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	Sigismund I of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sigismund I the Old (1467-1548), Polish: Zygmunt I Stary, fifth ruler of the Jagiellonian dynasty, reigned as king of Poland from 1506 until his death.
		In return for Maximilian lending weight to the provisions of the 2nd Peace of Thorn, Sigismund consented to the marriage of the children of Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary, his brother, to the grandchildren of Maximilian.
		Sigismund I's eldest daughter Jadwiga (1513-1573) married Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sigismund_I_of_Poland (497 words)

	SIGISMUND - LoveToKnow Article on SIGISMUND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-07)
		(1368-1437), Roman emperor and king of Hungary and Bohemia, was a son of the emperor Charles IV.
		Sigismund had been crowned king of Hungary on tile 31st of March 1387, and having raised money by pledging Brandenburg to his cousin Jobst, margrave of Moravia, he was engaged for the next nine years in a ceaseless struggle for the possession of this unstable throne.
		The complicity of Sigismund in the death of John Huss is a matter of controversy.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SI/SIGISMUND.htm (1331 words)

	John Huss — Part 2 — The Trial - August 1994
		Sigismund, the son of Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV, was born in 1368.
		Sigismund committed the grave error common to almost all the princes of his age in believing that in order to reign, it was necessary to dissemble and that craft was an indispensable part of policy.
		Sigismund hastily assembled the princes and deputies and indignantly declared that it was his purpose to bring the pope back, and if necessary, reduce the duke of Austria by force of arms in the process.
	www.steps2life.org /php/view_article.php?article_id=629 (2689 words)

	Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund of Germany (1368-1437) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-07)
		Sigismund (1368-1437), Holy Roman emperor (1411-37) and king of Hungary (1387-1437) and Bohemia (1419-37), the son of Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV.
		In 1414 Sigismund persuaded the antipope John XXIII to convoke the Council of Constance at which a long-standing dispute over the papal succession was settled and ecclesiastical reforms were instituted.
		Sigismund succeeded to the throne of Bohemia in 1419.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/Ranch/8882/Notes2/00233.htm (251 words)

	Holy Roman Emperor biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-07)
		The Holy Roman Emperor was, with some variation, the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, the predecessor of modern Germany, during its existence from the 10th century until its collapse in 1806.
		The title of "emperor" was considered to have passed from the Romans to the Frankish kingdom when, in 800 AD, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne, king of the Franks, emperor in exchange for the protection of the church.
		Until 1508, the King of the Romans, who was elected by a group of princes later known as electors, became emperor when he was crowned by the pope in Rome, after which he remained king (a title with functions in feudal law).
	holy-roman-emperor.biography.ms (489 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Sigismund
		He was the second son of the Emperor Charles IV, who betrothed him to Maria, the oldest daughter of King Louis of Hungary and Poland, and thus prepared the way for a great extension of the power of the House of Luxemburg.
		When, therefore, King Wenceslaus was deposed as emperor in 1400 at Oberlahnstein by the electors, and Rupert was elected emperor in his stead, Wenceslaus appointed his brother imperial vicar for Germany and governor and administrator of Bohemia.
		Sigismund's failure to effect the needed imperial reforms was not wholly due to weakness of character; the selfish policy of the estates opposed insuperable obstacles to his good intentions.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13784b.htm (1151 words)

	Dynastic Relations of the Sovereign Houses of Habsburg and Jagiellon
		In March 1438, the Electors of the HRE gathered and elected his son-in-law Emperor Albrecht II (he was crowned King of Hungary and appointed viceroy of Bohemia during the lifetime of his father-in-law).
		Sigismund loved his wife, who was, however, hated by his mother, Queen Bona, wife of Sigismund II and daughter of Giovanni Sforza.
		Elizabeth was buried in the crypts of the Vilnius Cathedral.
	users.panola.com /AAGHS/ARTICLES/HABSBURG.html (1989 words)

	FREDERICK I, elector of Brandenburg. The Columbia Encyclopedia: Sixth Edition. 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-07)
		As Frederick VI, burgrave of Nuremburg, he served under King Sigismund of Hungary (later Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund) against the Ottomans in E Europe and took part in the battle of Nikopol (1396), in which the crusaders were defeated.
		As a reward for aiding Sigismund’s election as emperor (1410), Sigismund granted (1411) Frederick a regency over Brandenburg and named him (1415) elector of Brandenburg; in 1417 he was formally invested with the electoral dignity.
		His own ambition to be emperor was never fulfilled, but at his death the Hohenzollerns were well ensconced in Brandenburg.
	www.bartleby.com /aol/65/fr/Fred1Bra.html (141 words)

	Albrecht Dürer. Biography - Olga's Gallery
		In 1515 Emperor Maximilian granted him a pension of 100 florins, although it was stopped after his death in 1519.
		Dürer had to travel to the Netherlands in 1520-1521 to the court of the Emperor Charles V to have the pension confirmed.
		Maximilian I of Austria (1459-1519) became head of the Habsburgs in 1493 and was elected Holy Roman Emperor in 1508.
	www.abcgallery.com /D/durer/durerbio.html (1539 words)

