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	Search Results for "Nicaea" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		1222, Byzantine emperor of Nicaea (1204-22), son-in-law of the Byzantine emperor Alexius III.
		...Theodore II, Byzantine emperor of Nicaea, (Theodore Lascaris), 1222-58, Byzantine emperor of Nicaea (1254-58), son and successor of John III.
		...Byzantine emperor of Nicaea (1258-61), son and successor (under a regency) of Theodore II and last of the Lascarids.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/65search?query=Nicaea (250 words)

	byzantine empire - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		The Emperor Romanus IV is defeated by the Seljuk Turks at the Battle of Manzikert.
		The Persians were defeated and the territories were recovered by the emperor Heraclius in 627, but the unexpected appearance of the newly converted and united Muslim Arabs took by surprise an empire exhausted by the titanic effort against Persia, and the southern provinces were all overrun.
		The first emperor of this line, Alexius Comnenus, whose life and policies would be described by his daughter Anna in The Alexeid, began to reestablish the army on the basis of feudal grants (prniai) and made significant advances against the Seljuk Turks.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/Byzantine-Empire (3467 words)

	emperors2
		Ferdinand, as a Habsburg, became Holy Roman emperor in 1619 and, allied with Bavaria and the Catholic League, defeated the Bohemians at the Battle of White Mountain in 1620.
		Born in Lesi, Italy, on December 26, 1194, Frederick was the son of Henry VI and grandson of Frederick I, Holy Roman emperor.
		The eldest son of Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa, Joseph was born in Vienna on March 13, 1741.
	website.lineone.net /~johnbidmead/emperors2.htm (6635 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 1079 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		1260 to 1282, the restorer of the Greek empire, was the son of An- dronicus Palaeologus and Irene Angela, the grand daughter of the emperor Alexis Angelus.
		This emperor died in August 1259, leaving a son, John III., who was only nine years old, and over whom he had placed the patriarch Arsenius and the magnus domesticus Muzalon, as guardians.
		Seeing a child on the throne of Nicaea, and a lofty but forsaken foreigner, destitute of power, on that of Constantinople, Michael of Epeirus conceived the same plan as Michael Palaeologus, arid the success of the latter at first did not at all discourage him.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/2187.html (1032 words)

	Council of Nicaea, Nicea (325)
		The two councils of Nicaea were ecumenical councils of the Christian church held in 325 and 787, respectively.
		The council was convened in 325 by the Roman emperor Constantine I in an attempt to settle the controversy raised by Arianism over the nature of the Trinity.
		The Second Council of Nicaea, the seventh ecumenical council of the Christian church, was convoked by the Byzantine empress Irene in 787 to rule on the use of saints' images and icons in religious devotion.
	www.thenazareneway.com /council_of_nicaea_nicea_325.htm (1337 words)

	Theodore Lascaris - LoveToKnow 1911
		1222), emperor of Nicaea, was born of a noble Byzantine family.
		After the capture of the city he gathered a band of fugitives in Bithynia and established himself in the town of Nicaea, which became the chief rallying-point for his countrymen.
		Theodore's grandson, Theodore (Lascaris), emperor from 125 4 to 1258, is chiefly noticeable for two brilliant campaigns by which he recovered Thrace from the Bulgarians (1255-56).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Theodore_Lascaris (422 words)

	Nicaea - LoveToKnow 1911
		Under the Roman empire Nicaea and Nicomedia disputed the title of metropolis of Bithynia.
		Strabo describes the ancient Nicaea as built regularly, in the form of a square, with a gate in the middle of each side.
		After Constantinople became the capital of the empire Nicaea grew in importance, and after the conquest of Constantinople by the Crusaders became the temporary seat of the Byzantine emperor; the double line of walls with the Roman gates is still well preserved.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Nicaea (213 words)

