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	Song Dynasty - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		Emperor Taizu and his brother, who succeeded him as Emperor Taizong (T'ai-tsung) in 976, conquered the rest of the north and the several kingdoms in the south, unifying the empire in 978.
		After unifying north and south, Emperor Taizong turned to the northeastern border (in the area of what is now Beijing) and tried to recover 16 prefectures with a mainly native-Chinese population from the Khitans, a tribal confederation that had established the Liao dynasty in 907.
		Gaozong used the power of his chief counselor, Qin Gui (Ch'in Kuei, 1090-1155), to control the bureaucracy, and concluded a peace treaty with the Jin in 1141 over the objections of those military and political leaders who demanded that every effort be made to retake the north.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761551755___3/Song_Dynasty.html (570 words)

	Emperor Xiaozong - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Emperor Xiaozong (November 27, 1127 – June 28, 1194) was the eleventh emperor of the Song Dynasty of China, and the second emperor of the Southern Song.
		Xiaozong was the 7th generation descendant of Emperor Taizu, the founder of the Song Dynasty.
		Zhao Weixian was the second son of Zhao Defang (趙德芳) (959-981), known posthumously as Prince Kanghui of Qin (秦康惠王), who was a first cousin of Emperor Zhenzong, and the second surviving son of Emperor Taizu.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/e/m/p/Emperor_Xiaozong_4927.html (348 words)

	Jiaqing Emperor - Books - Famous Chinese Shopping City
		Son of the famous Qianlong Emperor, he is remembered for his prosecution of Heshen (和珅), the infamously corrupt favorite of Qianlong Emperor(Gaozong), as well as for attempts to restore the state and curb the smuggling of opium inside China.
		Heshen's son and daughter-in-law was a sister of the new emperor and she was spared from the punishment.
		Emperor Jiaqing engaged in the pacification of the empire and the quelling of rebellions, and he tried to bring the country back to its 18th-century prosperity and power.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Jiaqing_Emperor (841 words)

	Chinese history:Tang Dynasty-Women of the Tang Dynasty
		From the reign of Emperor Gaozong to that of Emperor Suzong during the early and middle Tang Dynasty, there were altogether 98 princesses, of which 61 married, among whom 24 remarried, and four married three times.
		Having worked as Emperor Taizong's secretary for 12 years, Wu Zetian was very familiar with the former emperor's main priorities in his management of state affairs, many of which she followed, for example, his stress on agriculture, reducing tax and corvee, practicing a peaceful foreign policy, and widely soliciting advice and suggestions.
		This, however, incurred strong disapproval from the emperor's subordinates, and in the end, as the pair fled from the rebel army, Yang Yuhuan was forced to hang herself.
	www.chinavoc.com /history/tang/women.htm (2600 words)

	Cheng Yang, Chinese Emperor - Timeline Index
		Emperor Shi Huang of Qin dynasty of China, also called Qin Shi Huang (260 BC-210 BC), was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 247 BC to 221 BC, and then the first emperor of a unified China from 221...
		Emperor Gaozong, born Zhao Gou, was the tenth emperor of the Song Dynasty of China, and the first emperor of the Southern Song.
		The Yongle Emperor, born Zhu Di, was the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty of China from 1402 to 1424.
	www.timelineindex.com /kidsweek/view/1694 (445 words)

	Untitled Document
		Emperor Taizong gave her the name Mei, meaning "charming, beautiful", and the young empress is generally known inside China as Wu Meiniang.
		Not long afterwards, most probably in 651, she was reintegrated into the imperial palace by Emperor Gaozong, son of Taizong, who had been struck by her beauty while visiting and worshipping in the nunnery.
		The emperor at the time was greatly attached to a concubine from the Xiao family, and the empress hoped that the arrival of a new beautiful concubine would divert the emperor from the concubine née Xiao.
	www.wooster.edu /chinese/Chinese/courses/fu_nu_wen_xue/Wu_Zetian.htm (1192 words)

