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	Empress Wu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Her father was Wu Shihuo (武士彠) (577-635), a member of a renowned aristocratic family of Shanxi, and an ally of Li Yuan, the founder of the Tang Dynasty, in his conquest of power (Li Yuan was himself from a renowned aristocratic family of Shanxi).
		Wu Zetian was not born in Wenshui, as her father was a high ranking civil servant serving in various posts and locations along his life.
		Empress Wu died nine months later, perhaps consoled by the fact that her nephew Wu Sansi (武三思), son of her half-brother and as ambitious and intriguing as she, had managed to become the real master behind the scenes, controlling the restored emperor through his empress consort with whom he was having an affair.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wu_Zetian,_Empress_of_China (1674 words)

	Empress Wu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Wu Zetian (武則天) (625 - December 16, 705), personal name Wu Zhao (武曌), was the only female emperor in the history of China, founding her own dynasty, the Zhou (周), and ruling under the name Emperor Shengshen (聖神皇帝) from 690 to 705.
		Not long afterwards, most probably in 651, she was reintegrated into the imperial palace by Emperor Gaozong, son of Taizong, who had been struck by her beauty while visiting and worshipping in the nunnery.
		Wu later had Wang and Xiao executed in a cruel manner -- their arms and legs were battered and broken, and then they were put in large wine urns and left to die after several days of agony.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Empress_Wu_Zetian_of_China (1674 words)

	ªZ«h¤Ñ - Wu Zetian
		Wu Zetian was also careful to avoid the charge that her family benefited too greatly from her position.
		This was the start of Empress Wu's role in political affairs and the beginning of her seize of power.
		Warned that the Empress' unrestrained influence was detrimental to the empire, Gaozong considered deposing Empress Wu in late 664.
	www15.brinkster.com /orientalempire/life2.htm (555 words)

	Female Hero: Empress Wu Zetian (Women in World History Curriculum) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		She was Wu Zetian, the only female in Chinese history to rule as emperor.
		The Empress Wu took over the administrative duties of the court, a position equal to the emperor.
		In 690, Wu's youngest son removed himself from office, and Wu Zetian was declared emperor of China.
	www.womeninworldhistory.com /heroine6.html (744 words)

	The Empress' New Clothes: A Daoist Ordination Scroll and Female Authority in the Ming period (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Empress Zhang's investiture as a Daoist Master is not mentioned in the records of the Ming, or in her official biography.
		Similarly, the daughters of Wu's son, the deposed Emperor Ruizong, were ordained as a filial gesture when Empress Wu died in 710, and to escape the vicious politics of the Tang court.
		Empress Zhang and the ladies of her court are particularly associated with the nuns of a temple that lay on the outskirts of Peking, the Baomingsi, ``Protecting the Ming Temple''.
	www.foxthompson.net /ldt/aaszhang (4052 words)

	Mabelyn.com - Infamous Women
		Wu Meiniang was the daughter of a prestigious general in the service of the first T'ang emperor, T'ai-tsung.
		Wu waited for a while and finally in 655 she planted a wooden figure with a nail through it's chest under Wang's bed that was discovered by the emperor who accused Wang of practicing witchcraft, imprisoned her along with Lady Shiao and went on to marry Wu.
		Wu had four sons by Kao-tsung and Hung, the eldest was intelligent and brave.
	www.mabelyn.com /infamous_women/wu.htm (1293 words)

	Chinese history:Tang Dynasty-Women of the Tang Dynasty
		Having worked as Emperor Taizong's secretary for 12 years, Wu Zetian was very familiar with the former emperor's main priorities in his management of state affairs, many of which she followed, for example, his stress on agriculture, reducing tax and corvee, practicing a peaceful foreign policy, and widely soliciting advice and suggestions.
		During Wu Zetian's reign, the achievements of her predecessors were carried forward and further developed, eventually bringing the Tang Dynasty to the peak of its Kaiyuan splendor.
		Wu Zetian left orders that upon her death a tablet should be erected in front of the tomb in which she and Emperor Gaozong were buried, but that this tablet be left blank.
	www.chinavoc.com /history/tang/women.htm (2625 words)

	Wu Tse-t'ien Biography / Biography of Wu Tse-t'ien Biography Biography
		Wu Tse-t'ien or Wu Chao is often known as Empress Wu.
		Empress Wang, the wife of the new emperor Kao-tsung, felt insecure because she was not her husband's favorite.
		Wu's reign, which was traditionally regarded as a regrettable and illegitimate hiatus in T'ang rule, was actually a time of important institutional change.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-wu-tse-tien (556 words)

	Xi'an tour,China tours,China travel information,Guilin tour,Yangtze river cruise,Tibet tours,China Silk Road tours (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Chung-tsung's wife, Empress Wei, sought to be like Empress Wu for her husband was weak as was his father.
		Wu had no ambition on behalf of her family, she was only determined to retain power for herself until the end.
		The elder statesmen opposed having Wu as empress because her family was not one of the great artistocratic clans.
	www.chinainfinity.com /webpages/provinces/shaanxi/wuzetian.htm (506 words)

