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Topic: Endothelial

In the News (Thu 16 Feb 12)

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	Fuch's Endothelial Dystrophy
		Late hereditary (Fuchs’) endothelial dystrophy is usually seen in the fifth or sixth decade of life.
		Excessive central guttata in the absence of corneal edema is termed endothelial cell dystrophy.
		Endothelial cell dystrophy may remain stable or progress to Fuchs’ dystrophy.
	www.revoptom.com /handbook/SECT29a.HTM (794 words)

	Blue Histology - more about Endothelial Cells
		Endothelial cells are very flat, have a central nucleus, are about 1-2 µm thick and some 10-20 µm in diameter.
		Endothelial cells are selective filters which regulate the passage of gases, fluid and various molecules across their cell membranes.
		It has long been realised that the endothelial cells become "injured" either physically by abrasion or toxic insult (such as from nicotine) and large molecules, which are normally confined to the blood, are allowed to escape through the endothelium and become lodged in the smooth muscle cells in the arterial wall.
	teaching.anhb.uwa.edu.au /mb140/MoreAbout/Endothel.htm (1220 words)

	RedOrbit - Health - Folate and Vitamin B6 Rapidly Normalize Endothelial Dysfunction In Children With Type 1 Diabetes ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Endothelial dysfunction, a precursor of vascular disease, begins early in type 1 diabetes mellitus and is associated with folate status.
		Endothelial function, assessed as flow-mediated dilation and glyceryltrinitrate-induced dilation with high-resolution ultrasound of the brachial artery, was measured at baseline, at 2 and 4 hours after the first dose (n = 35), and at 4 and 8 weeks of treatment (n = 122).
		Endothelial dysfunction, a fundamental event in the development of atherosclerosis,1 occurs early in type 1 diabetes, before clinically detectable atherosclerotic disease.2 It is critical to the pathogenesis of microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes.3
	www.redorbit.com /news/health/590430/folate_and_vitamin_b6_rapidly_normalize_endothelial_dysfunction_in_children/index.html?source=r_health (4944 words)

	eMedicine - Dystrophy, Fuchs Endothelial : Article Excerpt by: Daljit Singh, MS, DSc (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Background: Fuchs endothelial dystrophy is characterized by an asymmetrical, bilateral, slowly progressive edema of the cornea in elderly patients.
		The root cause of the condition is a slowly progressive formation of guttate lesions between the corneal endothelium and the Descemet membrane.
		Endothelial cell attrition rises with increasing number and size of the guttate lesions.
	www.emedicine.com /oph/byname/dystrophy-fuchs-endothelial.htm (599 words)

	Deep Lamellar Endothelial Keratoplasty With Femtosecond Laser
		Deep Lamellar Endothelial Keratoplasty (DLEK) is an endothelial cell transplant technique developed to allow transplant of the corneal endothelial cell layer and its basement membrane, Descement's layer.
		The primary problem is endothelial cell dystrophy (Fuch's Dystrophy), or endothelial cell loss from P-IOL, during cataract surgery or RLE, trauma to the eye, and other disease.
		DLEK is an endothelial cell transplant technique wherein a disk of endothelial cell tissue is removed from a donor cornea and placed on the underside of the recipient cornea, replacing a disk of endothelial cell tissue of equal size that has been removed from the recipient.
	www.usaeyes.org /faq/subjects/dlek.htm (540 words)

	biocompatible interfaces - endothelial cells on polymer surfaces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Cultered human umbilical venous endothelial cells are frequently used to study properties of cardiovascular implants.
		Endothelial cells are isolated enzymatically from the vein of the human umbilical cord with collagenase and incubated for a week until confluence.
		The importance of the adsorption of adhesive proteins onto polymer surfaces for the adhesion of endothelial cells was illustrated by means of the microprinting technique.
	www.ipfdd.de /research/res16/a3/a3.html (399 words)

	Growth-factor therapy improves endothelial cell production and mobility in arterial disease
		Scientists have discovered recently that a healthy crop of circulating endothelial progenitor cells ÐÐ the stem, or precursor cells to those that line the insides of blood vessels ÐÐ is essential to a person's overall cardiovascular health and unimpeded blood circulation.
		Endothelial cells enable communication between the vessels themselves and circulating blood cells, allowing the blood to flow smoothly.
		Individuals with PAD have decreased blood flow to the muscles of the legs, caused by the blockage or narrowing of the arteries, often leading to intermittent pain during walking.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-03/euhs-gti031006.php (456 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in normal Iranian eyes
		The endothelial cell counts in the study population were also compared with previously described values for the Indian and American populations [6].
		When performing intraocular procedures, endothelial trauma should be minimized, and specular endothelial microscopy is recognized as being essential in evaluating the safety of new intraocular or corneal surgical procedures and intraocular lenses [10-13].
		Although investigators differ in their findings about the relationship of age and gender to endothelial characteristics, it is clear that significant differences in corneal endothelial properties do exist among races and ethnic groups [4-7].
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2415/6/9 (2575 words)