	John III, Byzantine emperor of Nicaea Byzantine Coins & Coin Jewelry
		1254, Byzantine emperor of Nicaea (1222—54), successor and son-in-law of Theodore I. He extended his territory in Asia Minor and the Aegean islands but failed (1235) to take Constantinople from the Latins, although he was aided by Ivan II of Bulgaria.
		It was during this time that the early Christian leaders met in Nicaea in 325 under the direction of Constantine, in what would later be known as the First Council of Nicaea, the first of many Ecumenical councils.
		The church of Hagia Sophia was built by Justinian I in the middle of the city in the 6th century (modelled after the larger Hagia Sophia in Constantinople), and it was there that the Second Council of Nicaea met in 787 to discuss the issues of iconography.
	www.realtreasures.com /john3.htm (356 words)

	Thessalonica
		During the first civil war Thessalonica was the principal headquarters of Pompey and the Roman senators; during the second it supported Anthony and Octavius against the Triumvirs, receiving from them after the battle of Philippi the title of free city and other advantages, being allowed to administer its own affairs and obeying magistrates called politarchs.
		In 1242 after a successful campaign against the Emperor of Thessalonica, John Vatatzes, Emperor of Nicaea, forced John Angelo to take only the title of despot and to declare himself the vassal.
		Alexander assisted at the Council of Nicaea in 325, at Tyre in 335, and at the consecration of the Holy Sepulchre in the same year.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/t/thessalonica.html (1535 words)

	A Brief History of Roman Emperors, Rulers, and Their Families
		Severus was saluted as emperor by his own troops upon the death of Pertinax, and remained in the background until Julianus, Niger, and Claudius Albinus were all defeated.
		The future emperors Claudius and Aurelian were both involved in the murder of Gallienus at the siege of Milan in March, AD 268.
		After Jovian's death he was proclaimed emperor at Nicaea (by proclaimation of a council?), and about a month later he made his younger brother co-emperor.
	www.geocities.com /WallStreet/3953/emperors.html (2212 words)

	Did Constantine ‘promote’ Jesus?
		The Council of Nicaea (325 A.D) functions as one of the pivotal events in Christian history and theology.
		Nicaea, a small town near Constantinople, served as one of the residences of the emperor.
		From Nicaea, Constantine administered the affairs of the eastern portion of the Roman Empire.
	www.floridabaptistwitness.com /5808.article (844 words)

	Empire of Nicaea - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Empire of Nicaea was the largest of the Byzantine Greek states founded by the nobility of the Byzantine Empire after Constantinople was conquered during the Fourth Crusade.
		The Latin Empire, Empire of Nicaea, Empire of Trebizond, and the Despotate of Epirus.
		Theodore I Lascaris, the son-in-law of Emperor Alexius III Angelus, was proclaimed emperor, but he too fled, to the city of Nicaea in Bithynia, realizing the situation in Constantinople was hopeless.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Empire_of_Nicaea (728 words)

	The Walls of Nicaea
		Nicaea, today Iznik, is located on the shore of a lake close to the Asian coast of the Marmara Sea, in the historical region called Bithynia.
		Although Nicaea had been inhabited since the most ancient time, an earthquake destroyed it in AD 123 and the town was redesigned and rebuilt under Emperor Hadrian.
		The emperor Constantine VI favoured the worship of images, but was confronted with the fact that the iconoclasts prevailed in Constantinople; he then decided to hold the council in Nicaea where the iconoclasts could not influence the bishops and he could exert his own direct influence.
	members.tripod.com /romeartlover/Nicea.html (1502 words)