	Empress Wu Zetian
		Wu Zhao, also known as Wu Zetian or Empress Wu, was born in 624 A.D, the daughter of an influential noble.
		Empress Wu died at approximately age 80, a troubled and tormented person who often sought advice and counsel from soothsayers and witches.
		In conclusion, Empress Wu was a malicious and cunning woman, who used her beauty and guile to achieve her own agenda.
	www.hyperhistory.net /apwh/bios/b3wuempress.htm (1011 words)

	history3b
		The victory of this war, for Empress Wu, was the proof that she was able to rule the country better than everyone else.
		Empress Wu understood that most of the great military aristocracy were unwilling to submit the domination of a woman, so she provided the lower gentry and men still lower on the social scale with higher status.
		Empress Wu believed in Buddhism; she attached great important to this religion and also to the Chinese culture.
	www.cyberport.uqam.ca /english/countries/china/history3b.htm (1317 words)

	Empress ruled the Empire? - China History Forum, online chinese history forum
		Wu also had lotsa male lovers which included captains of the guard, her personal doctor and some she even shared with her own daughter!! The most notorious of her lovers would the brothers Zhang Zhong Bao (I forgot the names of the other ones).
		The semi-mythical Empress Jingu is even supposed to have led an invasion of Korea in the 3rd century while pregnant with the child of her late husband the emperor (this son was later deified as the Japanese war god Hachiman).
		This empress was no paragon of virtue and although like Deng Sui she was childless, she poisoned the only concubine who had borne Andi a son, and then had the son himself demoted from the position of Crown Prince.
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=469 (4502 words)

	Ancient China: The T'ang, 618-970
		As empress, she vigorously and brilliantly learned the lay of the political landscape and steadily exiled political opponents in the imperial court.
		The Chinese tend to vilify Empress Wu and tell (most likely false) stories of her sexual appetites and her Buddhist fervor, but she was perhaps one of the most able and brilliant of the Chinese emperors, and she had a profound influence on Chinese culture.
		The T'ang empire reached its military apogee during the reign of Empress Wu; when she was deposed in 705, the empire soon fell into a series of court schemes and intrigues which severely weakened the central government.
	www.wsu.edu /~dee/CHEMPIRE/TANG.HTM (1874 words)

	China_Heads_of_State
		She had been Empress Wu Zetian's trusted aide prior to her enthronement, and for several decades the destiny of the Tang Empire was in the hands of these two exceptional women.
		After the death of Empress Wu Zetian, the court of the reinstalled emperor Zhongzong was controlled by the clan of his wife, Empress We, her daughter Princess Anle and Wu Sansi, a relative of late Empress Wu Zetian.
		She became empress in 1092 but while she was favored by both Gao and by her mother-in-law, Xiang (1045-1101), the emperor was enamored of another palace woman, Liu (d.1113).
	www.guide2womenleaders.com /China_Heads.htm (3508 words)

	Empress Wu Zetian of China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Wu Zetian (武則天 pinyin: Wu3 Ze2tian1) (625-705), reigning name Empress Wu (武后 Wu3-hou4), self-named Wu Zhao (武曌 Wu3 Zhao4), from Wenshui (文水, now in Shanxi), is the only reigning female in the history of China.
		She began as a member of the harem of Emperor Tang Taizong of China and was given the name Wu Mei (武媚 Wu3 Mei4).
		After Gaozong suffered a stroke, she began to govern China from behind the scenes through him and subsequent puppet emperors, only assuming power herself in 690, when she declared the Zhou Dynasty (not to be confused with the first Zhou Dynasty, lasting from 1122 BC to 256 BC).
	usapedia.com /e/empress-wu-zetian-of-china.html (349 words)

	wu.html
		The story of Empress Wu The hand-painted bowls are of the finest porcelain and originally had matching porcelain lids.
		Wu, one of the most famous (or notorious) women in Chinese history, usurped the ruling power after the death of her husband (the 4th emperor of the Tang Dynasty).
		When she took power, she named herself Wu Chou and one of the 19 new Chinese characters invented by her was one to represent her name.
	www.tcsn.net /sloarchaeology/wu.html (1124 words)

	Welcome! Alyssa Chia's Fans - Last Date of Updates:5/26/2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Empress Wu ZeiTian is so famous that many directors like to write teleplays base on her topics.
		When Wu MeiNiang was born, Yuan TianGang came to her house, and he told her parents that she would rule Tang Dynast.
		He met Wu MeiNiang accidently, and he was attracted by her immediately.
	www.freewebs.com /bestalyssachia/legendarywumeiniang.htm (1147 words)

	Exalted - Jade City Chat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		While most of the Iselsi were either killed or made vassals of the Empress, the Wu fled to the Threshold in an attempt to save their lives and their sovereignty.
		The Wu's reign is in no way completely secure, and should the Emissary perform her duties badly or carelessly, the family could very well end up in ruin.
		The Wu are the masters of Jade, the pinnacle of respect in the hearts of the people and unquestioned in their domain.
	www.white-wolf.com /jadecity/wu.htm (6946 words)

