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Topic: Emil Fischer

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	EMIL FISCHER - LoveToKnow Article on EMIL FISCHER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-08)
		Emil Fischer devoted himself entirely to organic chemistry, and his investigations are characterized by an originality of idea and readiness of resource which make him the master of this branch of experimental chemistry.
		Fischer attacked the problem presented by ferments and enzymes, and although we as yet know little of this complex subject, to Fischer is due at least one very important discovery, viz, that there exists some relation between the chemical constitution of a sugar and the ferment and enzyme which breaks it down.
		FISCHER, ERNST KUNO BERTHOLD (1824-1907), German philosopher, was born at Sandewalde in Silesia, on the 23rd of July 1824.
	38.1911encyclopedia.org /F/FI/FISCHER_EMIL.htm (1072 words)

	Hermann Emil Fischer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hermann Emil Fischer (October 9, 1852 - July 15, 1919) was a German chemist and recipient of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1902.
		Fischer was born in Euskirchen, near Cologne, the son of a businessman.
		Fischer then attended the University of Bonn in 1872, but switched to the University of Strasbourg in 1872.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hermann_Emil_Fischer (260 words)

	vanthoff (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-08)
		Fischer reduced the number of possibilities for the structure of (+)-glucose by considering the optical properties of derivatives of glucose that had the same achiral groups at C
		From these data Fischer was able to conclude that the enantiomers of arabinose are represented by the structures A and A', and that glucose must be among the structures 3 and 11, or 4 and 12.
		Indeed, Fischer was able, through a number of chemical transformations, to switch the "head" and the "tail" of (+)-glucose to form the enantiomer of (-)-gulose, (+)-gulose.
	classes.yale.edu /chem220a/studyaids/history/Fischer/fischer.html (1521 words)

	Emil Fischer - Biography
		Hermann Emil Fischer was born on October 9, 1852, at Euskirchen, in the Cologne district.
		Fischer was made a Prussian Geheimrat (Excellenz), and held honorary doctorates of the Universities of Christiania, Cambridge (England), Manchester and Brussels.
		In 1888 Fischer married Agnes Gerlach, daughter of J. von Gerlach, Professor of Anatomy at Erlangen.
	nobelprize.org /chemistry/laureates/1902/fischer-bio.html (1276 words)

	Gerhard E. Fischer, one of SLAC's pioneers, dead at 64
		Fischer came to SLAC in 1965 for the design and construction of the SPEAR electron-positron storage ring and had a major role in the development of the Stanford Linear Collider.
		Fischer, called "Gerry" by his colleagues, was born in Berlin March 1, 1928, the son of a biochemist and the grandson of Emil Fischer, who won the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1902.
		Fischer was a key member of the storage ring research and development team, and while the ring was being built, he participated in a notable series of fixed-target experiments.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/pr/93/930223Arc3392.html (581 words)

	PURIN - LoveToKnow Article on PURIN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-08)
		It is obtained by methylating xanthine, or from 3.7dimethyl uric acid (E. Fischer, Ber., 1897, 30, p.
		The constitution of caffeine was settled by E. Fischer (Ann., 1882, 215, p.
		Fischer confirmed these results and showed further that oxidation with chlorine water gave monomethyl urea and dimethyl alloxan, pointing to the presence of three methyl groups in the molecule.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PU/PURIN.htm (4650 words)

	Fischer, Emil
		Despite major complications because of stereochemical relations, Fischer was able to use these derivatives to determine the molecular structures of fructose, glucose, and many other sugars, and he was able to verify his results by synthesizing those compounds.
		In the course of his stereochemical research, Fischer discovered that there are two series of sugars, the D sugars and the L sugars, that are mirror images of each other.
		Fischer's researches on the purines, begun in 1894, culminated in his pioneering efforts to determine the structure of proteins.
	www.britannica.com /nobel/micro/210_3.html (418 words)

	Biography of E. Fischer - Peptides International
		Hermann Emil Fischer was born on October 9, 1852, at Euskirchen, (Cologne, Germany).
		The areas of chemistry that were impacted from Fischer's work include the discovery of phenylhydrazine, his studies of organic dyes (working with his cousin Otto Fischer, in Munich), and characterization and synthesis of caffeine and theobromine.
		Fischer also had obtained optically pure forms of amino acids and used them to produce dipeptides (published in 1901 with Fourneau, Gly-Gly), tripeptides, and later polypeptides, his largest synthetic effort resulting in an octadecapeptide.
	www.pepnet.com /fischerbio.html (720 words)

