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Topic: Empress Dowager Longyu

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	Empress Dowager Longyu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Empress Xiao Ding Jing came from the Manchu Yehenara clan and was also a cousin of Guangxu Emperor, who reigned from 1875 to 1908.
		Empress Dowager Cixi eventually grew more hostile to the Imperial Consort Zhen and sent her to a "cold palace", a place reserved for an emperor's disfavoured consorts.
		The Empress Dowager Cixi had maintained before her death that the Qing Dynasty would never again allow the regency of women, but that Long Yu would remain the leading respected figure, and therefore must be consulted on all major decisions.
	empress-dowager-longyu.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Empress_Dowager_Longyu (1308 words)

	Empress Dowager - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Empress Dowager (Chinese, Korean and Japanese: 皇太后; Chinese pinyin Húang Tài Hòu, Korean pronunciation: Hwang Tae Hu, Japanese pronunciation: Kōtaigō) was title given to the mother of a Chinese emperor.
		Numerous empress dowagers held regency during the reign of an underage emperor.
		Many of the most prominent empress dowagers also extended their control for long periods after the emperor was old enough to govern.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Empress_dowager (158 words)

	Read about Puyi at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Puyi and learn about Puyi here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Empress Dowager Longyu signed the "Act of Abdication of the Emperor of the Great Qing" (《清帝退位詔書》) on February 12, 1912, following the Xinhai Revolution, under a deal brokered by
		His first choice for wife was Wen Xie (1907-1950/51), who was deemed by court officials to be not beautiful enough to be an empress; designated a concubine, she eventually divorced him.
		His third wife was Tan Yuling, whom he married around 1939; teenaged at the time, she was a Manchu who died mysteriously six years later after being attended for her illness by a Japanese-occupation doctor.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Puyi (1715 words)

	Guangxu Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		His consort, who became the Empress Dowager Longyu, signed the abdication decree as regent in 1912, ending two thousand years of imperial rule in China.
		Guangxu was married to Cixi's niece, who was given the honorific title Longyu and became Empress Dowager Xiaoding Jing Longyu Huangtaihou (隆裕太后) after Guangxu's death in 1908.
		His favourite concubine was the concubine of the third rank Zhen (珍妃), better known in English as the "Pearl Concubine", who was pushed down into a well at the order of Cixi after she begged the Empress Dowager to let the Emperor stay in Beijing for negotiating with the foreign powers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Guangxu_Emperor_of_China (1214 words)

	Puyi - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Puyi was in a branch of the imperial family with close ties to Empress Dowager Cixi, who was herself from the (Manchu) Yehe-Nara clan (the imperial family were the Aisin-Gioro clan).
		His father, the 2nd Prince Chun, served as a regent until December 6, 1911 when Empress Dowager Longyu took over in the face of the Xinhai Revolution.
		He and the imperial court were allowed to remain in the northern half of the Forbidden City (the Private Apartments) as well as in the Summer Palace.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia?title=Henry_Pu_Yi&redirect=no (1707 words)

	Online Encyclopedia and Dictionary - Qing Dynasty
		During the early years of his reign, he was largely aided by his grandmother, the Grand Empress Dowager, Xiaozhuang.
		The Empress Dowager Cixi, concubine to the Xianfeng Emperor, the mother of child emperor Tongzhi, and Aunt of Guangxu successfully controlled the Qing government and was the de facto leader of China for close to 40 years.
		With permission from Empress Dowager Longyu, Yuan began negotiating with Sun Yat-sen, who decided that his goal had been achieved in forming a republic, and that therefore he could allow Yuan to step into the position of President of the Republic.
	fact-archive.com /encyclopedia/Qing_Dynasty (4863 words)

	Oriental Artifacts Online - oriental arts and crafts, gifts and décor - e-News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Puyi was in a branch of the imperial family with close ties to Empress Dowager Cixi (or Tzu Hsi), who was herself from the (Manchu) Yehe-Nara clan (the imperial family were the Aisin-Gioro clan).
		Puyi was chosen by Empress Dowager Cixi on her deathbed, and ascended to the throne at age 2 years and 10 months, in December 1908, following his uncle's death on November 14.
		Empress Dowager Longyu signed the 'Act of Abdication of the Emperor of the Great Qing' on February 12, 1912, with the imperial court in Beijing and the republicans in southern China.
	www.orientalartifacts.com.au /contacts/archive/news0412.html (1106 words)