	Christian History Handbook: Early Modern: Lecture Seven (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-07)
		Emperor Sigismund, who had now succeeded his brother, Wenceslaus, as Bohemian king, attempted to make Bohemian practice conform to the rest of Christendom by insisting on withholding the cup from the laity.
		Sigismund and numerous conciliarists put pressure on Martin V. Although Martin V finally called a council to meet at Pavia in 1423, the council was slow in gathering and hindered by an epidemic in the city.
		King Sigismund of Germany attempted successfully to mediate between the new Council of Basel and Pope Eugenius IV forcing the Pope to retract all his opposition to the Council.
	www.sbuniv.edu /~hgallatin/ht34633e07.html (2943 words)

	Chapter 2
		Emperor Frederick II was preoccupied with Mediterranean affairs and the dynastic struggles known as the Great Interregnum, from 1254 to 1273, weakened imperial authority in Central Europe.
		Sigismund obtained a Papal Bull declaring a crusade against the Hussite "heretics" on 1 March 1420, and began to gather German and Western knights for his campaign.
		Sigismund's troops formed their battle lines, but Žižka took the offensive with cavalry, mobile artillery, and war wagons, and routed the demoralized Hungarians.
	www.largers.org /czechhistory2.htm (13222 words)

	Taisho Emperor biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-07)
		He was the surviving son of Emperor Meiji by Yanagiwara Naruko, a lady-in-waiting at the Imperial Palace.
		Emperor Meiji's consort, Empress Shoken (Haruko), was officially regarded as his mother.
		The future Emperor Showa (Hirohito), (April 29, 1901 - January 7, 1989); married Princess Nagako (March 6, 1903 - June 16, 2000), eldest daughter of Prince Kuni Kuniyoshi; and had issue.
	taisho-emperor.biography.ms (362 words)

	The Council of Constance
		In the meantime the treachery and violence of Ladislaus of Naples made John XXIII quite dependent politically on the new Emperor-elect Sigismund whose anxiety for a general council on German territory was finally satisfied by the pope, then an exile from Rome.
		The fourteenth session (4 July, 1415) had, therefore, for its president the Emperor Sigismund, whereby it appeared, as the supporters of Gregory wished it to appear, that hitherto the council was an assembly convoked by the civil authority.
		Sigismund was at first wroth over the arrest, but later (1 Jan., 1415) declared that he would not prevent the council from dealing according to law with persons accused of heresy.
	www.geocities.com /orthopapism/constance.html (4864 words)

	New Page 4
		Holy Roman emperor (1438-39) and duke of Austria (1404-39) as Albert V. He inherited the duchy in 1404 and in 1437 succeeded his father-in-law, the Holy Roman emperor Sigismund, as king of Bohemia and Hungary.
		In 1192 the emperor captured and held for ransom King Richard I, the Lion-Hearted, of England, brother-in-law of Henry the Lion.
		William II's first major action as emperor was his dismissal in 1890 of the aged chancellor Prince Otto von Bismarck, who had been largely responsible for the growth of the German Empire under the emperor's grandfather, William I. Thereafter William II participated significantly, often decisively, in the formulation of foreign and domestic policies.
	website.lineone.net /~johnbidmead/Germany.htm (7424 words)

	Hussites
		In 1419 the death of King Wenceslas of Bohemia and the inheritance of the Kingdom by the staunch Catholic Emperor Sigismund of the Holy Roman Empire ignited a civil war.
		The resounding defeat of Sigismund's initial attempt to subdue the Hussites lessened the appeal of future Crusades and as result those that rallied to the cause tended to be those most threatened by the Hussites.
		Although the Holy Roman Emperor, Sigismund relied heavily on troops from his hereditary lands, mercenaries and those of Hungary, where he was King.
	myweb.tiscali.co.uk /matthaywood/main/Hussites.htm (1746 words)

	Chapter 23
		The emperor Sigismund urged Pope John to call a general council for the consideration of these subjects; and, although John hated the notion of such a meeting, be could not help consenting.
		But Sigismund had been hard pressed by Huss's enemies, who told him that a promise made to one who is wrong in the faith is not to be kept; and the emperor had weakly and treacherously yielded, so that he could only blush for shame when Hess reminded him of the safe-conduct.
		The emperor in his delight threw himself at the new pope's feet; and for hours together vast numbers thronged the cathedral, where the pope was placed on the high altar, and gave them his blessing.
	www.biblefacts.org /ecf/sch/sch02-24.html (1360 words)

	The History of Protestantism by J. A. Wylie
		The Emperor Sigismund, whose presence gave a new splendor to the fetes and a new dignity to the Council, was forty-seven years of age.
		Sigismund was earnestly desirous of saving his life, no doubt out of regard for Huss, but doubtless also from a regard to his own honor, deeply at stake in the issue.
		There sat the emperor; there were the princes, the deputies of the sovereigns, the patriarchs, archbishops, bishops, and priests; and there too was a vast concourse which the spectacle that day was to witness had brought together.
	www.whatsaiththescripture.com /Voice/History.Protestant.v1.b3.html (16961 words)