	Rome and Romania, Roman Emperors, Byzantine Emperors, etc.
		Emperors are commonly known by particular parts of their names, or by nicknames, e.g.
		Decius and Herennius were killed in battle by the Goths in 251 -- the only Roman Emperors to die in battle (against external enemies) besides Julian (against the Persians, 363), Valens (against the Goths again, 378), Nicephorus I (against the Bulgars, 811), and Constantine XI (with the fall of Constantinople to the Turks, 1453).
		With Valens as the senior Emperor, he didn't wait for assistance before moving to put down a revolt by the Visigoths, who had recently been admitted as refugees from the Huns but were now rising up against mistreatment by their hosts.
	www.friesian.com /romania.htm (13905 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 1045 (v. 3) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		To Maria, the daughter of Peter of Courtenay, emperor of Constantinople.
		Elated by his numerous successes, Theodore assumed the title of Emperor of the Romans, and was crowned at Thessalonica in 1222, in the same year that Joannes Vatatzes succeeded to the imperial title at Nicaea, and Andronicus at Trebi-zond.
		In consequence of the loss of his sight, he conferred the title of emperor upon his son Joannes ; but the latter was subsequently conquered in the life-time of his father by Joannes Vatatzes, the emperor of Nicaea, who compelled him to renounce the imperial dignity, and to content himself with the rank of despot.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/3379.html (941 words)

	Jencek's Ancient Coins & Antiquties
		There is little doubt that he was one of the most capable emperors who ever occupied the throne and he devoted his whole life to the improvement of the state.
		Was proclaimed emperor at the death of Numerian.
		Late in 375, while in residence at Bregetio, in Pannonia, Valentinian granted an audience to a deputation of Quadi; enraged at the impudence of the barbarians, the emperor was seized with an apoplectic fit and died soon afterwards.
	ancient-coins.com /emperors/emperors.htm (4414 words)

	Empire of Nicaea (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Empire of Nicaea was the largest of the states founded by refugees from the Byzantine Empire after Constantinople was conquered during the Fourth Crusade.
		Theodore Lascaris, the son-in-law of Emperor Alexius III, was proclaimed emperor, but he too fled, to the city of Nicaea in Bithynia, realizing the situation in Constantinople was hopeless.
		Nicaea, however, was the closest to the Latin Empire and was in the best position to attempt to re-establish the Byzantine Empire.
	empire-of-nicaea.iqnaut.net (725 words)

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Michael VIII Palaeologus
		Michael VIII Palaiologos was the son of the megas domestikos Andronikos Doukas Komnenos Palaiologos by Theodora Angelina Palaiologina, the granddaughter of Emperor Alexios III Angelos and Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamaterina.
		At an early age he rose to distinction, and ultimately became commander of the Latin mercenaries in the employment of the emperors of Nicaea.
		A few days after the death of Emperor Theodore II Doukas Laskaris in 1259, Michael Palaiologos replaced the influential bureaucrat George Mouzalon (when the latter was murdered), becoming joint guardian for the eight-year old Emperor John IV Doukas Laskaris together with the patriarch Arsenios.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Michael_VIII_Palaeologus (1085 words)

	AFTER NICAEA
		Most people who believe in the Doctrine of the Trinity claim that at the Council of Nicaea in 325 AD, all the church did was to officially declare a doctrine that had always been the teaching of the church.
		Emperor Constantine who was also the high priest of the pagan religion of the Unconquered Sun presided over this council.
		Emperor Theodosius the Great establishes the creed of Nicaea as the standard for his realm.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Olympus/5257/afternicaea.htm (2922 words)

	Cultural Catholic - Pope Liberius (352-366)
		The Arian Emperor of the day, Constantius, claimed "My will is the canon." The emperor claimed to rule the Church.
		Emperor Constantius, at a council held in Milan in 353, demanded that Saint Athanasius be condemned and warned the bishops to obey the emperor or face exile.
		Once Pope Liberius submitted, Emperor Constantius recalled Pope Liberius from exile, and the antipope, Felix II, was expelled by the Romans.
	www.culturalcatholic.com /PopeLiberius.htm (315 words)

