Emperor Francis II

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	Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II Leopold II (born Peter Leopold Joseph) (Vienna, May 5, 1747 – Vienna, March 1, 1792) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1790 to 1792 and Grand-duke of Tuscany.
		This settlement was the condition of his marriage on August 5, 1764 with Maria Louisa, daughter of Charles III of Spain, and on the death of his father Francis I (August 13, 1765), he succeeded to the grand duchy.
		From the east he was threatened by the aggressive ambition of Catherine II of Russia and by the unscrupulous policy of Prussia.
	www.bonneylake.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Leopold_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor (1603 words)

	Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Emperor Karl of Austria, the last ruling hereditary monarch in that country, "relinquished every participation in the administration of the State" on November 11, 1918.
		Instead, these first Emperors constructed their office as a complicated collection of offices, titles, and honours, that were consolidated around a single person and his closest relatives (while in the republic the "taking of turns", often in shared offices, had been the principle for passing on power).
		The first Latin Emperors of Constantinople on the other hand had to be present in the newly conquered capital of their Empire, because that was the only place where they could be granted to become Emperor.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Emperor (5833 words)

	AllRefer.com - Francis II, Holy Roman emperor (German History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Francis II 1768–1835, last Holy Roman emperor (1792–1806), first emperor of Austria as Francis I (1804–35), king of Bohemia and of Hungary (1792–1835).
		Francis was a chief architect of the Holy Alliance.
		Francis's armies were eventually defeated by Napoleon Bonaparte; by the Treaty of Campo Formio (1797) Francis ceded the left bank of the Rhine to France but obtained Venetia and Dalmatia.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/F/Francis2HRE.html (413 words)

	Francis II Biography
		Francis II - 1768-1835, Holy Roman emperor (1792-1806).
		After Napoleon dissolved the Holy Roman Empire, Francis II took the title of Francis I, the first emperor of Austria (1804-35).
	www.biography-dictionary.com /Francis-II.htm (29 words)

	JOSEPH - LoveToKnow Article on JOSEPH
		(1741-1790), Roman emperor, eldest son of the empress Maria Theresa and her husband Francis I., was born on the,3th of March 1741, in the first stress of the War of the Austrian Succession.
		As emperor he had no real power, and his mother was resolved that neither husband nor son should ever deprive her of sovereign control in her hereditary dominions.
		After the death of his father in 1765 he became emperor and was made co-regent by his mother in the Austrian dominions.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /J/JO/JOSEPH.htm (1452 words)

	Francis 1 : Emperor : Austria : Austrian : Napoleonic : Napoleon Bonaparte :
		Francis 1 : Emperor : Austria: Austrian : Napoleonic: Napoleon Bonaparte :
		In 1810, Francis agreed to his daughter, Marie-Louise, marrying the French emperor and that began a three-year peace.
		Despite copping hiding after hiding at the hands of the French, Austria refused to accept the fact its armies could not compete on the field of battle with that of the upstart revolutionaries.
	www.napoleonguide.com /leaders_francis1.htm (142 words)

	20TH GENERATION
		was born in 1791 in Austria- dtr of Emperor Francis II.
		Emperor Napoleon I BONAPART Emperor of France was born on 15 Aug 1769 in Ajaccio, Corsica.
		She was married to Emperor Napoleon I BONAPART Emperor of France (son of Charles BUONAPARTE The Lawyer and Maria Laetitia RAMOLINO) in 1810.
	home.att.net /~hamiltonclan/hamilton/gilbert/d7393.htm (215 words)

	EMPEROR - LoveToKnow Article on EMPEROR
		Here the title of emperor designates the president of a federal state; and here the Holy Roman emperor of the 17th and 18th centuries, the president of a loose confederation of German states, may be said to have found his successor.
		This public title of imperator was normally conferred by the senate; and an emperor normally dates his reign from the day of his salutation by the senate.
		But by the 2nd century the dyarchy is passing into a monarchy: the title of princeps recedes, and the title of imperator comes into prominence to designate not merely the possessor of a certain imperium, or the general of troops, but the simple monarch in the fulness of his power as head of the state.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /E/EM/EMPEROR.htm (1807 words)

	Austrian Orders & Medals of the Napoleonic Period
		With the change in 1805 of the Emperor's title from Francis II of Germany to Francis I of Austria new medals were required.
		Established by Emperor Francis I on 8 January 1808 in honor of his father, and to provide the Empire with an order that could be used to reward important subjects.
		Obverse: Head of Francis II facing right with a laurel wreath in his hair.
	www.antiquesatoz.com /sgfleece/ausnapms.htm (1206 words)

	Holy Roman Empire
		Francis II ruled thereafter as Francis I of the Austrian Empire (established in 1804).
		Usually, the king of Germany became emperor -considered by Europeans the title of most prestige- as soon as he was crowned by the pope.
		His son, Vittorio Emanuele II (Victor Emmanuel the 2nd) of Savoy led the armies that conquered what is now known as Italy over the years 1858 through 1871.
	www.arcaini.com /ITALY/ItalyHistory/HolyRomanEmpire.htm (387 words)