	Probert Encyclopaedia: People and Peoples (Em-Er) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-08)
		He was an authority on organic chemistry and won the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1902.
		Emil Hacha was a Czechoslovakian lawyer and politician.
		Following the annexation of Czechoslovakia in 1938 by Nazi Germany, Emil Hacha became President with the resignation of the current President, and in 1939 signed over the state to Hitler.
	www.probertencyclopaedia.com /C43.HTM (3064 words)

	Chemistry 210 Experiment 7
		One direct approach, known as the Fischer esterification reaction, involves the acid-catalyzed condensation of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, yielding an ester and water.
		Emil Fischer (1852-1919) was a German scientist who received his Ph.D. from the University of Strasbourg, studying with Adolf von Baeyer.
		Fischer was the first to synthesize phenylhydrazine, which was an important reagent in his work on elucidating the structures of most of the carbohydrates.
	www.miracosta.cc.ca.us /home/dlr/210exp7.htm (1476 words)

	Chemistry of Life: Faces—The Human Dimension
		Emil Fischer might have gone into the family lumber business had his father had his way.
		Fischer also studied sugars and determined their structures using a synthetic strategy.
		Fischer was married and had three sons, two of whom died during World War I. The loss was unbearable, and he took his own life in 1919.
	www.chemheritage.org /explore/life-fischer.html (206 words)

	Tafel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-08)
		In Erlangen he started to work as an assistant of Emil Fischer who had obtained a professorship there in 1882, and who recognized early the young talented chemist.
		He became a close colleague of Emil Fischer and followed him to the Universities of Erlangen and Würzburg, before being appointed Professor of Chemistry at Jena in 1888.
		In the fall of 1892, Fischer moved to Berlin and in his words: "a professor of chemistry moves not merely with his scholarship and books, but also with preparations, apparatus, and assistants" (note the sequence!).
	chem.ch.huji.ac.il /~eugeniik/history/tafel.html (2059 words)

	Fischer, Emil Hermann (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-08)
		Fischer was born near Bonn and educated there and at Strasbourg and Munich.
		In 1884, Fischer discovered a key reaction in the study of sugars.
		Fischer's investigations into the chemistry of proteins began 1899.
	cartage.org.lb /en/themes/biographies/MainBiographies/F/Fischer/1.html (187 words)

	Carbohydrates
		The structures of many monosaccharides were first determined by Emil Fischer in the 1880s and 1890s and are still written according to a convention he developed.
		Fischer projections for some of the more common monosaccharides are given in the figure below.
		At the turn of the century, Emil Fischer suggested that the structure of an enzyme is matched to the substance on which it acts, in much the same way that a lock and key are matched.
	chemed.chem.purdue.edu /genchem/topicreview/bp/1biochem/carbo5.html (1673 words)

	Chemist's Biographies
		Emil Hermann Fischer (1852-1919), perhaps the greatest organic chemist and a pioneering biochemist, was born in Euskirchen near Bonn and studied chemistry at Bonn after a commercial education.
		Franz Josef Emil Fischer (1877-1947), of the Fischer-Tropsch process, was born in Freiburg im Breisgau and studied under Elbs at Giessen.
		Born in Neustadt in the Palatinate and was educated at the University of Würzburg and Munich Polytechnic.
	www.chem.qmw.ac.uk /rschg/biog.html (7520 words)

	Dipeptide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A dipeptide is a molecule consisting of two amino acids joined by a single peptide bond.
		The German chemist Emil Fischer obtained the first dipeptide, glycylglycine, in 1901 by the partial hydrolysis of the diketopiperazine of glycine.
		Dipeptides are produced from polypeptides by the action of the hydrolase enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dipeptide (129 words)

	Preamble, 2-Carb-0 & 2-Carb-1
		Emil Fischer [16] began his fundamental studies on carbohydrates in 1880.
		Emil Fischer introduced the classical projection formulae for sugars, with a standard orientation (carbon chain vertical, carbonyl group at the top); since he used models with flexible bonds between the atoms, he could easily 'stretch' his sugar models into a position suitable for projection.
		Emil Fischer assumed the cyclic form to be a five-membered ring, which Tollens designated by the symbol <1,4>, while the six-membered ring received the symbol <1,5>.
	www.chem.qmw.ac.uk /iupac/2carb/00n01.html (2074 words)

	New Optical Probes of Chiral Molecules
		This project is continued in collaboration with the lab of Peer Fischer at the Rowland Institute at Harvard.
		In the D, L-nomenclature introduced by Emil Fischer, natural amino-acids on earth are almost all of the L-form.
		Described by Emil Fischer as a "lock and key" mechanism, the stereospecific action between an enzyme and its substrate is the reason for the homochiral biochemstry of living organisms.
	people.ccmr.cornell.edu /~fwise/pfchiral.html (747 words)

