the surface of the fermenting beer) and S.
	www.todayinsci.com /5/5_08.htm (2373 words)

	1842 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		It is a Church "without a creed." Still, it has one.
		Eddy member of the Mother-Church (nor of any Christian Science Church) without "Tenets." "Tenets of The Mother Church, The First Church of Christ, THE PASTOR EMERITUS About the time of the reorganization, Mrs.
		Eddy retired from her position Churches, and appointed her book, Science and Health, to be pastor- entirely, when she retired, but appointed herself Pastor Emeritus.
	www.city-search.org /18/1842.html (467 words)

	Collect Your Own Bottle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Actually, we owe the advent of bottle beer to Louis Pasteur, whose work with yeast, steam, and basic science enabled beer to travel beyond the local market.
		Another catalyst was the development of a pure yeast strain by Emil Christian Hansen at the Carlsberg brewery in Copenhagen, Denmark.
		These two innovators would revolutionize how beer could be packaged and distributed.
	www.allaboutbeer.com /collect/bottles.html (594 words)

	Moratorium hits Danish companies - Nature Biotechnology
		The official line from Carlsberg is that in October 1999 it transferred some of its more basic plant biotechnology RandD from the CRC to the department of physiology of the Carlsberg Laboratory, a separate operation under the control of the Carlsberg charitable foundation.
		The department of physiology has a long history: Its second director (1879-1909) was Emil Christian Hansen, whose fundamental work on the use of pure yeast cultures in brewing and isolation of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis underpin most brewing practice today.
		It is, however, unclear precisely what proportion of Carlsberg's plant biotechnology effort has been retained at the Carlsberg Laboratory.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nbt/journal/v18/n2/full/nbt0200_139.html (1190 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Emil Theodor Kocher is awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine
		May 7 - Edwin H. Land, future inventor and founder of Polaroid
		August 27 - Emil Christian Hansen, fermentation physiologist
	www.online-encyclopedia.info /encyclopedia/1/19/1909_in_science.html (215 words)

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