	English Channel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On Jan. 16, Yuan Shikai arrived at the Hall of Moral Cultivation and asked Empress Dowager Longyu to call a meeting of the nobles to discuss the emperor's future.
		Yuan Shikai took his leave from Empress Dowager Longyu and left the palace by East Flowery Gate where revolutionaries attacked him.
		Empress Dowager Longyu broke down after she read the abdication decree.
	www.cctv.com.cn /english/TouchChina/China20th/20020801/100102.html (526 words)

	Oriental Artifacts Online - oriental arts and crafts, gifts and décor - e-News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Puyi was in a branch of the imperial family with close ties to Empress Dowager Cixi (or Tzu Hsi), who was herself from the (Manchu) Yehe-Nara clan (the imperial family were the Aisin-Gioro clan).
		Puyi was chosen by Empress Dowager Cixi on her deathbed, and ascended to the throne at age 2 years and 10 months, in December 1908, following his uncle's death on November 14.
		Empress Dowager Longyu signed the 'Act of Abdication of the Emperor of the Great Qing' on February 12, 1912, with the imperial court in Beijing and the republicans in southern China.
	orientalartifactsonline.com /contacts/archive/news0412.html (1106 words)

	empress cixi - Books, journals, articles @ The Questia Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		She was Cixi (or Tzuhis), the empress dowager, China s de facto ruler...audiences with the emperor and empress dowager.
		She was Cixi (or Tzuhis), the empress dowager, China s de facto...audiences with the emperor and empress dowager.
		The Summer Palace is where the wicked Dowager Empress Cixi, famous for her long fingernails, imprisoned her nephew, Emperor Guangxu, and seized control of the government.
	www.questia.com /search/empress-cixi (849 words)

	physics - 2nd Prince Chun
		He was born in Beijing while his older half-brother reigned as the Guangxu Emperor, having been chosen by Empress Dowager Cixi in 1875 to succeed the Tongzhi Emperor.
		At the death of Emperor Dowager Longyu in 1913, he was put in charge of the small imperial court that remained around the now non-ruling emperor Puyi, and he managed all the affairs regarding the court until 1924 when Puyi was expelled from the Forbidden City.
		Concubine Dowager Duankuang was the highest ranking woman in the Forbidden City since the death of Empress Dowager Longyu in 1913.
	physicsdaily.com /physics/2nd_Prince_Chun (1466 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He was married to the Empress Gobulo Wan Rong under the suggestion of the Imperial Dowager Concubine Duan-Kang ï¼ˆç«¯åº·å¤ªå¦ƒï¼‰.
		Tongzhi died without a son, and was succeeded by Guangxu Emperor (r.1875-1908), the son of the 1st Prince Chun and his wife, who was the younger sister of Empress Dowager Cixi.
		His first choice for wife was Wen Xiu (1907-1950/51), who was deemed by court officials to be not beautiful enough to be an empress; designated a concubine, she eventually divorced him in 1931.
	mindwallet.com /wiki/Puyi (1875 words)

	Qing Dynasty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Empress Dowager Cixi, concubine to the Xianfeng Emperor (r.
		In 1912, after rounds of negotiations, Longyu issued the Imperial Edict bringing about the abdication of the child emperor Puyi.
		The collapse of the Qing dynasty in 1912 brought an end to over 2000 years of imperial history in China and began an extended period of instability, not just at the national level but in many areas of peoples' lives.
	www.nethider.com /cgi-bin/nph-proxy.cgi/010110A/http/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_Dynasty (6690 words)

	Essential World Architecture Images- Search by style
		During the early years of his reign, he was largely aided by his grandmother, the Grand Empress Dowager, Xiaozhuang.
		The Empress Dowager Cixi, concubine to the Emperor Xianfeng (r.
		With permission from Empress Dowager Longyu, Yuan began negotiating with Sun Yat-sen, who decided that his goal had been achieved in forming a republic, and that therefore he could allow Yuan to step into the position of President of the Republic.
	www.essential-architecture.com /STYLE/STY-CH-QING.htm (6632 words)

	Yong Shikai, Dictator of the Month October, 2006
		The Qing Court at the time was divided between progressives under the leadership of the Guangxu Emperor, and conservatives under the Empress Dowager Cixi, who had temporarily retreated to the Summer Palace as a place of "retirement".
		Making a political alliance with the Empress Dowager, and becoming a lasting enemy of the Guangxu Emperor, Yuan left the capital in 1899 for his new appointment as Governor of Shandong.
		The Empress Dowager and the Guangxu Emperor died within a day of each other in November 1908.
	www.dictatorofthemonth.com /Shikai/Oct2006ShikaiEN.htm (2792 words)