	Trenches on the Web - Bio: Emperor Franz Josef
		Ascent: Franz Josef was crowned Emperor of Austria in 1848 at age 18.
		Personal: Emperor and King, still his life was not without its trials and sorrows.
		Early on as Emperor he lost major wars to France (1848) and Prussia (1866).
	www.worldwar1.com /biohfrj.htm (300 words)

	woodgate - pafg94 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		Frederick Francis II of Mecklenburg- Grand Duke [Parents] was born in 1823.
		Marie of Schwarzburg- Rudolstadt [Parents].Marie married Frederick Francis II of Mecklenburg- Grand Duke in 1868.
		William II of Netherlands King [Parents] was born on 6 Dec 1792 in The Hague,Netherlands.
	homepages.ihug.co.nz /~woodgate/pafg94.htm (306 words)

	European royalty Austria: Francis Joseph I
		Emperor Francis Joseph and Bavarian Princess Elizabeth on April 24, 1854 married at Vienna's Augustinerkirche.
		Francis Joseph was meant to be introduced to his fiancée-to-be, Princess Helen of Bavaria, at this scenic Salzkammergut town.
		Charles Francis Joseph, Charles I or Karl I (Charles IV of Hungary) (1887-1922), was another of Francis Joseph's nephews (figure 1).
	www.histclo.hispeed.com /royal/ost/royal-ausfj1.htm (2149 words)

	Francis Joseph Biography / Biography of Francis Joseph Biography Biography
		Born on Aug. 18, 1830, at Schönbrunn (Vienna), the elder son of Archduke Francis Charles, who was the second son of Emperor Francis I (Holy Roman emperor Francis II), Francis Joseph (German, Franz Josef) was not in direct line of succession.
		Francis Joseph (1830-1916) was emperor of Austria and king of Hungary.
		Proclaimed emperor after Ferdinand's abdication on Dec. 2, 1848, Francis Joseph began his rule by subduing a series of revolutions in his realm.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-francis-joseph (789 words)

	20TH GENERATION
		She was married to Francis II of HAPSBURG-LORRAINE HR Emperor (son of Leopold II of HAPSBURG-LORRAINE HR Emperor and Mary Louise of BOURBON-SPAIN) in Milan (cousins).
		was born in 1768 in Austria- son of Leopold II.
		He Ruled Emperor of Austria between 1804 and 1835.
	home.att.net /~hamiltonclan/hamilton/gilbert/d8550.htm (85 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: States of the Church
		With Paschal's successor, Eugene II, the friendly alliance was, by order of Louis, renewed in 824 by his eldest son and colleague in the empire, Lothair I. The pope, dependent on the protection of the emperor, then granted the emperor new rights, which mark the zenith of the imperial influence under the Carlovingians.
		The emperor received the right of supervising the government and the administration of justice at Rome through the instrumentality of permanent envoys, and no new pope was to be consecrated until he had, together with the Romans, taken the oath of allegiance to the emperor in the presence of imperial envoys.
		The emperors son Enzio, commander-in-chief in Central and Upper Italy, was captured by the Bolognese in 1249.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14257a.htm (12122 words)

	Royalty.nu - The Habsburgs
		Emperor Francis Joseph, King of the Hungarians by Andras Gero.
		Emperor Francis Joseph: Life, Death and the Fall of the Habsburg Empire by John Van Der Kiste.
		An Abecedarium: Illuminated Alphabets from the Court of Emperor Rudolf II by Lee Hendrix and Thea Vignau-Wilberg.
	www.royalty.nu /Europe/Austria/Habsburgs.html (1311 words)

	HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE 1
		The Holy Roman Empire, ended by a decision of the last Emperor, Francis II, on 6 August 1806, had already long ceased to be a major political power even though the prestige of the Imperial title conferred immense status and influence.
		The surest means of establishing dynastic rule was for the Emperor to insure that his immediate heir was the inevitable choice of the “Electors” by having him nominated King of the Romans in his own lifetime.
		Their number was formerly codified in an Imperial Bull of 1356 issued by the Emperor Karl IV (of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia).
	www.almanachdegotha.com /newpage9.htm (356 words)

	thePeerage.com - Person Page 11055
		Franz II Joseph Karl von Österreich, Holy Roman Emperor was the son of Leopold II von Österreich, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa de Borbón, Infanta de España.
		Karl Herzog von Württemberg was the son of Friedrich II Eugen Heinrich Herzog von Württemberg and Friederike Dorothea Prinzessin von Brandenburg-Schwedt.
		Karl Heinrich Friedrich Herzog von Württemberg was the son of Friedrich II Eugen Heinrich Herzog von Württemberg and Friederike Dorothea Prinzessin von Brandenburg-Schwedt.
	www.thepeerage.com /p11055.htm (1561 words)

