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Topic: Endothelial microparticles

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	Antioxidants - Nutritional Information - HERSHEY'S
		Endothelial Function/Nitric Oxide: Endothelial function refers to the arterial ability to dilate and constrict under various circumstances.
		Although there are many serum markers of cardiovascular risk, endothelial function testing may represent a better measure of the overall effect susceptibility to cardiac events.
		Perhaps the most interesting and meaningful aspect of endothelial function tests is the underlying physiological mechanism which is influenced by cocoa flavanols.
	www.hersheys.com /nutrition/antioxidants.asp (1620 words)

	Endothelial microparticle -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The microparticle consists of a (A thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a cell; controls passage of substances in and out of the cell) plasma membrane surrounding a small amount of (The aqueous part of the cytoplasm within which various particles and organelles are suspended) cytosol.
		The endothelial microparticles in some of these disease states have been shown to have arrays of cell surface molecules reflecting a state of (additional info and facts about endothelial dysfunction) endothelial dysfunction.
		Therefore, endothelial microparticles may be useful as an indicator or index of the functional state of the endothelium in disease, and may potentially play key roles in the pathogenesis of certain diseases.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/en/endothelial_microparticle.htm (250 words)

	Circulating endothelial microparticles lead to heart valve disease
		Under normal physiological conditions, low levels of microparticles are continually being shed into the blood from the endothelium — the cells that line the inside of blood vessels and some organs —and appear to cause no problems.
		In the study, endothelial cells from the mitral valve tissue of a heart of an infant who received a heart transplant were exposed to increasing levels of endothelial-derived microparticles.
		The researchers say that adjusting endothelial-derived microparticles during these and other diseases may become a means to prevent endothelial injury in valvular disease and perhaps other forms of heart disease.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-04/mcow-cem032806.php (436 words)

	Endothelial tissue (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The endothelium is the layer of thin, flat cells that lines the interior surface of bloodvessels, forming an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.
		The corneal endothelium is a layer of fluid-transport epithelial cells in the eye, responsible for the hydration ofthe cornea.
		Endothelial dysfunction, or the loss of proper endothelial function, is a hallmark for vascular diseases, andoften leads to atherosclerosis.
	www.therfcc.org /endothelial-tissue-5136.html (237 words)

	Endothelial microparticles released in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura express von Willebrand factor and markers of ...
		Endothelial microparticles released in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura express von Willebrand factor and markers of endothelial activation.
		Endothelial microparticles released in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura express von Willebrand factor and markers of endothelial activation.Markers of apoptosis were negative.
		In TTP patients, CD62E+ and CD31+/CD42b- EMP were markedly elevated, and preceded and correlated well with a rise in platelet counts and a fall in lactate dehydrogenase.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/10060625.html (282 words)

	Quantitation of Atherosclerosis-associated Endothelial Microparticles (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The initial event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is the activation or disturbance of the endothelial cells which line the artery and maintain the integrity of the inner arterial wall.
		Upon activation, endothelial cells shed fragments of their plasma membranes, referred to as microparticles, into the bloodstream.
		The subject invention provides a precise and reproducible measurement of circulating atherosclerotic-associated endothelial microparticles that is both qualitative and quantitative.
	www.vard.org /tts/avail/04-171.htm (557 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Release of annexin V-binding membrane microparticles from cultured human umbilical vein ...
		Plasma membrane microparticles (MP) of endothelial origin have been identified in normal human blood [1-3] and increased counts of MP carrying endothelial antigens were documented in the blood of patients with lupus anticoagulant [1], acute coronary syndrome [4], thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura [5] or in patients with exacerbated multiple sclerosis [6].
		Release of annexin V-binding membrane microparticles in subconfluent, confluent and overgrown HUVEC culture treated with camptothecin HUVEC at 24 hrs (50% of confluence), 48 hrs (reaching confluence) or 72 hrs (overgrown) in culture were incubated for 24 hrs with 0.5 % DMSO, 500 nM or 5 μM CPT in medium.
		Endothelial antigens CD 105 and CD 59 were both expressed on living cells, apoptotic bodies and other cell fragments in CPT treated HUVEC culture but CD 105 was absent on 50% of annexin V-binding membrane microparticles
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2121/3/11 (5125 words)

