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Topic: Emperor Leopold II

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Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor

	Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Leopold I Habsburg (June 9, 1640 – May 5, 1705), Holy Roman emperor, was the second son of the emperor Ferdinand III and his first wife Maria Anna, daughter of Philip III of Spain.
		Leopold's long reign covers one of the most important periods of European history; for nearly the whole of its forty-seven years he was pitted against Louis XIV of France, whose dominant personality completely overshadowed Leopold.
		In 1686 the league of Augsburg was formed by the emperor and the imperial princes, to preserve the terms of the treaties of Westphalia and of Nijmegen.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Leopold_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor (1449 words)

	Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor : Emperor Leopold II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Leopold II (1747-1792), Roman emperor, and grand-duke of Tuscany, son of the empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis Stephen of Lorraine, was born in Vienna on May 5, 1747.
		He was still in Florence when Joseph II died at Vienna on February 20, 1790, and he did not leave his Italian capital till the disturbances consequent on the failure of the campaign in Lombardy led to the resignation of the Ridolfi ministry, which was succeeded by that of Gino Capponi.
		Leopold at first gave way, and entrusted Don Neri Corsini with the formation of a ministry The popular demands presented by Corsini were for the abdication of Leopold in favour of his son, an alliance with Piedmonl and the reorganization of Tuscany in accordance with the eventual and definite reorganization of Italy.
	www.termsdefined.net /em/emperor-leopold-ii.html (1567 words)

	Leopold II of Belgium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Leopold was born in Brussels to Leopold I and Princesse Louise-Marie Thérèse Charlotte Isabelle d'Orléans.
		Leopold II is still a controversial figure in the Democratic Republic of Congo; in 2005 his statue was taken down just hours after it was re-erected in the capital, Kinshasa.
		Leopold II is perceived by many Belgians as the "King-Builder" ("le Roi-Bâtisseur" in French, "Koning-Bouwer" in Dutch) because he commissioned a great number of buildings and urbanistic projects in Belgium (mainly in Brussels, Ostend and Antwerp).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Leopold_II_of_Belgium (1375 words)

	Emperor Leopold II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Emperor Leopold II Emperor Leopold II Leopold II (May 5, 1747 - March 1, 1792) was a Holy Roman Emperor (1790 - 1792) and grand-duke of Tuscany.
		Leopold II had nodifficulty in seeing through the rather transparent cunning of the Russian empress, and he refused to be misled.
		Leopold was too purely a politician not to be secretly pleased at the destruction of the powerof France and of her influence in Europe by her internal disorders.
	www.therfcc.org /emperor-leopold-ii-131694.html (1437 words)

	Knowledge King - Leopold II of Belgium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Leopold II, King of the Belgians (Louis Philippe Marie Victor) (April 9, 1835 - December 17, 1909), succeeded his father, Leopold I of Belgium, to the Belgian throne in 1865.
		Leopold Ferdinand Elie Victor Albert Marie, Count of Hainaut (as eldest son of the heir apparent), Duke of Brabant (as heir apparent), born at Laeken on June 12, 1859 and died at Laeken on January 22, 1869.
		King Leopold's Belgian Congo was described as a colonial regime of slave labor, rape and mutilation in Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness.
	www.knowledgeking.net /encyclopedia/l/le/leopold_ii_of_belgium.html (949 words)

	Leopold II, Holy Roman emperor, king of Bohemia and Hungary. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Leopold II, Holy Roman emperor, king of Bohemia and Hungary.
		When Leopold succeeded (1790) his brother Joseph II as emperor and as ruler of the Hapsburg lands, he took over a nearly disrupted state.
		Leopold II is generally considered a ruler of outstanding diplomatic and administrative abilities.
	www.bartleby.com /65/le/Leopo2HRE.html (376 words)

