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Topic: Encapsulation (networking)

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Encapsulation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia encapsulation (networking), in computer networking, is to include data from an upper layer protocol in a lower layer protocol encapsulation (pharmacology), to enclose medicines in a usable form This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Encapsulation   (133 words)

eZines and Journals of microelectronics, semiconductors and related areas Analog, ASICs, Audio, Batteries, Consulting, Discretes, DSP, EDA, Embedded Systems, Filters, Foundry Freeway, Home Automation, IP&E, Languages, Memory, Motor Control, Multi-Media, Networking, Online Tools, Operating Systems, Power & Power ICs, Processors, Programmable Logic, Robotics, Security, Sensors, Signal Integrity, Speech, Tools, Tests & Measurement, Transportation, Utility Companies, Wireless. IC Insights offers coverage of global economic trends, the IC market forecast, capital spending and fab capacity trends, product market details, and technology trends, as well as complete IC company profiles and evaluations of emerging markets for ICs. IC Insights is dedicated to providing high-quality, cost-effective market research for the integrated circuit industry. www.sansalone.de /engl/LK_semi_journals.htm   (133 words)

generic from FOLDOC <networking, protocol> (GRE) A protocol which allows an arbitrary network protocol A to be transmitted over any other arbitrary network protocol B, by encapsulating the packets of A within GRE packets, which in turn are contained within packets of B. Defined in RFC 1701 and RFC 1702 (GRE over IP). Generic programs often embody non-traditional kinds of polymorphism; ordinary programs are obtained from them by suitably instantiating their parameters. The universal quantifier "for all a:" means that a is a generic type variable. www.instantweb.com /D/dictionary/foldoc.cgi?generic   (858 words)

CCNA ICND 640-811 Exam Preparation Training Frame Relay encapsulation - Cisco and IETF (RFC1490/RFC2427) Students should already have a working knowledge of binary and hexadeciamal numbering systems, basic networking, network protocols, Microsoft Windows, Internet / intranet access and a fundamental knowledge of various networking devices including hubs, bridges, switches and routers. This is a single course that is a substitute for the two separate courses of INTRO 640-611 and ICND 640-621 and is, in effect, a merging of these two other courses with any duplication removed. www.hn-networks.co.uk /ccna.html   (858 words)

networking_desc.doc Implementation: MPLS in IP encapsulation in the Linux Kernel, BGP-kernel interaction Implementation of OSPF 2-way Floodgates using GNU Zebra on Linux OSPF floodgates provide a mechanism to suppress flooding of OSPF Link State Update packets in the network. SKILLS Networking: TCP/IP, IP Routing Protocols (OSPF/BGP), IP Multicast (DVMRP, IGMP), MPLS, ATM, Configuration of Cisco Routers, Network Analysis/Design, GNU Zebra, Composite Protocols, Active Networking. A security extension and a variation of the conventional BGP/MPLS VPN model, that enables VPN packets to be carried over non-MPLS core networks. www.ittc.ku.edu /~sandeeps/networking_desc.doc   (641 words)

Toggit Certification Home for MCSE CCNA A+ study guides and test prep The encapsulation of one protocol within another, often used to transport a local-area network protocol across a backbone that does not support that particular protocol. They are popular because they are robust, solid protocols that solve many of the most difficult networking problems and do so in an elegant and efficient way. Tunneling is also used to create pseudoconnections across connectionless networks such as the Internet and may be referred to as protocol encapsulation or synchronous pass-through. www.toggit.com /Library/pedia/techno.asp?Term=t&Techno=Letter   (5570 words)

Point to Point Protocol (PPP) PPP also established a standard for assigning and managing IP addresses, asynchronous and bit-oriented synchronous encapsulation, network protocol multiplexing, link configuration, link quality testing, error detection, and option negotiation for added networking capabilities. PPP also established a standard for the assignment and management of IP addresses, asynchronous (start/stop) and bit-oriented synchronous encapsulation, network protocol multiplexing, link configuration, link quality testing, error detection, and option negotiation for such capabilities as network layer address negotiation and data-compression negotiation. PPP uses the principles, terminology, and frame structure of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) HDLC procedures (ISO 3309-1979), as modified by ISO 3309:1984/PDAD1 "Addendum 1: Start/Stop Transmission." ISO 3309-1979 specifies the HDLC frame structure for use in synchronous environments. www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/ppp.htm   (1207 words)