	When Worlds Collide
		As the emperor passed, the British delegation knelt on one knee in a show of respect, just as they would have for the King of England, while the Chinese bowed to the ground in their usual prostrations before the emperor.
		As soon as the emperor was seated on his throne, Lord Macartney approached his tent and delivered the large golden box encrusted with diamonds inside which was the letter addressed to His Imperial Majesty from George III, King of England.
		Emperor Gaozong also departed his Summer Villa for Beijing, where he called for a meeting with his ministers to deliberate how to answer the letter from King George III.
	www.koreanhistoryproject.org /Ket/C16/E1605.htm (4113 words)

	Emperor Huizong: Chinese Calligrapher
		Emperor Huizong (November 2, 1082 – June 4, 1135) was the eighth and one of the most famous emperors of the Song Dynasty of China, with a personal life spent amidst luxury, sophistication and art but ending in tragedy.
		Not content with the annexation of the Liao kingdom, and measuring rightly the weakness of the Song empire, the Jin soon declared war on their former ally, and by the beginning of 1126 they crossed the Yellow River and came in sight of Kaifeng, the capital of the Song empire.
		Huizong, his son Emperor Qinzong, as well as the entire imperial court and harem were captured by the Jin in the Jingkang Incident.
	www.chinatownconnection.com /emperor-huizong.htm (552 words)

	Song Dynasty - MSN Encarta
		Although the Buddhist religion remained a force, particularly in the north, a new Confucian moral philosophy (Neo-Confucianism) came to dominate the empire during the Southern Song.
		Although the examination system had emerged in the Tang period as the most effective way to recruit a small number of scholarly officials, Emperor Taizong was the first to expand it into a means of recruiting civil officials for all levels of government.
		In the spring, those who passed went to the Ministry of Rites in the capital for the metropolitan examination, and, if they passed again, they were examined at the palace by the emperor.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761551755/Song_Dynasty.html (1649 words)

	Xian Attractions
		Emperor Qin Shihuang built a stone pool named the "Fairy's Spring." Both the Han Emperor Wudi and Sui Emperor Wendi enlarged it.
		The Greater Wild Goose Pagoda was built in 652, the 3rd year of Yonghui of the Tang Emperor Gaozong, and is located in the Daci'en Temple complex in the southern suburb of Xi'an.
		Qianling Tomb, located 52 miles northwest of Xi'an, was the tomb of Li Zhi (628-683) Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, and his empress, who became the only woman emperor, Wu Zetian (624-705), in Chinese history after the death of her husband.
	www.explorient.com /Attractions/XianAttractions.htm (786 words)

	Emperor of Japan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Although the emperor currently performs many of the roles of a ceremonial sovereign as head of state, there has been persistent controversy within Japan as to whether the emperor is in fact a true monarch in a political sense or merely a hereditary pretender holding such office within a constitutional parliamentary republic.
		Hence the emperor is simply a political actor within a government that does not truly adhere to the Westminster system where the position of "head of the state" requires a person of sovereignty or with popular mandate to assume that office.
		The acceptable source of imperial wives, brides for the emperor and crown prince, were even legislated into the Meiji-era imperial house laws (1889), which stipulated that daughters of Sekke (the five main branches of the higher Fujiwara) and daughters of the imperial clan itself were primarily acceptable brides.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Emperor_of_Japan (4203 words)

	The Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties
		Emperor Gaozong suffered a stroke in his eleventh year of rule, became enfeebled and a mere figurehead.
		The last three Tang emperors (from 873 to 907) were the puppets of eunuchs, and to the Chinese people it seemed that the Tang dynasty had lost the mandate of heaven.
		The emperor from the year 1101 was Huizong, who was also a poet, a good calligrapher and a devoted Taoist.
	www.fsmitha.com /h3/h06chin.htm (2704 words)