	Encyclopedia: Leopold II of Belgium
		Leopold I, first King of the Belgians, (December 16, 1790 - December 10, 1865), was born in Ehrenburg Castle in the Bavarian town of Coburg, and named Georg Christian Friedrich (Georges ChrÃ©tien FrÃ©dÃ©ric in French, George Christiaan Frederik in Dutch) He was the youngest son of Duke Francis...
		Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II Leopold II (born Peter Leopold Joseph) (Vienna, May 5, 1747 â€“; Vienna, March 1, 1792) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1790 to 1792 and Grand-duke of Tuscany.
		Leopold Ferdinand Elie Victor Albert Marie, Count of Hainaut (as eldest son of the heir apparent), Duke of Brabant (as heir apparent), born at Laeken on June 12, 1859 and died at Laeken on January 22, 1869 from pneumonia, after falling into a pond.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Leopold-II-of-Belgium (3708 words)

	Encyclopedia: Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
		Leopold was born in Vienna, a third son, and was at first educated for the priesthood, but the theological studies to which he was forced to apply himself are believed to have influenced his mind in a way unfavourable to the Church.
		Frederick William II of Prussia Frederick William was the son of Augustus William (the second son of King Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia) and of Louise Amalie of Brunswick-L...
		The Declaration of Pillnitz on August 27, 1791, was a statement issued at the Castle of Pillnitz in Saxony by Emperor Leopold II and Frederick William II of Prussia.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Leopold-II,-Holy-Roman-Emperor (4529 words)

	Encyclopedia: Leopold-II-of-Belgium
		King Leopold II His Majesty King Leopold II of the Belgians (Louis Philippe Marie Victor) (April 9, 1835â“December 17, 1909), succeeded his father, Leopold I of Belgium, to the Belgian throne in 1865 and remained king until his death.
		Leopold III, Leopold Philippe Charles Albert Meinrad Hubertus Marie Miguel (November 3, 1901 â€“ September 25, 1983) reigned as King of the Belgians from 1934 until 1951, when he abdicated in favour of his Heir Apparent, his son Baudouin.
		The royal palace in Brussels Successive Belgian kings are Leopold I (1831-1865) Leopold II (1865-1909) Albert I (1909-1934) Leopold III (1934-1951) abdicated Prince Charles of Belgium (1944-1950) Prince Regent Baudouin I (1951-1993) Albert II (1993-) None of these were King of Belgium: their title...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Leopold_II_of_Belgium (3699 words)

	Leopold II of Belgium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Leopold II, King of the Belgians (Louis Philippe Marie Victor) (April 9, 1835 - December 17, 1909), succeeded his father, Leopold I of Belgium, to the Belgian throne in 1865 and remained king until his death.
		Outside of Belgium, however, he is chiefly remembered as the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State, a secret private enterprise scheme to extract rubber and ivory which was responsible for the death of an estimated 5-15 million Africans.
		Reports of outrageous exploitation and widespread human rights abuses (including enslavement and mutilation) of the native population, especially as it applied to the rubber industry, led to an international protest movement in the early 1900s.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/leopold_ii_of_belgium (1192 words)

	Ancestors and Family of Leopold II Habsburg-Lotharingen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Like Joseph, Leopold was influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment and was determined to construct an efficient state apparatus at the expense of feudal interests.
		After Joseph II died in February 1790, Leopold was elected emperor (and also became king of Hungary and archduke of Austria).
		Leopold married Maria Luisa of Spain de Bourbon, daughter of Charles III of Spain de Bourbon and Mary Amalia Saxony Wettin, on 5 Aug 1765.
	nygaard.howards.net /files/4014.htm (303 words)

	La Clemenza di Tito - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The story is based on the life of Roman Emperor Titus Flavius Vespasianus, and was elaborated by Metastasio from some brief hints in the Lives of the Caesars by the Roman writer Suetonius.
		In Act I, Vitellia, daughter of deposed emperor Vitellius, wants revenge against Titus and stirs up Titus' vacillating friend Sextus, who is in love with her, to act against him.
		The others lament Titus in a slow, mournful conclusion to Act I. Act II begins with Annius telling Sextus that Emperor Titus is in fact alive and has just been seen; in the smoke and chaos, Sextus mistook another for Titus.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/La_clemenza_di_Tito (921 words)

