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Topic: Empirical relationship

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	A resource-based perspective on the dynamic strategy-performance relationship: an empirical examination of the focus ...
		We use a resource-based perspective to study the relationship between the focus and differentiation strategies and firm performance as one approach to delving into the dynamics of this relationship.
		This period is especially illustrative of firm dynamics since strategies often change in response to the influx of capital from the IPO and performance sights may now shift to the shorter term.
		From this framework, we propose a model of the strategy-performance relationship and describe the research design that was used to estimate this model.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m4256/is_n4_v19/ai_15004253 (865 words)

	Empiricism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Empiricism (greek εμπειρισμός, from empirical, latin experientia - the experience), is the philosophical doctrine that all human knowledge ultimately comes from the senses and from experience.
		Empiricism denies that humans have innate ideas or that anything is knowable a priori, i.e., without reference to experience.
		Empirical is an adjective often used in conjunction with science, both the natural and social sciences, which means the use of working hypotheses which are capable of being disproved using observation or experiment (ie: ultimately through experience).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Empirical (998 words)

	An empirical relationship between seismic attenuation and velocity anomalies in the upper mantle
		An empirical relationship between seismic attenuation and velocity anomalies in the upper mantle
		The relationship is similar to a predicted relation derived from laboratory experiments on peridotite and dunite, assuming the observed anomalies result from temperature variations.
		Citation: Roth, E. Wiens, and D. Zhao (2000), An empirical relationship between seismic attenuation and velocity anomalies in the upper mantle, Geophys.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2000/1999GL005418.shtml (236 words)

	Empirical relationship -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Other times the empirical relationships are merely approximations, often equivalent to the first few terms of the (Click link for more info and facts about Taylor series) Taylor series of the "real" answer (though in practice these approximations may be so accurate it is difficult to tell they're approximations).
		And on occasion, what was thought to be an empirical factor is later deemed to be a fundamental (Click link for more info and facts about physical constant) physical constant.
		An empirical equation is simply a mathematical statement of one or more empirical relationships in the form of an (A mathematical statement that two expressions are equal) equation.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/em/empirical_relationship.htm (160 words)

	Empirical relationship between pH and the boron isotopic composition of Globigerinoides sacculifer: Implications for ...
		Empirical relationship between pH and the boron isotopic composition of Globigerinoides sacculifer: Implications for the boron isotope paleo-pH proxy.
		This empirical relationship is similar but slightly offset (by ~ 3 per mil) from that of O. universa indicating the presence of biogenic influence ("vital effect") on the boron isotopic composition of foraminifera.
		The results imply that in spite of a small biogenic influence the variation in boron isotopic composition of foraminiferal shells with pH (at least for O. universa and G. sacculifer) is consistent with that for inorganic calcite, demonstrating the potential of this isotopic signature in foraminifera as a reliable paleo pH proxy.
	www.awi-bremerhaven.de /Publications/San2001a_abstract.html (289 words)

	Definition of "Relationship Between Variables"
		Empirical researchers are generally much more interested in directly predicting or controlling the values of the response variable in an empirical research project (i.e., in predict- ing or controlling expected value) than in predicting or con- trolling the values of higher moments (e.g., variance) of the response variable.
		Empirical researchers are generally interested in minimizing the (error) variance in the values of the response variable in a research project.
		Thus despite Popper's emphasis on falsification, in technical discussions about empirical research it is reasonable to empha- size the concept of verifying the existence of a relationship be- tween variables (and further study of the relationship) instead of emphasizing the logically equivalent but harder-to-understand concept of falsifying the independence of the variables.
	www.matstat.com /teach/p0045.htm (14074 words)

	Read about Empirical relationship at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Empirical relationship and learn about ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Other times the empirical relationships are merely approximations, often equivalent to the first few terms of the
		Taylor series of the "real" answer (though in practice these approximations may be so accurate it is difficult to tell they're approximations).
		An empirical equation is simply a mathematical statement of one or more empirical relationships in the form of an
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Empirical_relationship (165 words)

	Exploring the Empirical Relationship between Legitimacy and Efficiency
		The empirical implications of these theoretical specifications are illustrated with reference to the expanded corporate disclosure of socially responsible behaviour in annual reports.
		The central issue from this specification of the relationship is to identify the situational characteristics which activate the separate logics of efficiency and legitimacy.
		Our recommendation to empirical researchers is that they should be clear about the specific type of relationship between efficiency and legitimacy which they are advancing and to ensure that their empirical testing agrees with their theorization.
	les.man.ac.uk /ipa97/papers/richar90.html (7015 words)

	Investigation of the relationship between indicator bacteria in mussel flesh and intervalvular fluid and surrounding ...
		It soon became clear that there was no empirical relationship, and, consequently this study was funded to explore the possibility of the existence of a complex relationship.
		The above results (3-7) indicate that the relationship between FC concentrations in mussels and the overlying waters is indeed complex and would probably take years to develop; therefore it was decided to look for an alternative indicator bacterium, which would display an empirical relationship.
		There appeared to be "no" empirical relationship between mussel FIV Clostridium perfringens concentration and their adjacent water Clostridium perfringens concentrations; therefore this work should not be developed in future studies.
	www.fwr.org /fisherie/sr9703f.htm (542 words)