	Plasmodium falciparum Malaria: Reduction of Endothelial Cell Apoptosis In Vitro -- Hemmer et al. 73 (3): 1764 -- ...
		Endothelial apoptosis is induced by serum of patients after cardiopulmonary bypass.
		Microvascular endothelial cell death and rarefaction in the glucocorticoid-induced hypertensive rat.
		Apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by the neutrophil serine proteases proteinase 3 and elastase.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/73/3/1764 (4149 words)

	Article #2731, Direct Evidence of Endothelial Injury During Cardiopulmonary Bypass by Demonstration of Circulating ...
		Circulating endothelial cells have recently been established as a novel marker of endothelial damage in a variety of vascular disorders.
		Circulating endothelial cells (CEC) were isolated with immunomagnetic anti-CD146-coated Dynabeads, and counted in a Nageotte chamber.
		CEC appear to be most useful markers for vascular endothelial activation because they are specific, stable, and circulating components of injured vessel wall.
	www.perfusion.com /cgi-bin/absolutenm/templates/mobilearticledisplay.asp?articleid=2731 (242 words)

	Antiretrovirals Induce Direct Endothelial Dysfunction In Vivo
		Endothelial dysfunction is a sensitive marker and early event in atherosclerosis, and many have suggested that protease inhibitors promote endothelial dysfunction indirectly by inducing elevations in circulating lipids.
		Prior reports suggest that endothelial dysfunction contributes to antiretroviral-associated cardiovascular diseases.9 Studies by our laboratory and by others showed that antiretrovirals induce endothelial cell cytotoxicity in vitro,10,11 indicating that these drugs may have a direct deleterious effect on the vascular endothelium.
		To determine whether the observed endothelial dysfunction and ET-1 release were associated with lipid modulating effects of the drugs administered, we measured total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the plasma.
	www.natap.org /2006/HIV/081006_07.htm (1890 words)

	Chemicon - Product #SCR023 - Endothelial Cell Characterization Kit
		Endothelial cells form the inner lining of blood vessels and serve as the cellular interface between the circulating blood and the vessel wall.
		Endothelial cells are involved in many aspects of vascular biology, including inflammation, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, blood clotting, vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
		Chemicon's endothelial cell characterization kit enables researchers to characterize cultured endothelial cells in both a constitutive and activated state using basic immunocytochemistry techniques.
	www.chemicon.com /browse/productdetail.asp?ProductID=SCR023 (403 words)

	Endothelial cells and VEGF in vascular development : Nature
		Endothelial cells are therefore likely to have a key role in providing a niche for regulating neural stem-cell activity.
		Endothelial cells are also found in other areas where stem cells reside and might have important roles in promoting their maintenance and survival.
		Bone-marrow endothelial cells regulate proliferation and differentiation of more-committed progenitors of the myeloid and megakaryocyte lineages
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v438/n7070/full/nature04479.html (7620 words)

	Endothelial Progenitor Cell Counts Predict Liver Cancer Prognosis - CME Teaching Brief® - MedPage Today
		Explain that this study indicates that patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who have higher levels in their blood of specialized endothelial progenitor cells derived from bone marrow are more likely to have a poor prognosis.
		The elevated levels of endothelial progenitor cells may be a marker for the aggressive angiogenesis that is a hallmark of hepatocellular carcinoma pathology, the authors suggested.
		To determine whether circulating bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cell levels correlated with the aggressiveness of the tumor, the authors enrolled 80 patients (44 men, 36 women, mean aged 57.6 years, range 31-82 years).
	www.medpagetoday.com /HematologyOncology/OtherCancers/tb/4245 (907 words)

	Corneal Endothelial Microscopy
		Corneal endothelial microscopy (also known as specular microscopy and endothelial cell photography) involves the use of a specular microscope to visualize the cornea and perform an endothelial cell count.
		Corneal endothelial microscopy is used by ophthalmologists as a predictor of success of ocular surgery or certain other ocular procedures.
		Corneal endothelial microscopy, performed as a part of a work-up prior to cataract extraction, should be considered an integral part of the pre-surgical comprehensive eye examination.
	www.bcbst.com /MPManual/Corneal_Endothelial_Microscopy.htm (538 words)

	CHEMICON's Endothelial Cell Markers
		Endothelial type 1 membrane protein and on common precursors of endothelial and hematopoietic stem cells
		Intracellular region of endothelial type 1 membrane protein and on common precursors of endothelial and hematopoietic stem cells
		Extracellular domain of endothelial membrane protein tyrosine kinase receptor and on common precursors of endothelial and hematopoietic stem cells
	www.chemicon.com /techsupp/endothelial.asp (185 words)