	Transfer of the chemokine receptor CCR5 between cells by membrane-derived microparticles: A mechanism for cellular ...
		The release of microparticles from eukaryotic cells is a well-recognized phenomenon.
		Microparticles derived from B lymphocytes and dendritic cells have the capacity to present antigens and to induce antigen-specific T-cell responses
		Endothelial cells were distinguished by FACS analysis from residual PBMCs by their light-scattering properties and the absence of leukocyte markers such as CD4, CD8 and CD14.
	www.nature.com /nm/journal/v6/n7/full/nm0700_769.html (5083 words)

	Journal of Neuroinflammation \| Full text \| Interferon-beta1a reduces plasma CD31+ endothelial microparticles (CD31+EMP) ...
		Endothelial adhesion and transendothelial migration of activated leukocytes through blood brain barrier (BBB) is thought to be a crucial step in formation of demyelinating lesions of MS within CNS [1-4].
		Unlike other endothelial beds, cerebral endothelial cells have tight junctions which provide a highly impermeable anatomic and physiologic barrier to inward trafficking of various molecules and cells in the intravascular compartment.
		Increased permeability of the endothelial barrier of the BBB largely results from interactions among activated monocytes and T cells with cerebral endothelial cells, coupled with lymphokine and chemokine production, leading to cell adhesion to cerebrovascular endothelium and transendothelial migration across the BBB [2-4].
	www.jneuroinflammation.com /content/3/1/23 (3105 words)

	Circulating CD31+/Annexin V+ Apoptotic Microparticles Correlate With Coronary Endothelial Function in Patients With ...
		Endothelial microparticles released in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura express von Willebrand factor and markers of endothelial activation.
		Elevated circulating endothelial membrane microparticles in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.
		Endothelial microparticles correlate with high-risk angiographic lesions in acute coronary syndromes.
	atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/26/1/112 (2541 words)

	Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Promotes Formation of Endothelial Microparticles With Procoagulant Potential -- ...
		Because the observed increase in the proportion of microparticles
		Endothelial dysfunction of the coronary microvasculature is associated with coronary blood flow regulation in patients with early atherosclerosis.
		Endothelial cell in physiology and in the pathophysiology of vascular disorders.
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/106/18/2372 (3416 words)

	Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Background: Microparticles (MP) from endothelial cells (endothelial microparticles; EMP) circulate in disease states, but the processes underlying their release such as apoptosis or cell activation remain unclear.
		Objectives: We investigated whether adherent (viable) or detached (apoptotic) endothelial cells are the possible source of EMP in vitro, i.e.
		The presence of caspase 3 in MP from anucleated cell types, however, suggests that its presence may not necessarily be related to apoptosis in vivo but may be associated with caspase 3 activation unrelated to apoptosis.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /isth2005/abstract.asp?id=45912 (315 words)

	Leukaemia/lymphoma cell microparticles in childhood mature B cell neoplasms -- Savasan et al. 57 (6): 651 -- Journal of ...
		Leukaemia/lymphoma cell microparticles in childhood mature B cell neoplasms -- Savasan et al.
		Endothelial cells (EC) release phenotypically distinct endothelial microparticles (EMP) in activation vs. apoptosis: findings in TTP patients [abstract].
		Interaction of endothelial microparticles (EMP) with leukocytes: potential roles of EMP in thrombosis and inflammation [abstract].
	jcp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/57/6/651 (1519 words)

	Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Endothelial microparticles may play role in thrombotic complications of APS, June 24, 2004
		Endothelial microparticles may play role in thrombotic complications of APS
		The endothelial cell is a target of aPL which can induce a procoagulant and proinflammatory endothelial phenotype, as reported both in vivo and in vitro.
		Dignat-George and colleagues published their study in Thrombosis and Haemostasis (Endothelial microparticles: a potential contribution to the thrombotic complications of the antiphospholipid syndrome.
	www.obgyn.net /newsheadlines/womens_health-Antiphospholipid_Syndrome-20040624-5.asp (476 words)

	High levels of circulating endothelial microparticles in patients with acute coronary syndromes. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		High levels of circulating endothelial microparticles in patients with acute coronary syndromes.
		This study is aimed at assessing possible correlations between EMPs, which are markers of endothelial injury, and clinical subgroups of patients with CAD.
		Recently, it has been shown in vitro that endothelial cells (ECs) release endothelial microparticles (EMPs) on activation or apoptosis and that an assay of EMPs can provide useful information on EC status in patients with thrombotic disorders.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/9694871.html (288 words)

	Penn Engineering \ Faculty \ Faculty Research by Department
		Human blood outgrowth endothelial cells have reduced dependence on growth factors and phorbol esters for elongation, network formation, and lumen formation during in vitro angiogenesis.
		Endothelial Cell Mechanobiology: This research ultilizes molecular and cell biology approches to explore issues related to cardiovascular disease of the arterial system.
		We are interested in defining and promoting the hemodynamic regulation of endothelial phenotypes associated with enhanced vasodilatory activity and smooth muscle cell growth antagonism.
	www.seas.upenn.edu /faculty/facdir-dept.html (14202 words)

	Vascular 'Microparticles' May Help Spur Disease
		It's normal for low levels of microparticles to be shed into the blood from the endothelium -- the layer of cells that line the blood vessels and some organs.
		In the study, the Wisconsin team examined whether abnormally high levels of circulating endothelial microparticles affect the endothelial cells that line the heart valve leaflets (flaps).
		The researchers studied endothelial cells from the mitral valve of a heart taken from an infant who had undergone a heart transplant.
	news.healingwell.com /?p=news1&id=531939 (336 words)

	Increased Ratio of CD31+/CD42- Microparticles to Endothelial Progenitors as a Novel Marker of Atherosclerosis in ...
		Increased Ratio of CD31+/CD42- Microparticles to Endothelial Progenitors as a Novel Marker of Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemia -- Pirro et al.
		Microparticles to Endothelial Progenitors as a Novel Marker of Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemia
		the release of microparticles that are mainly of endothelial
	atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/26/11/2530 (3453 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		WESTPORT, CT (Reuters Health) May 22 - Assessment of endothelial dysfunction, based on shedding of endothelial microparticles (EMP) expressing platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31) in plasma, can be used as a marker of disease activity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), according to researchers from the University of Miami, Florida.
		It has been shown previously that endothelial dysfunction may contribute to the progression of MS, "but direct assay of endothelium has been difficult," Dr. Wenche Jy and colleagues explain in the May 22nd issue of Neurology.
		The researchers suggest that CD31 + EMP is a marker of acute endothelial injury, while CD51 + EMP is a marker of chronic injury to the endothelium.
	www.mult-sclerosis.org /news/May2001/MarkerMSProgression.html (280 words)

	New York Medical College - Chironian Spring/Summer 2005
		OVERVIEW OF A BLOOD VESSEL: Vascular endothelial cells form a thin layer on the interior surface of all vessels and are known to function in a variety of important physiological processes.
		Essentially all of the endothelial cell functions involve interactions with neighboring cells or extracellular matrix, in which the endothelial cell surface components must play an important role.
		Endothelial cells secrete a number of factors that may elicit biological responses by various signaltransduction mechanisms.
	www.nymc.edu /pubs/Chironian/Spring2005/goligorsky.asp (1414 words)