Point to Point Protocol (PPP) PPP also established a standard for assigning and managing IP addresses, asynchronous and bit-oriented synchronous encapsulation, network protocol multiplexing, link configuration, link quality testing, error detection, and option negotiation for added networking capabilities. PPP also established a standard for the assignment and management of IP addresses, asynchronous (start/stop) and bit-oriented synchronous encapsulation, network protocol multiplexing, link configuration, link quality testing, error detection, and option negotiation for such capabilities as network layer address negotiation and data-compression negotiation. PPP uses the principles, terminology, and frame structure of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) HDLC procedures (ISO 3309-1979), as modified by ISO 3309:1984/PDAD1 "Addendum 1: Start/Stop Transmission." ISO 3309-1979 specifies the HDLC frame structure for use in synchronous environments. www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/ppp.htm   (1207 words)

Serial Line Internet Protocol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP) is a mostly obsolete encapsulation of the Internet Protocol designed to work over serial ports and modem connections. On microcontrollers, however, SLIP is still the preferred way of encapsulating IP packets due to its very small overhead. Both SLIP and PLIP have been replaced by increasingly-common networks, including home networking– and by other peer-to-peer connections such as USB, used to transfer files to a second computer where a network is not necessary or available. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Serial_line_IP   (250 words)

iSCSI - a Whatis.com definition When an end user or application sends a request, the operating system generates the appropriate SCSI commands and data request, which then go through encapsulation and, if necessary, encryption procedures. iSCSI is Internet SCSI (Small Computer System Interface), an Internet Protocol (IP)-based storage networking standard for linking data storage facilities, developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). By carrying SCSI commands over IP networks, iSCSI is used to facilitate data transfers over intranets and to manage storage over long distances. whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,,sid9_gci750136,00.html   (250 words)

Intelligent Electronic Systems The Intelligent Electronic Systems (IES) program at CAVS is developing next generation smart networking technology for collaborative decision-making. While creation of a new XML-SRGS language model is facilitated by our graphical network construction tool, isip_network_builder, reformatting an already existing XML-SRGS language model for use with our system requires manual editing to achieve proper.sof encapsulation and to impose an IHD ordering of sentence, word, and phone levels if so desired. Our research expertise spans communications, signal processing and intelligent systems. www.cavs.msstate.edu /hse/ies   (246 words)

Ansoft Customers - Freescale Semiconductor The design team observed detectable changes in performance in all of the devices after encapsulation, including noticeable differences in the S-parameters, reduced package isolation, increased capacitance, increased loss, and frequency shift. The company provides products to the automotive, networking, and wireless communications industries. Freescale is a leading global semiconductor company focused on providing embedded processing and connectivity products to large, high-growth markets. www.ansoft.com /customers/freescale.cfm   (246 words)

Comments on Ericsson Review paper on ad-hoc networking This approach is also pursued within the Bluetooth SIG PAN working group, where a networking protocol, referred to as the Bluetooth Network Encapsulation Protocol (BNEP), is being developed to provide an Ethernet like interface to IP. In summary, the best way of providing networking among the nodes in a Bluetooth scatternet would be to perform the packet forwarding on a Bluetooth network layer residing below IP. A scatternet that provides broadcast segment-like connectivity would enable these protocols to work for Bluetooth-based IP hosts that are separated by multiple hops. www.isoc.org /isoc/conferences/inet/01/CD_proceedings/T59/INET_Bluetooth2col.htm   (5852 words)