	Intrinsic Motivation and Csikszentmihalyi's Flow Experience: A critique of two factor theories of human motivation in ...
		These empirical measures have shifted from a mere recording of overt response measures, such as salivation, bar pressing, etc. to account for all of the empirical relationships that are implicated by behavior.
		These relationships include not only the sensate properties of physical events or behavior, but the perceptual events which frame them, the neurochemical events that guide the selective perception, and the genetically determined tendencies which cause information to be interpreted or used in certain ways.
		When empirical relationships are discovered which cannot be explained within these guidelines, then a scientist must expand his procedures and data language to account for them, or else define them as representing a different subject matter that is describable by entirely different sets of laws.
	www.homestead.com /flowstate/files/csikszentmihalyi_four.html (19444 words)

	The Empirical Relationship between Average Asset Correlation, Firm Probability of Default and Asset Size
		In this paper, we examine the empirical relationship between the average asset correlation, firm probability of default and firm asset size measured by the book value of assets by imposing the ASRF approach within the KMV methodology for determining credit risk capital requirements.
		The empirical results suggest that average asset correlation is a decreasing function of probability of default and an increasing function of asset size.
		In conclusion, the empirical results suggest that a variety of factors may impact average asset correlations within an ASRF framework, and these factors may need to be accounted for in the final calculation of regulatory capital requirements for credit risk.
	www.defaultrisk.com /pp_super_25.htm (299 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		An empirically interesting way of making this point is to identify different experiences of growth and poverty from the recent history of the developing world, and then to demonstrate that these differing experiences can be explained in a large measure by invoking the notions of elasticity and integrability.
		The point rather is the empirical one that we do not have sufficient understanding of which of the barriers act as the major constraint in different parts of the developing world.
		There is also the methodological problem that while appealing to empirical evidence care is not always taken to isolate the impact of globalisation from that of extraneous factors such as civil wars, natural disasters, temporary disorders in the world economy, and so on.
	www.undp.org /poverty/docs-propoor/ILO-UNDP-employment-poverty-concept-paper.doc (10012 words)

	Residual Life of Corroding Reinforced Concrete Structures in Marine Environment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Therefore, the aim of this investigation is to discuss, based on experimental information from previous investigations, the possibility of linking the degree of degradation (from a load-capacity reduction point of view) to the surface distress (for example, crack width opening) of a corroding reinforced concrete element in a marine environment.
		An empirical relationship between the residual load capacity of a reinforced-concrete element and the degree of reinforcement radius loss by corrosion was estimated, and a second empirical relationship between the surface crack width and the reinforcement radius loss was established based on available experimental data.
		Finally, data between the average corrosion penetration and the maximum pit depth were used to propose an empirical relationship that may be applicable to the performance of corroding prestressed-concrete elements.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?0302786 (231 words)

	The Editor's Message
		I believe that the relationship between empirical research and psychoanalytic practice can be meaningfully divided into three phases.
		At this early point in the history of our discipline, psychoanalysis was struggling to establish itself as a viable alternative to other forms of therapy, and -- not surprisingly -- psychoanalytic theorists and practitioners had not yet developed laboratory paradigms that would allow for rigorous testing of their radical new concepts.
		It is time to stop paying "lip service" to the idea of empirical research testing and extending psychoanalytic concepts, and instead begin to revise and alter our approach to treatment based on these findings.
	www.columbia.edu /~hc137/prs/v3n1/v3n1!2.htm (938 words)

	International Society for Third Sector Research (ISTR)
		This paper examines the conceptual relationship in which formal volunteering is embedded in broader forms of informal volunteering, particip ation and active citizenship, all of which contribute to the production of social capital.
		The second empirical study, a qualitative study based on informant interviews, explored the networks bridging different third sector organisations within a given local area (Onyx and Leonard, 2000).
		The third empirical work concerns a recently completed qualitative study of women volunteers in metropolitan Sydney and country NSW (Onyx, Leonard and Hayward-Brown, 2001), using a focus group methodology.
	www.istr.org /conferences/capetown/abstracts/onyx.html (656 words)

	Empirical Data Solutions \| Software-Development-Web Site Design-SEO-Management
		In today’s world, your web site can, and will be a critical key to success, and we can help you make the most of it.
		Developing a close client relationship allows us to better understand your needs and goals in order to give you a web site that not only looks good, but functions properly and effectively to give you the best results with the most value.
		At Empirical Data Solutions, we specialize in web sites that not only have outstanding graphic quality and design, but that also load quickly and are easy to navigate.
	www.empiricaldatasolutions.com (515 words)

	Inequality and economic growth: the empirical relationship reconsidered in the light of comparable data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Discusses the relationship between inequality and economic growth, and the problems of data analysis.
		Pre-existing empirical work needs to be interpreted with caution., as such work is sensitive to whether the distribution data are measured consistently or not.
		the estimates obtained in cross- country empirical work on economic growth are highly sensitive to thesample of countries included.
	www.eldis.org /static/DOC8445.htm (326 words)