	The Damon and Taber Family Connections - Person Page 10794
		Reference=8D5V-Z6 Emperor Franz II Joseph Karl (of the Holy Roman Empire) was born on 12 February 1768 in Florence, Firenze, Italy.
		Emperor Franz II Joseph Karl (of the Holy Roman Empire) married Marie Teresa Caroline Josephe Empress (of the Holy Roman Empire), daughter of King Ferdinando I (of the Two Sicilies) and Archduchess Karoline (of Austria), on 19 September 1790 in Wien, Wien, Austria.
		Emperor Franz II Joseph Karl (of the Holy Roman Empire) died on 2 March 1835 in Wien, Wien, Austria, at age 67.
	www.richard.damon.name /genealogy/p10794.htm (315 words)

	Leopold II of Belgium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		On November 15, 1902, Italian anarchist Gennaro Rubino unsuccessfully attempted to assassinate King Leopold.
		Rubino's shots missed Leopold entirely and Rubino was immediately arrested at the scene.
		There has been a "Great Forgetting", as Adam Hochschild puts it in King Leopold's Ghost, after Leopold's Congo was transferred to Belgium.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Leopold_II_of_Belgium (1375 words)

	woodgate - pafg94 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		William II of Netherlands King [Parents] was born on 6 Dec 1792 in The Hague,Netherlands.
		Frederick Francis II of Mecklenburg- Grand Duke [Parents] was born in 1823.
		Marie of Schwarzburg- Rudolstadt [Parents].Marie married Frederick Francis II of Mecklenburg- Grand Duke in 1868.
	homepages.ihug.co.nz /~woodgate/pafg94.htm (306 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - King Leopold II and the Belgian Congo
		Leopold then went on to use the Congo as a huge money-making resource, committing several human rights violations in the process and then turning a blind eye as he built public works projects in Belgium with the money he raked in.
		Leopold went to work to consolidate his new realm, intensifying exploration efforts (already underway before the advent of the conference) with an investment in railway construction.
		Financially refreshed, Leopold set in motion his plans to squeeze the Congo of its wealth, determinedly attempting to recoup his losses and realise a profit on the venture in which he had invested everything.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/h2g2/A4429064 (2034 words)

	Leopold II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He was their third child and his older brother, Joseph II was the emperor before him.
		Leopold also was against the French Revolution, partly because he might have lost power if his people had heeded France's acts.
		Leopold was succeeded by his son, Francis II who was 24 when he became the monarch.
	m.wjms.jordan.k12.ut.us /HAPSBURG/Leopold%20II (548 words)

	Reforms in Österreich:
		In the early morning hours of 20 February 1790, after a lengthy and debilitating illness, Joseph II, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, King f the Romans, regent of the House of Hapsburg, and ruler of all Hapsburg lands, died in his bed.
		Although the new emperor, Leopold II, would pay lip service to many of the ideas of his brother, many of the concrete reforms would be abolished.
		Unfortunately for the emperor, the last years of his reign would be marked by internal strife and external wars and revolution.
	www.geocities.com /athens/troy/1344/austria.html (2049 words)

	The Damon and Taber Family Connections - Person Page 11230
		Emperor Leopold II (of the Holy Roman Empire) was born on 5 May 1747 at Schloss Schhonbrunn, Wien, Austria.
		Emperor Leopold II (of the Holy Roman Empire) died on 1 March 1792 in Wien, Wien, Austria, at age 44.
		Children of Emperor Leopold II (of the Holy Roman Empire) and Princess Maria Luisa (of Spain)
	www.richard.damon.name /genealogy/p11230.htm (255 words)

	Leopold II of Belgium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Leopold II was most famous for having his own colony, the Congo Free State, which he virtually made his private property in 1884.
		At an early age he entered the Belgian army, and in Brussels, on August 22, 1853, he was married to Marie Henriette Anne, Archduchess of Austria, born at Pesth, Austria (now Budapest, Hungary) on August 23, 1836, and who died at Spa, Liège, Belgium on September 20, 1902.
		Leopold Ferdinand Elie Victor Albert Marie, Duke of Brabant, Count of Hainaut, born at Laken on June 12, 1859 and died at Laeken on January 22, 1869.
	www.termsdefined.net /le/leopold-ii-of-belgium.html (1188 words)