	Qianling Tomb - Xi'an, Empress Wu Zetian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Qianling is the joint tomb of Gaozong (Li Zhi, 628-683 A.D.), the third emperor of the Tang Dynasty and his Empress Consort, Wu Zetian (624-705 A.D.).
		A monument to Emperor Gaozong located on the western side of the Phoenix Gate, consists of seven joints, which symbolize the Seven Elements, that is, the Sun, the Moon, Metal, Wood, Water, Earth, and Fire.
		She was the seventh daughter of Tang Emperor Zhongzong (Li Xian), and the grand daughter of Tang Emperor Gaozong and his wife Empress Wu Zetian.
	www.cnhomestay.com /city/xian/qianling.htm (2485 words)

	Empress Wu Zetian
		After the death of Emperor Taizong, Wu Meiniang is sent to the Ganyie Temple where she suffers all kinds of humiliations.
		Emperor Gaozong has her back to the palace because of her preganance.
		After the death of Emperor Gaozong, she dethrones the crown prince, sets up the Empire Wuzhou, and becomes an unprecedented and unrepeatable Empress.
	www.chinesemall.com /emwuzet.html (166 words)

	Li Shimin: Tang Dynasty
		Emperor Gaozong was fascinated by Wu's talent and beauty and frequently visited her in the nunnery.
		Emperor Gaozong was disgusted by these actions but by now had become too feeble to make efforts to curb Wu Zetian.
		Gaozong died in 683 and Wu's third son, Li Xian (656 - 710) ascended to the throne and was named Emperor Zhongzong.
	www.travelchinaguide.com /intro/history/tang/emperor_wuzetian.htm (2082 words)

	Heshen - China-related Topics HE-HH - China-Related Topics
		It was whispered that when the Qianlong Emperor was still a young prince in the Forbidden Palacepalace, one day, he had accidentally ran into the room of a consort, just as she was putting on her make-up.
		Heshen's hold on the Emperor was further strengthened when in 1790, his son was married to Gaozong's tenth and favourite daughter.
		The Jiaqing Emperor spared Heshen this horrible death and allowed him to commit suicide in his home on February 22nd, sparing his family, largely thanks to the pleading of Renzong's sister, Heshen's daughter-in-law who was married to Fengshen-Yingde, Heshen's sole surviving son, while Fu Chang'an was beheaded.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Heshen (1175 words)

	Emperor Gaozong of Song Summary
		As the ninth son of Emperor Hui-tsung (1082-1135) and child of a concubine, the Lady Wei, the future emperor Kao-tsung would not normally have risen to the throne, but after Emperor Ch'in-tsung (1100-1161) and the abdicated Hui-tsung were taken prisoner, he ascended the throne in what was then the Southern capital.
		Retiring with him was Empress Wu, a remarkable, strong-willed lady who outlived the Emperor and rendered a final service to the dynasty when, in 1194, she effected the abdication of the mentally incapacitated Emperor Kuang-tsung and his succession by Emperor Ning-tsung.
		Emperor Gaozong (June 12, 1107 – November 9, 1187), born Zhao Gou, was the tenth emperor of the Song Dynasty of China, and the first emperor of the Southern Song.
	www.bookrags.com /Emperor_Gaozong_of_Song (857 words)

	Princess Wencheng - Bridging the Different Cultures
		Under the reign of Li Yuan (Emperor Gaozong) and Li Shimin (son of Li Yuan and Emperor Taizong), Tang became a powerful and prosperous nation and its capital Chang’an a political, economical and cultural center.
		The emperor was only too ready to do so, for having a son-in-law at the helm of the remote kingdom would make it not only a peaceful neighbor but a de facto tributary.
		The next day, the emperor ordered that a hundred mares and another hundred ponies be driven to where the contesters were and asked them to match the mares with their babies.
	www.wku.edu /~yuanh/China/tales/princesswencheng_b.htm (2474 words)

	history5
		Two years later, Yel¨¹ Abaoji, who was known as Emperor Taizu (the first emperor) of the Liao, set up his capital north of the Xar Moron River and named it Huangdu (imperial capital; later called Shangjing).
		Later, Emperor Taizong summoned Qian Chu of the Wuyue to surrender, which meant the end of the Northern Han.
		Emperor Gaozong fled to the East China Sea.
	acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu /~hzhuo/song.html (1199 words)