Point-to-point tunneling protocol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The PPTP protocol works by sending a regular PPP session to the peer with the Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) protocol. PPTP is popular because it is easy to configure and it was the first VPN protocol that was supported by Microsoft Dial-up Networking. The failure of PPTP as a VPN protocol is caused by cryptographic design errors in the Cisco LEAP and Microsoft MSCHAP-v2 handshake protocols, and by key length limitations in MPPE. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Point-to-point_tunneling_protocol   (523 words)

Toggit Certification Home for MCSE CCNA A+ study guides and test prep Tunneling is also used to create pseudoconnections across connectionless networks such as the Internet and may be referred to as protocol encapsulation or synchronous pass-through. A measure of the data-transfer rate through a complex communications or networking scheme. Of the two types, threaded newsreaders are much more convenient to use. www.toggit.com /Library/pedia/techno.asp?Term=t&Techno=Letter   (5570 words)

RFC 2049 Freed and Borenstein Standards Track [Page 4] RFC 2049 MIME Conformance November 1996 Message: -- Recognize and display at least the RFC822 message encapsulation (message/rfc822) in such a way as to preserve any recursive structure, that is, displaying or offering to display the encapsulated data in accordance with its media type. Freed and Borenstein Standards Track [Page 6] RFC 2049 MIME Conformance November 1996 The following guidelines may be useful to anyone devising a data format (media type) that is supposed to survive the widest range of networking technologies and known broken MTAs unscathed. In particular, a Freed and Borenstein Standards Track [Page 8] RFC 2049 MIME Conformance November 1996 period (".") alone on a line is known to be corrupted by some (incorrect) SMTP implementations, and a line that starts with the five characters "From " (the fifth character is a SPACE) are commonly corrupted as well. www.freesoft.org /CIE/RFC/bynum.cgi?2049   (5532 words)

RFC 2549 (rfc2549) - IP over Avian Carriers with Quality of Service One major benefit to using Avian Carriers is that this is the only networking technology that earns frequent flyer miles, plus the Concorde and First classes of service earn 50% bonus miles per packet. Unintentional encapsulation in hawks has been known to occur, with decapsulation being messy and the packets mangled. RFC 2549: Field trails have confirmed that Avian carrier networks are susceptible to virus... www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc2549.html   (773 words)

Embedded.com - Atheros hits home with WLAN chip set Other features on the 802.11a/b/g-compliant chips, said Stauffer, include support for IEEE 802.11e-based quality of service, advanced synchronization to reduce jitter, numerous transport-stream interfaces, an on-board DMA controller and support for the Digital Living Networking Alliance's (DLNA) guidelines, including MPEG encapsulation into other protocols and encryption for digital rights management (DRM). The AR5005VA chip set is available in both two- and four-antenna configurations. The company is raising the chip set's data rate "to a guaranteed 30 Mbits/s in 2004 for whole-home coverage for a single HDTV channel — rising to 100+ Mbits/s in 2005/2006 for multiple HDTV channels," said Stauffer. www.embedded.com /showArticle.jhtml?articleID=23902516   (773 words)

CommsDesign - Atheros hits home with WLAN chip set Other features on the 802.11a/b/g-compliant chips, said Stauffer, include support for IEEE 802.11e-based quality of service, advanced synchronization to reduce jitter, numerous transport-stream interfaces, an on-board DMA controller and support for the Digital Living Networking Alliance's (DLNA) guidelines, including MPEG encapsulation into other protocols and encryption for digital rights management (DRM). The company is raising the chip set's data rate "to a guaranteed 30 Mbits/s in 2004 for whole-home coverage for a single HDTV channel — rising to 100+ Mbits/s in 2005/2006 for multiple HDTV channels," said Stauffer. The AR5005VA chip set is available in both two- and four-antenna configurations. www.commsdesign.com /showArticle.jhtml?articleID=23902516   (563 words)

Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) Study Guide The candidate should work in networking field at least 2 years or passes the CCNP exams sponsored by Cisco. Having general LAN/WAN knowledge, including data encapsulation and layering; windowing and flow control, and their relation to delay; error detection and recovery; link-state, distance vector, and switching algorithms; management, monitoring, and fault isolation How is the metric used to indicate an unreachable network? www.xincon.com /hhc/opriet/ccie.html   (1061 words)

