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| | Everybody's Colony - New York Times |
 | | JUST over a century ago, on June 12, 1898, at the bayside town of Cavite, a freshly minted generalissimo named Emilio Aguinaldo, then 29 years old, proclaimed the independence of the Philippines from three centuries of colonial rule by Spain. |
 | | Aguinaldo's nationalist soldiers were already besieging the Spanish troops inside Manila in the climax of a three-year rebellion. |
 | | America's first stumble into colonialism resulted in four years of grinding warfare with the disappointed revolutionaries before Aguinaldo's countrymen could be considered ''subdued.'' The cost was a body count of 20,000 Philippine ''insurrectionists,'' along with some 10,000 American soldiers killed, wounded or dead from disease. |
| query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9A06E2D61339F931A3575BC0A96E958260 (581 words) |
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