	Endothelial Keratoplasty -- DLEK & DSEK Sutureless Corneal Transplant Surgery Techniques
		Endothelial keratoplasty is gradually becoming mainstream as the surgery has become easier to perform.
		This is the first report of endothelial cell counts after DSEK surgery in only 16 cases and so it is not possible to know if the higher cell loss from DSEK compared to DLEK is due to the difference in surgery or simply inter-surgeon variation.
		Finally, it may be possible one day to prevent the need for EK entirely by directly stimulating the patient’s remaining endothelial cells to regenerate, utilizing viral vectors to transfer genetic material which induces and controls endothelial mitosis.
	www.dlek-dsek.com /endothelialkeratoplasty.htm (3971 words)

	Endothelial Function Laboratory
		In addition, obesity may be directly linked to atherosclerosis as it is associated with the presence of vascular endothelial dysfunction, an important early factor in atherogenesis.
		Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery and forearm blood flow (FBF) in response to reactive hyperemia, nitric oxide and endothelial dependent processes, along with several obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors will be measured at baseline, mid-way and at the completion of the study in 50 overweight subjects.
		Endothelial dysfunction participates in both the initiation and the progression of the atherosclerotic process and is a marker for increased future cardiovascular risk.
	www.med.umich.edu /endothelial/patresources.htm (2069 words)

	Endothelial Cell Injury Caused by Candida albicans Is Dependent on Iron -- Fratti et al. 66 (1): 191 -- Infection and ...
		Endothelial Cell Injury Caused by Candida albicans Is Dependent on Iron -- Fratti et al.
		Endothelial cells were harvested from human umbilical veins by the method of Jaffe et al.
		Endothelial cells were exposed to either medium alone (open bars) or 60 µM phenanthroline (solid bars) for 24 h, after which adherence and phagocytosis were measured as described in Materials and Methods.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/66/1/191 (4438 words)

	Derivation of Endothelial Cells from CD34- Umbilical Cord Blood -- Murga et al. 22 (3): 385 -- Stem Cells
		Endothelial cell precursors are normal components of human umbilical cord blood.
		Isolation and characterization of endothelial progenitor cells from mouse embryos.
		The molecular organization of endothelial cell to cell junctions: differential association of plakoglobin, beta-catenin, and alpha-catenin with vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin).
	stemcells.alphamedpress.org /cgi/content/full/22/3/385 (4050 words)

	Skin Research Center: Endothelial Cell: T Cell Interactions - Dermatology
		They have also defined unique aspects of dermal microvascular endothelial cell junctions which are affected by inflammatory mediators and result in alteration of barrier properties.
		His laboratory studies the roles of vascular endothelial cells in immunity and inflammation, and have concentrated on skin microvessels for many of their studies.
		Porcine endothelial cell activation, the species and phenotype of infiltrating cells, and intra-graft cytokine expression is determined by immunohistology.
	info.med.yale.edu /dermatology/src/guides/endothelialcell.html (1969 words)

	Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Characterization and Role in Vascular Biology -- Urbich and Dimmeler 95 (4): 343 -- ...
		Endothelial progenitor cells: mainly derived from the monocyte/macrophage-containing CD34- mononuclear cell population and only in part from the hematopoietic stem cell-containing CD34+ mononuclear cell population.
		Minor contribution of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitors to the vascularization of murine gliomas.
		Endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction: a novel concept in the pathogenesis of vascular complications of type 1 diabetes.
	circres.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/95/4/343 (6310 words)

	NEJM -- Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Cardiovascular Outcomes
		Endothelial progenitor-cell levels were not predictive of myocardial
		Baumhakel, M., Werner, N., Bohm, M., Nickenig, G. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells correlate with erectile function in patients with coronary heart disease.
		Rosenzweig, A. Circulating Endothelial Progenitors -- Cells as Biomarkers.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/short/353/10/999 (1479 words)

	Endothelial function is impaired in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
		To test this hypothesis, we assessed endothelial function, as well as insulin sensitivity, in subjects with biopsy-proven NASH and controls matched for body mass index (BMI).
		Endothelial vascular function was determined by measuring changes in leg blood flow (LBF) in response to graded intrafemoral arterial infusions of the endothelium dependent vasodilator methacholine (MCh).
		Whether the endothelial dysfunction is attributable to the elevated LDL-cholesterol levels, or the differences in insulin sensitivity, or to the intrinsic process of NASH itself, requires further investigation.
	www.natap.org /2005/adverse/adverse_21.htm (320 words)

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