	CNTO - China National Tourist Office
		Tombs of emperors, including nine emperors of the Han (206 -224 BC) and 18 of the Tang (618-907), are located on the Xianyang Plain, together with stone lions.
		The Shusheng Tablet was erected to record the achievements of Emperor Gaozong.
		The inscription was composed by Wu Zetian and inscribed by Gaozong.
	www.cnto.org /silkroad-shaanxi.asp (1401 words)

	Song Gaozong
		Gaozong was the first emperor of the Southern Song, with his capital in Hangzhou.
		Gaozong, personal name æ§ Gou, style name Deji, was the ninth son of Huizong.
		The emperor himself inscribed it for his minister, saying, "The qins of the ancients were made differently.
	www.silkqin.com /09hist/qinshixu/gaozong.htm (356 words)

	ªZ«h¤Ñ - Wu Zetian
		According to some sources, it was at the summoning of Gaozong's wife, the Empress Wang, that Wu Zetian returned to the Palace.
		She therefore adopted Li Zhong (the Emperor's eldest son who was born by a concubine of low rank) and, along with some of the high-ranking officials, persuaded Gaozong to make Li Zhong Crown Prince.
		Because Xiao was the Emperor's favorite, was of high rank, and had a son of her own, the Empress feared that she would try to secure the succession for her own son and become Empress herself.
	www15.brinkster.com /orientalempire/life1.htm (1609 words)

	Empress Wu Zetian
		At the age of 14, she was called to serve the Emperor and entered his palace as a Cairen or fifth grade concubine.
		As tradition dictated, once the Emperor died, all of his concubines could never remarry and were sent away to a nunnery for the rest of their lives.
		Emperor Gaozong’s health was frail for most of his rule and as his health failed, Empress Wu gained more and more political power.
	www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Article/418928 (1516 words)

	My Understanding of Righteous Thoughts in Cultivation Practice upon Reading Several Historic Stories
		In assisting the emperor, one should exhaust his loyalty, remedy his mistakes, be obedient to the emperor's merits and prevent any bad things from happening due to the emperor's shortcomings." Upon hearing this, Emperor Taizong was very pleased and treated him very favorably after that.
		After Emperor Taizong died, according to the custom, Wu Zetian was forced to leave the palace, shave off her hair, and become a nun in Ganye Temple.
		When Emperor Gaozong was a prince he had been attracted to Wu Zetian, even though she was one of his father's wives.
	www.pureinsight.org /pi/index.php?news=3092 (1393 words)

	Xi'an / Mount Huashan /The Bell Tower/Shaanxi History Museum/City Wall of Xi'an/Terracotta Warriors & Horses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Yellow Emperor, the legendary ancestor of all the Chinese in the world today, is worshiped every year at this mausoleum north of Huangling County which evinces classic sanctity amidst a forest of verdant, yet ancient-looking cypress trees.
		The Zhaoling, situated to the northeast of Liquan County, belonged to Li Shimin, or Emperor Taizong of Tang.
		The Tailing, to the northeast of Pucheng County, was the tomb for Li Longji, or Tang Emperor Xuanzong.
	www.chinatravelhub.com /REGIONS/Xi'an01.htm (967 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Gaozong
		Gaozong (高宗) is the temple name of several Chinese Emperors.
		Emperor Yuan of Han (reign: 49 BC–33 BC)
		Qianlong Emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty (reign: 1735-1796)
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Emperor_Gaozong (82 words)

	Welcome to Culturalcafe - Dynasty Gallery
		Assembling a collection of this size spanning seven millennia of Chinese history and pre-history was a mammoth task requiring the joint efforts of countless collectors over the centuries.
		Chinese emperors were not only keen collectors of art, many were also accomplished artists in their own right.
		It is their success in preserving ancient artifacts and works of art that has led to the National Palace Museum having the impressive collection we see today.
	www.culturalcafe.com /gallery_main.htm (347 words)

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