Business Wire: STATS Expands Wireless Solutions Offering with ... @ HighBeam Research The LGA is a laminate substrate-based, fine pitch chip scale package with plastic over molded encapsulation. STATS' expertise is in testing mixed-signal semiconductors, which are extensively used in fast growing communications applications such as data networking, broadband and mobile communications. The LGA's size range of 4mm x 3mm to 9mm x 9mm is a popular choice for wireless and mixed signal applications and adheres to the JEDEC MO-222 standard. www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:99179674&refid=ink_tptd_np   (564 words)

Point-to-point tunneling protocol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia PPTP is popular because it is easy to configure and it was the first VPN protocol that was supported by Microsoft Dial-up Networking. The PPTP protocol works by sending a regular PPP session to the peer with the Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) protocol. PPTP is difficult to forward past a network firewall because it requires two network sessions. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Point-to-point_tunneling_protocol   (451 words)

Point-to-point tunneling protocol - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The PPTP protocol works by sending a regular PPP session to the peer with the Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) protocol. PPTP is popular because it is easy to configure and it was the first VPN protocol that was supported by Microsoft Dial-up Networking. The failure of PPTP as a VPN protocol is caused by cryptographic design errors in the Cisco LEAP and Microsoft MSCHAP-v2 handshake protocols, and by key length limitations in MPPE. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Point-to-point_tunneling_protocol   (523 words)

Generic HDLC layer for Linux General HDLC layer for Linux is an interface between low-level hardware drivers for synchronous serial (HDLC) cards and the rest of kernel networking. Cisco HDLC (HDLC encapsulation used by Cisco® routers) - IP, IPv6 and IPX protocols Generic HDLC layer is included in the official Linux kernel, available via anonymous ftp from ftp.kernel.org and its mirrors. www.kernel.org /pub/linux/utils/net/hdlc   (1323 words)

Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of Cellular IP Distributed location management, routing, and handoff algorithms lend themselves to a simple, efficient, and low-cost software implementation for host mobility requiring no new packet formats, encapsulation, or address space allocation beyond that present in IP. In contrast, second- and third-generation cellular systems offer seamless mobility support but are built on complex and costly connection-oriented networking infrastructure that lacks the inherent flexibility, robustness, and scalability found in IP networks. Handoff latency is the time that elapses between handoff initiation and the arrival of the first packet along the new route. www.comsoc.org /pci/private/2000/aug/campbell.html   (8037 words)

PoS (Packet over SONET) (Linktionary term) Note: Many topics at this site are reduced versions of the text in "The Encyclopedia of Networking and Telecommunications." Search results will not be as extensive as a search of the book's CD-ROM. RFC 2823 (PPP over Simple Data Link [SDL] Using SONET/SDH with ATM-like framing, May 2000) describes a new encapsulation for PPP called SDL (Simple Data Link). A major goal of service providers is to transport IP packets over underlying physical networks with as little overhead as possible. www.linktionary.com /p/pos.html   (8037 words)

Managing Your Virtual Private Network Virtual Private Networking (VPN) technology is a secure way to connect your peers to your network. VPN requires two systems, or networks, connected to the Internet that create a secure connection using encapsulation and encryption. VPN has many merits and a bright future, including a widespread belief that it is destined to replace all dedicated circuits such as T-1 and frame relays. www.sciodata.com /vpn/vpnmonitoring.htm   (960 words)

Virtual Private Networking In VPN networks they are emulated using data encapsulation and tunneling i.e. A private network is one where all data paths are secret to a certain extent, yet open to a limited group of persons, for example, to employees of a specific company. After this introduction, the definition of a VPN as a dedicated private network based on the existing public network infrastructure and incorporating data encryption and tunnelling techniques to provide data security, is pretty straightforward. www.windowsecurity.com /articles/Virtual_Private_Networking.html   (3004 words)

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