	AllRefer.com - Francis I, Holy Roman emperor (German History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Francis I 1708–65, Holy Roman emperor (1745–65), duke of Lorraine (1729–37) as Francis Stephen, grand duke of Tuscany (1737–65), husband of Archduchess Maria Theresa.
		The election (Sept., 1745) of Francis to succeed Charles VII as emperor was recognized by Frederick in the Treaty of Dresden (Dec., 1745) with Maria Theresa.
		Founder of the house of Hapsburg-Lorraine, Francis was succeeded as Holy Roman emperor by his eldest son, Joseph II, and as grand duke of Tuscany by his younger son, Leopold (later Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/F/Francis1HRE.html (330 words)

	Francis II (I) of Austria, -- biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		"Franz Josef Carl Johann von Lothringen, son of the Emperor Leopold II, brother of the Grand Duke of Tuscany and the Archduke Charles, nephew of Joseph II and Marie-Antoinette...
		Emperor (1 March-14 July 1792), he had been a widower since 19th February 1790, of a princess of Württemberg who had died bringing into the world she who would later become the Empress of the French, Marie-Louise, and had taken as his second wife his cousin Marie-Thérèse-Caroline-Josèphe, the daughter of Queen Caroline of Naples.
		She gave him as sons the Emperor Ferdinand I who succeeded him in 1835, and abdicated in 1848 (born 19 April 1793) and Francis Charles Joseph (born 7 December 1802, who was father of the Emperor Franz Josef I, born in 1830).
	www.historydata.com /biographies/francis_ii_austria.html (207 words)

	Joseph II and Leopold II (from Hungary) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		History > Habsburg rule, 1699–1918 > Habsburg rule to 1867 > Joseph II and Leopold II The nation was shocked out of its lethargy by the accession of Maria Theresa's son, Joseph II, on her death in 1780.
		Mohammad II (Mehmed the Conqueror) (1432–81), Ottoman sultan, born in Adrianople (now Edirne); during rule (1444–46 and 1451–81), captured Constantinople and thus completed the Ottoman destruction of the Byzantine Empire; fourth son of Murad II; restored and repopulated Constantinople after capture in 1453; reorganized Ottoman administration, codified laws, encouraged scholarship...
		Bhaskara II was born in 1114 in Biddur, India.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-34801 (774 words)

	thePeerage.com - Person Page 11155 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		She was the daughter of Leopold II von Österreich, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa de Borbón, Infanta de España.
		She married Anton I Clemens König von Sachsen, son of Friedrich Christian Leopold Kurfürst von Sachsen and Maria Antonia Prinzessin von Bayern, on 8 September 1787 in Florence, in a proxy marriage.
		Leopold II von Österreich, Holy Roman Emperor was born on 5 May 1747 in Schloss Schönbrunn, Vienna, Austria.
	www.thepeerage.com /p11155.htm (1696 words)

	boys clothing : European royalty Austria - Leopold II
		Leopold as the younger brother of Maria Theresa was made Duke of Tuscany which he rules from Florence.
		Leopold was emperor for a brief period, however, he ruled in tumultous times.
		Leopold's children included: Theresa (1767-), Emperor Francis/Franz II (1768-1835), Grand Duke Ferdinando/Ferdinand III of Tuscany--Würzburg (1769-1824), Archduke Karl, Duke of Teschen (1771-1847), Archduke Alexander, Palatine of Hungary (1772-1795), Archduke Josef, Palatine of Hungary (1776-1847), Clementina of Austria (1777-), and Rainer, Archduke (1783-).
	histclo.com /royal/ost/royal-ausl2.htm (457 words)

	WorldBook General Reference Encyclopedia > History > Europe > Belgium > Leopold II > (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Leopold II (of Belgium) Leopold II (1835 1909).
		CHAPTER II : CHARLES V. AT the time of the death of the emperor Maximilian in 1519 the Habsburg dominions in eastern Germany included the duchies of Upper and...
		Adam Hochschilds study of King Leopold II of Belgiums creation of the Congo Free State goes to the essence of the economic and political systems established in colonial Africa.
	www.surfablebooks.com /worldbookgeneral/History/Europe/Belgium/Leopold%20II/2.htm (301 words)

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