	Antique Pottery including among others: Wiener Kunstkeramische Werkstätte, Emil Fischer, J. Fischer, Wahliss, ...
		Ignac Fischer acquired his knowledge of arts and crafts at his father's manufacture of ceramics in Tata-tovaros.
		Fischer also produced pieces decorated with Chinese motifs sold at the Hungarian Exposition of 1885 and was successful winning awards.
		Since 1885 under the direction of Emil Fischer the factory slowely lost its standing and eventually became the property of the Zsolnay Factory in Pecs.
	www.drawrm.com /pottery.htm (1965 words)

	Fischer, Emil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-08)
		Fischer began his career as student of Adoph v.
		In 1883 Fischer found a synthesis for indol, later he did research on purines (1880-84), on sugars, on barbituric acid, and on amino-acids.
		In 1902 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry.
	www.euchems.org /Distinguished/19thCentury/fischeremil.asp (84 words)

	Emil Fischer
		Fischer, Emil Hermann (1852-1919) (The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography)
		Fischer, Emil (1852-1919) (The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography)
		Fischer, Hermann Otto Laurenz (1888-1960) (The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography)
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0818757.html (159 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Emil Kraepelin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-08)
		Kraepelin, Emil (1856-1926), German psychiatrist, born in Neustrelitz, who developed the first widely accepted classification of mental illnesses....
		But the official birth of psychology is often traced to...
		Nolde, Emil (1867-1956), one of the foremost German expressionist painters, whose masklike heads, contorted brushwork, and raw, strident colors were...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Emil_Kraepelin.html (107 words)

	Emil Fischer Biography / Biography of Emil Fischer Biographies
		Emil Fischer Biography / Biography of Emil Fischer Biographies
		All biographies listed are included in the Emil Fischer Biography Pass.
		Each Biography is written by a biographical expert or professional educator and is a complete resource on the individual.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-emil-fischer/index.html (118 words)

	Chemistry and Industry: Emil Fischer and the key to specificity.@ HighBeam Research
		This was first established in 1894 by the German organic chemist Emil Fischer.
		This phenomenon was soon known as specificity.' With increasing knowledge about the relationships between molecular structure and activity, specificity became identified with information.
		In 1891, Fischer had won widespread acclaim for his projection diagrams that expressed the structures of, and interrelationships...
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:15417799&... (192 words)

	Hermann Emil Fischer Winner of the 1902 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
		Hermann Emil Fischer Winner of the 1902 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
		Hermann Emil Fischer — Biography (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar)
		Emil Fischer - Nobel Lecture (submitted by Dan Thomas)
	almaz.com /nobel/chemistry/1902a.html (99 words)

	Fischer, Emil on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-08)
		K-State students participate in Emil Fischer Design Workshop.
		IMF's Fischer arrives for review of reform, JAKARTA POST
		A powerful new tool for peptide production: Dr Kenzo Yokozeki of the Amino Science laboratories of Ajinomoto describes an important technological breakthrough in the synthesis of peptides.(Peptides and proteins)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/F/FischerE1.asp (270 words)

	Science and Society Picture Library - Search
		Emil Hermann Fischer (1852-1919) was a leading figure in his field.
		Keywords: 20th Century, Apparatus, Chemistry, Chemist, Demonstrating, Emil, Equipment, Fischer, Fischer, Emil, German, Germany, Laboratory, Laboratory equipment, Man, Men, Nobel, Nobel Prize winners, Organic, Organic chemistry, Portrait, Prize, Scientific, Scientific apparatus, Winners
		Click here to view all 82 related images.
	www.scienceandsociety.co.uk /results.asp?image=10401650 (111 words)

	M2 Presswire: K-State students participate in Emil Fischer Design Workshop.@ HighBeam Research
		M2 PRESSWIRE-25 October 2000-Kansas State University: K-State students participate in Emil Fischer Design Workshop (C)1994-2000 M2 COMMUNICATIONS LTD
		MANHATTAN -- Nine students from Kansas State University's College of Architecture, Planning and Design were selected to participate in the college's first Emil Fischer Design Workshop, Sept. 29-30.
		At the workshop, students were teamed to solve a common, interdisciplinary problem as a design cooperative.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:66378775&... (200 words)

	Borrowing to make ends meet -- Clardy 96 (5): 1826 -- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
		I would say that the enzyme and the substrate must fit together
		No analogy has so profoundly influenced our thinking about the joining of biological molecules as Emil Fischer's lock and
		After a century, it still serves as an appropriate introduction
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/96/5/1826 (1217 words)

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