	Gay Research Archives: January 2007.
		Age-dependent recruitment of neutrophils by fetal endothelial cells: implications in scarless wound healing.
		Modification of nitrogen remobilization, grain fill and leaf senescence in maize (Zea mays) by transposon insertional mutagenesis in a protease gene.
		The role of membrane lipids in the induction of macrophage apoptosis by microparticles.
	gay.researchtoday.net /archive/4/1 (315 words)

	Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The aim of this study was to measure the levels of endothelial microparticles (EMP) in chronic renal failure patients, either undialyzed (CRF) or hemodialyzed (HD), and to investigate the ability of uremic toxins to induce EMP release in vitro.
		In addition, endothelial cells (HUVEC) were incubated with uremic toxins, oxalate, indoxyl sulfate, p-cresol, and homocysteine, at concentrations found in patients.
		The ability of p-cresol and indoxyl sulfate to increase EMP release by cultured endothelial cells, provides evidence that specific uremic factors are involved in EMP elevation in patients.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /isth2005/abstract.asp?id=45936 (299 words)

	Elevated Levels of VE-Cadherin-Positive Endothelial Microparticles in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and ...
		(I to J) Histogram analyses of CD31-expression in microparticles derived from HCAEC and platelets.
		Elevated levels of shed membrane microparticles with procoagulant potential in the peripheral circulating blood of patients with acute coronary syndromes Circulation 2000;101:841-843.
		In vitro generation of endothelial microparticles and possible prothrombotic activity in patients with lupus anticoagulant J Clin Invest 1999;104:93-102.
	content.onlinejacc.org /cgi/content/full/45/10/1622 (4310 words)

	Vitamin C Foundation News
		Congestive heart failure patients suffer from endothelial dysfunction, which causes disturbances in the blood vessels and restricts the blood supply to the body, weakening the heart.
		Nitric oxide causes dilation of the blood vessels and is derived from L-arginine in endothelial cells, macrophages, neutrophils, platelets, etc. It is a gaseous mediator of cell-to-cell communication formed in bone, brain, endothelium granulocytes, pancreatic cells, and peripheral nerves.
		This supports the concept that endothelial cell dysfunction in patients with CHF is, at least in part, due to the accelerated degradation of nitric oxide by free radicals.
	www.vitamincfoundation.org /news.htm (9323 words)

	Prevalence of circulating procoagulant microparticles in women with recurrent miscarriage: a case-controlled study -- ...
		Barry OP, Practico D, Lawson JA and Fitzgerald GA (1997) Transcellular activation of platelets and endothelial cells by bioactive lipids in platelet microparticles.
		Mallat Z, Benamer H, Hugel B and Benessiano J (2000) Elevated levels of shed membrane microparticles with procoagulant potential in the peripheral circulating blood of patients with acute coronary syndromes.
		Mesri M and Altieri DC (1998) Endothelial cell activation by leukocyte microparticles.
	humrep.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/19/1/191 (2616 words)

	Elevated Endothelial Microparticles Following Consecutive Meals Are Associated With Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in ...
		Elevated Endothelial Microparticles Following Consecutive Meals Are Associated With Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes -- Tushuizen et al.
		Microparticles were isolated and analyzed as described (9,13)
		Amabile N, Guerin AP, Leroyer A, Mallat Z, Nguyen C, Boddaert J, London GM, Tedgui A, Boulanger CM: Circulating endothelial microparticles are associated with vascular dysfunction in patients with end-stage renal failure.
	care.diabetesjournals.org /cgi/content/full/30/3/728 (1492 words)

	Endothelium-derived microparticles impair endothelial function in vitro -- Brodsky et al. 286 (5): H1910 -- AJP - Heart ...
		Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases: the role of oxidant stress.
		Endothelial cell dysfunction leading to diabetic nephropathy–focus on nitric oxide.
		Isolated microparticles, but not whole plasma, from women with preeclampsia impair endothelium-dependent relaxation in isolated myometrial arteries from healthy pregnant women.
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/286/5/H1910 (3607 words)

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