	Female Hero: Empress Wu Zetian-Resources (Women in World History Curriculum)
		What has been considered the "official" Confucian histories of Wu were written almost three hundred years after her reign and tend to be prejudicial in assessing her political career.
		While not ignoring the her unsavory schemes and acts, the decisions she makes are presented in the context of her time and are balanced by descriptions of her positive reforms and accomplishments.
		The painting of the female dancer on the Empress Wu biography page is a Tang dynasty tomb painting, one of many from the period that have been preserved in tombs of the elite.
	www.womeninworldhistory.com /moreWu.html (590 words)

	Qianling Tomb - Xi'an, Empress Wu Zetian
		She was the seventh daughter of Tang Emperor Zhongzong (Li Xian), and the grand daughter of Tang Emperor Gaozong and his wife Empress Wu Zetian.
		Wu Zetian thought that she was attacked by insinuations and compared to Lu Hou.
		But most people believed that Wu Zetian was afraid that he would stage a come-back, so she had him murdered.
	www.cnhomestay.com /city/xian/qianling.htm (2485 words)

	The Jade Owl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The woman, Wu Chou-erh, was a concubine to the T’ang Emperor Kuang-tsung and rose to power by diverting the Emperor’s attention away from his ruling first wife, Empress Wang-shr.
		The brothers were murdered; and Wu Tze-t’ien was forced to abdicate in favor of the Emperor she had deposed twenty years earlier.
		Wu Tze-t’ien and the brothers were blind, seeing nothing but the ghosts of Wang-shr and Xiao Shu.
	www.dancaster.com /jolegend.htm (2294 words)

	Discussions, Comments China the Beautiful -November 1999
		Empress Wu zetian (Wu Zhao) was sent to a Buddhist temple, not a Daoist temple, as a nun following the death of her first husband, the Emperor Taizong.
		Wu Zetian was a woman ahead of her times, capable of outwitting any man with brains and charms, but also negatively personified as one capable of killing anyone, even her children, to achieve her ambitions.
		The study of Wu Zetian is exciting and the later Qing Empress Cixi (of the Boxer rebellion fame) tried to imitate her with disastrous consequences to the Manchu dynasty and setting the Qings onto its terminal stage.
	www.chinapage.com /archive/guestread-99-11.html (15322 words)

	BigSoccer Boards - Empress Wu of Chinese Tang Dynasty had a Persian to lead the secret police.
		Empress Wu of Chinese Tang Dynasty had a Persian to lead the secret police.
		Doing an essay on Empress Wu, you must keep in mind that most of the writings about her are from Confucius Scholars.
		Emperor Wu was anti-Confucius and pro-Buddhist and Daoist, because the teachings of Daoism and Buddhism was not anti-female and Confucius teachings were.
	www.bigsoccer.com /forum/showthread.php?t=163718 (3580 words)

	Wu Hou -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Pinyin Wu Hou (posthumous name, or shih), original name (Wade–Giles romanization) Wu Chao, also called Wu Tse-t'ien woman who rose from concubinage to become empress of China, ruling effectively for many years, the last 15 (690–705) in her own name.
		Wu Hou entered the palace of the T'ang emperor T'ai Tsung as a junior concubine, at the age of 13, in 638.
		A military strategist and general, Sun-tzu, whose personal name was Sun Wu, served the state of Wu near the end of the Spring and Autumn period (771–481 BC).
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9077583?tocId=9077583 (779 words)

	History Alive! The Medieval World and Beyond Biographies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Wu Chao was the emperor’s concubine for 11 years, until his death.
		There is even a story that Wu Chao strangled her own daughter and then accused the empress of killing her.
		One of Wu Chao’s most important contributions was the change she made in the government.
	www.teachtci.com /biographies/U4Bio.asp (526 words)

	Wu Zetian
		As Wu Zetian had always expressed a strong interest in politics and had given him many great suggestions, Gao Zong let her run the country on his behalf.
		Because the two oldest sons of Wu Zetian and Gao Zong met with an untimely end, the third one ascended the throne and became the emperor Zhong Zong.
		Wu Zetian became the empress when she was in her thirties.
	www.edhelper.com /ReadingComprehension_42_5.html (565 words)

	Articles - Emperor Zhongzong of Tang China (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He was son of Emperor Gaozong of Tang China and Empress Wu.
		The Empress Wu and her nephew, Wu Sansi, ran the court with a great deal of corruption.
		Empress Wei then installed her 16-year-old son to be the new Emperor Shao Di, so she could take control of the nation.
	www.gaple.com /articles/Emperor_Zhongzong_of_Tang_China?mySession=7c1e2c75aeb9279079f47d83315e3b83 (375 words)

	Empress Wu Zetian
		Time can not erase the extradinary deeds of Empress Wu Zetian, and her romances still exert an attraction on people.
		After the death of Emperor Taizong, Wu Meiniang is sent to the Ganyie Temple where she suffers all kinds of humiliations.
		In a series of court conflicts, she kills her own daughter so as to put the blame on the Empress, and defeats the Prime Minister Zhangsum Wuji.
	www.chinesemall.com /emwuzet.html (174 words)

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