	Nicene/Post-Nicene, Series II, Volume 26
		This Synod assembled at Antioch in presence of the emperor Constantius in the consulate of Marcellus and Probinus...
		Chapter XX The emperor imagined that Arius and Euzoius were of the same sentiments as the bishops of the council of Nicaea...
		When the emperor entered Rome, the people loudly demanded Liberius, and besought his return; after consulting with the bishops who were with him, he replied that he would recall Liberius and restore him to the people, if he would consent to embrace the same sentiments as those held by the priests of the court.
	jmgainor.homestead.com /files/PU/ECW/npn2/npnii26-1.htm (6117 words)

	Marriott, The Eastern Question. Chapter 3
		The Emperors of the House of Comnenos pushed back the Seljuks from Nicaea to Iconium (Konia), but in the latter part of the twelfth century the Eastern Empire again showed symptoms of decrepitude, and at the opening of the thirteenth century it suffered an irreparable blow.
		In 870, during the reign of the Emperor Basil I, the victory, pregnant with consequences for Bulgaria, was assured to Constantinople.
		The Emperor, John V, bowed to the inevitable, recognized the Ottoman conquest of Thrace as definitive, and agreed to become the vassal of the Sultan (1363).
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/Marr03.html (7801 words)

	AllRefer.com - Theodore I, Byzantine emperor of Nicaea (Ancient History, Late Roman And Byzantine, Biography) - ...
		1222, Byzantine emperor of Nicaea (1204–22), son-in-law of the Byzantine emperor Alexius III.
		He escaped from Constantinople after it was captured (1204) by the Latins of the Fourth Crusade and founded a Byzantine state at Nicaea (see Nicaea, empire of).
		Uniting nearly all of W Asia Minor except the Turkish sultanate of Iconium, he kept his state intact against Henry of Flanders, Latin emperor of Constantinople, and against the Seljuk Turks.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/Theodr1-Byz.html (233 words)

	The Fourth Crusade and the establishment of the Latin Empire In 1195 Isaac II was deposed and blinded by his brother ...
		Of the three, Nicaea lay nearest to Constantinople, between the Latin Empire and the Seljuq sultanate of Rum; and its emperors proved worthy of the Byzantine traditions of fighting on two fronts at once and of skillful diplomacy.
		The most successful of the Latin emperors was Baldwin's brother, Henry of Flanders, after whose death in 1216 the Latin Empire lost the initiative and the recovery of Constantinople became a foreseeable goal for the Byzantines in exile.
		In August 1261 Michael VIII was crowned as emperor in Constantinople; the boy heir to the throne of Nicaea, John IV Lascaris, was blinded and imprisoned.
	www.history-world.org /byzantine3.htm (5471 words)

	Council of Nicaea
		A second council was held in Nicaea in 787 which validated the veneration of images and sent out an order to restored images in churches throughout the Roman Empire.
		The council was convened by Emperor Constantine 1, and 318 of 1800 bishops in the Roman Empire attended.
		A few other figures, Eusebius of Nicomedia, Theognis of Nicaea and Maris of Chalcedon, who had been supportive of Arius, felt compelled to sign the Nicene creed in respect of the emperor, but the emperor came to suspect their sincerity and had them also expelled from the church.
	lexicorient.com /e.o/nicaea_council.htm (530 words)

	ANISTORITON: Viewpoints (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Refugees from the capital, provincial governors, and mere adventurers were able, with varying success, to profit from the situation and glorify their opportunism with an aura of patriotic fervour by establishing a number of succession states.
		Eventually, the Despotate of Epiros was transformed from a mere resistance movement into a kingdom, whose ruler proudly adopted the title of Emperor of the Romans in defiance of the self-appointed Emperor at Nicaea; and the overthrow of the Latin Empire and the recovery of Constantinople became its aim.
		Michael Angelos Komnenos Doukas was an illegitimate son of john Angelos Komnenos, the Sebastokrator, and first cousin of the Emperors Isaac II and Alexios III.
	www.anistor.co.hol.gr /english/enback/v981.htm (1837 words)

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