	Approaches (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Either not defined, or poor empirical expression primarily used to give some response of transpiration (via stomatal conductance) to enhanced CO Direct effects on Ball and Berry model and from stomatal conductance onto transpiration and water loss.
		Empirical relationships between leaf [N] and the parameters of the non rectangular hyperbola exist but these are not modified by enhanced CO Direct effects on the V
		Some models use an empirical relationship between stomatal conductance and plant evapo/transpiration which gives some response of soil water status to CO Others ignore the potential effect altogether.
	www.face.bnl.gov /Modelling/newpage21.htm (692 words)

	Empirical Relationship between Use, Area, and Ambient Air Concentration of Methyl Bromide -- Li et al. 34 (2): 420 -- ...
		Empirical Relationship between Use, Area, and Ambient Air Concentration of Methyl Bromide -- Li et al.
		Empirical Relationship between Use, Area, and Ambient Air Concentration of Methyl Bromide
		proposed a methodology for systematically exploring the empirical
	jeq.scijournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/34/2/420 (254 words)

	[No title]
		The various authors refer to it in terms of an empirical lawful relationship, in the sense that ‘when things are arranged in the order of p, under certain specified conditions, they are also arranged in the order of q’ (Ellis 1968: 90).
		The form of this function f cannot be discovered or tested empirically, because that would involve knowing the values of both Y and X, and X is the unknown variable that we are trying to measure.
		However, invariant relationships are not always the result of ceteris paribus environments but could also occur because the influence of the environment is negligible, in other words invariant relationships could also be ceteris neglectis regularities.
	philsci-archive.pitt.edu /archive/00001892/01/Measurement_outside_the_laboratory.doc (3569 words)

	Soc 19 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For example, if we find a significant relationship in a crosstabulation of presidential vote by highest degree earned, we can interpret this as signalling a relationship between political participation and education.
		We are interested in the relationships among concepts, and not necessarily the particular variables we are using.
		In contrast, mediating means "comes in between," and this kind of relationship signifies that the control variable occurs after the independent variable, but before the dependent variable.
	academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu /soc/courses/19/6.htm (1715 words)

	CRIEFF Discussion Paper Number 9916 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		However, the contemporaneous and dynamic empirical relationship beween volume and returns in futures data, with attendant implications for futures market microstructure, remains largely unresolved due to the inconclusive nature of the extant empirical literature.
		Results suggest the existence of not only a positive and contemporaneous relationship between absolute returns and volume, but also a bidirectional causal relationship for most series and frequencies, consistent with the sequential arrival of information hypothesis, but with different speeds of information dissemination across markets.
		Inspection of the relationship between volume and actual returns further reveals only limited evidence of a statistically significant contemporaneous or dynamic relation, but consistent with an inverse relationship between informational asymmetry and market efficiency.
	www.st-andrews.ac.uk /crieff/dp9916.html (163 words)

	A Quick Overview of the subject and intent of this paper
		It is a well established empirical fact, and the subject of several best selling books, that task performances that are accompanied by the perception of a match between the task skill and demand (e.g.
		The assumption that the facts of flow, intrinsic motivation, playfulness, etc. can be completely accessed through self reports places the flow literature squarely in opposition to the strongly empirical disciplines in psychology, such as cognitive science, learning theory, psycho-linguistics, and neuropsychology which investigate the predominantly non-conscious factors, both informative and instinctual, that generate behavior.
		This difference is severe and compelling, since conscious self reports provide the main subject matter of social and humanistic psychology, and these disciplines have historically ignored and disparaged the evidence provided by the more empirical psychological disciplines that have severely limited the use of analog or metaphorical representations in their respective data languages.
	www.homestead.com /flowstate/files/sdt3.html (19555 words)

	Society, Relationships (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		relationships business relationships healthy relationships society knowledge society information society people society humane society humaine society royal society pilgrim society mayflower society psychological society
		Empirical relationship In science, an empirical relationship is one based on observation rather than theory: that...
		Intervening variable An intervening variable is a hypothetical construct that attempts to explain relationships...
	www.serebella.com /directory/Society/Relationships/Cyberrelationships (258 words)

	Astron. Astrophys. 333, 956-969 (1998)
		In general, the observed IR-cm spectral energy distribution of WR winds cannot be reproduced using either a smooth or clumpy wind, under the assumption of constant ionization in this region.
		We now use an empirical approach to determine the influence of such a high ionization zone on mass-loss rates derived from IR-radio observations.
		We have therefore developed an empirical relationship, based on the assumption that optical emission lines provide relative mass-loss rate estimates, as discussed below.
	aa.springer.de /papers/8333003/2300956/sc4.htm (1050 words)

	High temperature corrosion kinetics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		is an empirical relationship with no fundamental underlying mechanism.
		is also an empirical relationship that is applicable to the formation and build-up of a non-protective oxide layer.
		It is usually to be expected that the oxidation rate will decrease with time (parabolic behavior), due to an increasing oxide thickness acting as a stronger diffusion barrier with time.
	www.corrosion-doctors.org /HotCorrosion/Kinetics.htm (433 words)

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