	NTU Info Centre: Qing Dynasty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He reasoned that going to war would be unreasonable and costly, especially when noting that the Qing Government has a goal for constitutional monarchy, and similarly, Sun Yat-sen's government want Republican consititutional reform, both aiming for the benefit of China's economy and populace.
		With permission from Empress Dowager Longyu, Yuan began negotiating with Sun Yat-sen, who decided that his goal has been achieved in forming a republic, and therefore could allow Yuan to step into the position of President of the Republic.
		In 1912, after rounds of negotiations, Longyu issues the Imperial Edict abdicating the child emperor Puyi, thus ending around two thousand years of Chinese Imperial rule.
	www.nowtryus.com /article:Qing_Empire (4480 words)

	Song Dynasty - China History Forum, online chinese history forum
		She was made empress at 16 and deposed at 20 because of dissention sowed by others.
		Upon acceptance of Empress Meng's appointment, he ascended the throne and re-established the Zhao Song dynasty which was historically referrred to as the Southern Song.
		The Jin force was divided into two contingents, one marched into Jiangxi in pursuit of Empress Dowager Longyu, while the other, led by Wushu, attacked Taipingzhou (today's Dangtu in Anhui Province) across the Yangtze River.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?act=findpost&pid=4685747 (10456 words)

	Tian'anmen -- the Gate of Heavenly Peace
		The edicts were later sent to the Ministry of Ceremonies where they were copied onto imperial yellow paper by special scribes and dispatched throughput the empire.
		Ironically, the imperial edict announcing the abdication of the last Qing emperor, Puyi, on December 25, 1911, was issued by Empress Dowager Longyu in the traditional fashion.
		No finer mockery of the "Divinely Appointed Son of Heaven" can be imagined.
	www.china.org.cn /english/features/beijing/30801.htm (1354 words)

	ipedia.com: Xuantong Emperor of China Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Chosen by Cixi on her deathbed, Pu Yi and ascended to the throne at age 2 years 10 months in December 1908 following his uncle's death on November 14.
		His father, Prince Zaifeng served as a regent until December 6, 1911 when Empress Dowager Longyu took over.
		He abdicated on February 12, 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution under a deal whereby Prime Minister Yuan Shikai became president of the new Republic and Puyi retained the title of emperor and the royal family continued to reside in the Forbidden City.
	www.ipedia.com /xuantong_emperor_of_china.html (500 words)

	English Channel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He was a minister after Li Hongzhang who had the full trust of Empress Dowager Cixi during the last 10 years of the Qing Dynasty.
		Empress Dowager Longyu appointed him Prime Minister with full power, and asked Zai Feng, the emperor¡¯s father, to hand over his power.
		Members of the revolutionary party hinted that Yuan Shikai would certainly be the president if he approved of the republic.
	www.cctv.com.cn /english/TouchChina/China20th/20020910/100301.html (592 words)

	Society Fresh : Article '2nd Prince Chun' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		His branch of the imperial family had thus obtained the highest status, and was in a close relationship with Cixi.
		Prince Chun, now deprived of any real power, and with his worst enemy in power, stepped down on December 6, 1911, and was replaced by Empress Dowager Longyu (隆裕太后) (his sister-in-law) as regent.
		As he returned to his home that day, he was quoted telling his family: "Now I am back among the family, and I can finally care for the children".
	www.society-fresh.net /DisplayArticleFull852166.html (1490 words)

	Re: Qing and Yi Dynasties - Japan Forum
		I know Pu Yi never fathered any children - but his brother Pu Chieh did have two daughters - one commited suicide in the 1950's but the other remaining daughter is still alive and has children.
		However, there were other princes who had children and some still carried their imperial surname.
		The only empress China ever had was Empress Wu Zetian.
	www.jref.com /forum/showthread.php?t=15906&goto=nextoldest (1582 words)

	2nd Princess Chun - China-related Topics AA-AD - China-Related Topics
		1903) from the Guwalgiya clan, one of the leaders of the conservative faction at the court, and a staunch supporter of Empress Dowager Cixi.
		She rewarded him for his support by allowing his daughter to get married into the imperial family.
		Lady Aisin-Gioro committed suicide in 1921 by swallowing opium after being scolded at a public audience by Concubine Dowager Duankang (端康太妃) for the misconduct of the young emperor Pu Yi.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/2nd_Princess_Chun (376 words)

	Pinyin romanization guidelines clarification of practices
		100 0 $a Chengtian, $c Empress dowager of China, $d 953-1009
		100 0 $a Longyu, $c Empress dowager of China, $d 1868-1913
		The names of royal persons that include the name of the dynasty or territorial designation are established under AACR2 rule 22.8C.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/pinyin/rom1.html (2923 words)

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