	Profiles in Prophecy Series: Europa Rising: Part II - Chuck Missler - Koinonia House
		Francis proclaimed himself the emperor of Austria and allied Austria with Britain and Russia to fight Napoleon.
		Emperor Frederick II, known as "the wonder of the world," restored power and prestige to the empire, bringing it to one of its highest points since the death of Charlemagne.
		World War II Reeling from the excesses of the Treaty of Versailles, the people of Germany rallied behind Adolf Hitler in a quest to reestablish themselves.
	www.khouse.org /articles/currentevents/20030701-473.html (2391 words)

	700000 people connected with European Royalty
		Emperor Francis II Habsburg-Lotharingen Of Austria and Marie Ludovika Hapsburg-Lotharingen
		Emperor Francis II Habsburg-Lotharingen Of Austria and Elisabeth Wilhelmina Von Wurttemberg [Arch Duchess Of
		Father: Emperor Francis II Habsburg-Lotharingen Of Austria (1768-1835)
	www.e-familytree.net /f4621.htm (2917 words)

	Francis II (of Austria)
		He became Francis I, Emperor of Austria in 1804, and abandoned the title of Holy Roman Emperor in 1806.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0001409.html (109 words)

	CROWN OF RUDOLF II
		When Francis II recognized the coming dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire and the threat posed by Napoleon, he proclaimed the Austrian Empire on August 11, 1804, choosing the old crown of Rudolf II as the crown of the new empire.
		The crown made for Emperor Rudolf II expresses his sublime imperial concept and his refined sense of art.
		Eight diamonds decorate the crown: eight is a holy number referring to the octagonal body of the imperial crown; the diamond is a symbol of Christ, the invincible, whom the emperor represents on earth.
	pirate.shu.edu /~wisterro/cdi/crown_of_rudolf_ii.htm (312 words)

	Francis
		Francis is a name with various meanings, the most popular of which comes from the French François meaning "little French person" or Latin Franciscus, "Frenchman".
		Francis, Duke of Guise, French soldier and politician.
		Saint Francis of Assisi, founder of the Franciscan order.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/F/Francis.htm (149 words)

	Devonshire House Ball 1897. Marquess of Londonderry as Emperor Joseph II of Austria
		Marquess of Londonderry as Emperor Joseph II of Austria
		For his supporting role, as the reforming Catholic Emperor Francis II of Austria, he wears a rich white brocade, embroidered with gold and white, white satin cuffs and satin breeches with gold embroidered garter.
		In contrast to Joseph II’s regard for tolerance and civil rights, in later years Castlereagh was a supporter of some of the new “ism’s” springing from Germany.
	www.rvondeh.dircon.co.uk /dhb/londonderry1.html (242 words)

	HomeCollectionsMuseum of Carriages and Department of Court UniformsCarriages: Highlights of the 19th centuryTwo-seat Personal Overland Carriage of Emperor Francis I
		In the course of his life, Emperor Francis I (II) made around 125 journeys, taking him to every area of his empire.
		The overland carriage of Emperor Francis (W 51) was sold in 1888 to the Lohner coach-building works, which, however, did not scrap it but kept it as an historic relic.
		HomeCollectionsMuseum of Carriages and Department of Court UniformsCarriages: Highlights of the 19th centuryTwo-seat Personal Overland Carriage of Emperor Francis I
	www.khm.at /staticE/page501.html (276 words)

	Background Page
		The Austrian Empire (initially the Holy Roman Empire) was ruled throughout the period by the Habsburg Emperor Francis II (1768-1835) who succeeded Leopold II in 1792.
		On August 11th 1804, he assumed the title of Emperor Francis I of Austria, and following the defeat of 1805 the Holy Roman Empire was officially disolved and the title renounced on August 6th 1806.
		The Emperor ruled Austria as Emperor, but the 'Hungarian' possesions (including Transylvania) as King of Hungary; thus the Empire's multi-national army was styled the Kaiserlich-konigliche Armee ('Imperial and Royal Army').
	uniform-evolution.0catch.com /austria.html (376 words)

	Portraits of the Protectors of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem.
		Emperor Francis II/King Francis I, Protector of the Order of St. John, 1792-1806/1835
		This provided the Czar with the same relationship with the Order as Francis II of Austria and the German Empire, who was also a designated Protector.
		Emperor Alexander I, assumed the role of Protector of the Order after his father's murder in 1801, had left a power vacuum in the Order.
	www.homeusers.prestel.co.uk /church/oosj/protectors.htm (422 words)

	louise.html
		Marie Louise: (1791-1847) empress of the French (1810-15) as consort of Napoleon I and duchess of Parma, Piacenza, and Guastalla (1816-47), daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Francis II (later Emperor of Austria as Francis I.) She was married (1810) to Napoleon I and was the mother of Napoleon II.
		When Napoleon I was defeated (1814), she fled to Vienna.
	dl.lib.brown.edu /napoleon/louise.html (103 words)

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