	Emperor Charlemagne and Emperor Sigismund by DÜRER, Albrecht
		His interpretation of Charlemagne's appearance was to influence depictions of the Emperor until well into the nineteenth century.
		The two paintings include the appropriate coats of arms, the German eagle and French fleur-de-lis for Charlemagne and the arms of the five territories ruled by Sigismund, the German Empire, Bohemia, Old and New Hungary and Luxembourg.
		His crown and garments are put on public display annually in Nuremberg, together with other relics.' On the second panel is the text: `Emperor Sigismund ruled for 28 years.
	www.wga.hu /html/d/durer/1/08/2empero.html (541 words)

	Velle Inventory - Special Collections NEHA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-07)
		The Emperor Charles V allows the Treasurer in the Quarter of Antwerp to appoint a substitute to supervise the maintenance of roads and waterways in the Quarter of Antwerp after the placard of 1536.
		Petition by the States of Brabant to the Emperor against writ-server Jan van den Eycken who forced country-people at the end of last summer to repair roads, and against the levying of tolls (16th century).
		Copy of a confirmation by the Emperor Sigismund that citizens of Antwerp should only be judged by the Antwerp court for specified demeanours they commit within the Marquisate of Antwerp and of privileges for the fair.
	www.neha.nl /velle/velle_112.html (967 words)

	ipedia.com: Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor Article
		Sigismund was Holy Roman Emperor from 1433 to 1437.
		]] The fourth and last German Emperor and Bohemian king of the Luxembourg dynasty, Sigismund, second son of the Emperor Charles IV, was born in Nure...
		The fourth and last German Emperor and Bohemian king of the Luxembourg dynasty, Sigismund, second son of the Emperor Charles IV, was born in Nuremberg.
	www.ipedia.com /sigismund__holy_roman_emperor.html (391 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - Encyclopedia Warspite : Hungary 1419-1820
		King Sigismund of Luxemburg by this time was Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and King of Hungary.
		Emperor Sigismund led Hungary with Bohemian and Croatian (a vassal of Hungary) help in conquest of the Principality of Wallachia and Moldavia in the balkans in 1425.
		Sigismund was a good military leader and this explains his exacting victories over Austria in the Emperor war.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/printthread.php?t=22750 (3475 words)

	Hohenzollern on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-07)
		In 1415 Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund made Frederick VI of Hohenzollern elector of Brandenburg, and in 1417 Frederick formally received the electoral dignity as Frederick I. Brandenburg then became the center of Hohenzollern power.
		John Sigismund's acquisition (1614) of Cleves, Mark, and Ravensburg and his inheritance (1618) of the duchy of Prussia (East Prussia) marked the Hohenzollern rise as a leading German power.
		He was succeeded by Frederick III (1888) and by William II (reigned 1888-1918), whose instability and ambition contributed to the involvement of Germany in World War I; his abdication ended the family's rule in Germany.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/h/hohenz-fam.asp (790 words)

	Jan Hus
		Still believing in Wyclif's reforms, Hus decided to defend his views before the Council of Constance, in what is now Germany, under a guarantee of safe passage from Emperor Sigismund.
		Sigismund was himself such a brazenly loose man that he could be seen cavorting half-naked in public with prostitutes.
		The 446 clerics who attended the Council of Constance did not lack for similar entertainment: contemporary chroniclers report that a thousand prostitutes descended on the city for the duration of the divine meeting.
	www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com /rants/0706almanac.htm (485 words)

	Albert II of Habsburg : Albert II Habsburg (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-07)
		Albert II Habsburg (1397 - 1439), German ruler, king of Bohemia and Hungary, and (as Albert V) duke of Austria, was born on August 10, 1397, the son of IV of Austria">Albert IV of Habsburg[?], duke of Austria.
		Albert II was married in 1421 to Elizabeth of Bohemia, the daughter of Emperor Sigismund.
		He assisted the German emperor Sigismund, in his campaigns against the Hussites, and in 1422 married Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Sigismund, who designated him as his successor.
	www.city-search.org /al/albert-ii-habsburg.html (329 words)

	Council of Constance
		The envoys' commission was to the emperor Sigismund, presiding over the various bishops and prelates whom his zeal to restore peace to the Church had brought together.
		Sigismund, clad in the royal robes, left the throne he had occupied in the previous sessions for a throne placed before the altar, as for the president of the assembly.
		That the emperor Sigismund is to attend to the council's safety.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txs/constanc.htm (15278 words)

	Portrait of Emperor Sigismund of Luxembourg by PISANELLO
		Portrait of Emperor Sigismund of Luxembourg by PISANELLO
		The artist depicted Sigismund of Luxembourg (1387-1437), King of Hungary and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, full face, turned slightly away from the plane of the picture.
		On all four sides the face and the neck are encircled by soft, brown fur, identical in colour and texture.
	gallery.euroweb.hu /html/p/pisanell/sigismun.html (361 words)

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