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Topic: Energy harvesting

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	CiteULike: Converter and controller for micro-power energy harvesting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		A pulsed-resonant ac-dc converter and an integrated-circuit (IC) controller have been designed, fabricated, and tested for harvesting energy from low-voltage (1.2 V), low-power (1-100 /spl mu/W) energy transducers with output frequency in the 10 Hz-1 kHz range.
		Simulations using foundry models suggest that the silicon loss could be as low as 0.6 /spl mu/W, and the efficiency could reach 70%.
		With the IC experimentally packaged, the measured efficiency is between 50% and 70%, depending on the size and the loss in the resonant inductor.
	www.citeulike.org /user/summerxia/article/423783 (288 words)

	Energy harvesting - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Energy harvesting is the process by which energy is captured and stored.
		Energy harvesting devices which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy have attracted much interest in both the military and commercial sectors.
		Energy can also be harvested to power small autonomous sensors such as those developed using MEMS technology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Energy_harvesting (562 words)

	Energy and Permaculture \| EnergyBulletin.net \| Peak Oil News Clearinghouse
		The energy laws governing all natural proceses are well understood and have not been challenged by any of the revolutions in scientific thinking during the 20th century.
		Since all forms of energy can be converted into heat, energy can be defined as:a quantity that flows through all processes, measured by the amount of heat it becomes (the calorie is the unirtof measure of heat energy).
		Energy Basis for Man and Nature is an accessible text on Odum's work written for high school and undergraduate students with only minimal matbs and science.
	www.energybulletin.net /832.html (3387 words)

	Energy-harvesting chips: The quest for everlasting life
		Since harvested energy manifests itself in irregular, random, low energy "bursts," a power-efficient, discontinuous, intermittent charger is required to transfer the energy from the sourcing devices to the battery.
		Energy that is typically lost or dissipated in the environment is therefore recovered and used to power the system, significantly extending the operational lifetime of the device.
		Moreover, since energy and power are invariably small in a micro-scale system, the system must partition its functions into time slices (time-division multiplex), ensuring enough energy is harvested and stored in the battery before engaging in power-sensitive tasks.
	www.eetasia.com /ART_8800378146_765245_1fe14900.HTM (2182 words)

	Power Management in Wireless Networks
		Energy savings are achieved by allowing non-backbone nodes to sleep periodically, as well as by periodically changing which nodes in fact make up the backbone.
		Ambient energy is all around in the form of vibration, strain, inertial forces, heat, light, wind, magnetic forces, etc [Brown06].
		Energy harvesting techniques allow one to harness this energy and either convert it directly into usable electric current or store it for later use within an electrical system.
	www.cs.wustl.edu /~jain/cse574-06/ftp/energy_mgmt/index.html (7015 words)

	Energy-harvesting chips: The quest for everlasting life
		The energy extracted from these sources is stored in chip-compatible, rechargeable batteries such as thin-film lithium ion, which powers the loading application (e.g., sensor, etc.) via a regulator circuit [2].
		Consequently, energy harvesting (i.e., scavenging) methods must be characterized by their power density, rather than energy density.
		Vibration Energy: Energy extraction from vibrations is based on the movement of a "spring-mounted" mass relative to its support frame [3].
	www.embedded.com /shared/printableArticle.jhtml?articleID=165600694 (2105 words)

	BBC NEWS \| UK \| Magazine \| Charging up the stairs
		Instead it could provide a renewable energy source to power office lighting or laptops - and it may be possible to recharge your mobile phone by walking to the photocopier.
		Energy harvesting is an exciting field to explore, looking at ways to tap into the energy available from the workings of the human body or transport vibrations.
		Energy companies should invest in gym equipment and have their cardio machines linked to energy generators.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/uk_news/magazine/5009358.stm (870 words)

	Empfasis - Reducing Battery Dependency Through Energy Harvesting
		Energy harvesting can play an important role in addressing this need by converting energy from previously unemployed, environmentally-derived sources into usable power.
		An energy management system is necessary to retain the energy produced and to distribute it in an efficient manner.
		Energy harvesting is an emerging technology that strives to reduce battery dependency through improved energy conversion from previously untapped sources and improved storage of converted energy.
	www.empf.org /empfasis/oct04/bat1004.htm (769 words)

	Educational Web Site on Biomass and Bioenergy - definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Harvesting operations have a significant effect on the energy ratio balance and cost of the overall biomass system, hence the use of appropriate technologies and systems is essential for a large scale introduction of biomass to the energy market.
		Technologies and methods for harvesting are as diverse as the properties and characteristics of biomass fuels.
		For short rotation forests, the most important characteristics of the crops from the harvesting standpoint are the moisture content and hardness of the stem.
	www.aboutbioenergy.info /definition_harvesting.html (245 words)

	Energy Crop (closed loop biomass) Harvesting Research.
		We are directing and structuring research into the use of high efficiency energy-crop harvesting systems currently used in Europe, such as the Claas Jaguar forage harvester equipped with a willow head.
		Both traditional scenarios reflect harvesting practices using using feller-bunchers and skidders -- with the improved traditional case based on efficiency improvements demonstrated by Scott Paper Company in Southern Alabama (e.g., cull tree harvesting for energy wood fuel).
		Harvesting Research: In order to position our research efforts to perform "field harvesting tests" using more efficient harvesting equipment, we have configured much of our energy crop plantation in Lakeland to be adapable to the Claas equipment.
	www.treepower.org /harvesting.html (273 words)

	Energy Harvesting and Scavenging Piezoelectric Volture
		This harvested or scavenged energy can then be used to power a multitude of sensors and systems including wireless sensors for clusters or networks.
		To effectively harvest energy from a vibration source using a piezoelectric beam it is paramount to tune the harvester's natural frequency as close to the vibration frequency as possible.
		Mide is currently employing this piezoelectric energy harvester to power a wireless train brake force measurement system.
	www.mide.com /prod_energy_harvester.html (713 words)

	Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
		Though activation energy is, of course, required to get this reaction started, ultimately there is a net gain in energy from the reaction… it is an exergonic reaction
		This is the (chemically available) energy that exists within, for example, the food you eat is associated with electrons locked into chemical bonds.
		Indeed, one can think of the energy required to drive forward the endergonic dehydration synthesis reaction as energy that becomes trapped in chemical bonds and is associated with electrons that are now farther from atomic nuclei than they otherwise might have been (in fact, were).
	www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu /~sabedon/campbl09.htm (1649 words)

	Harvesting Chemical Energy - Cellular Respiration
		This energy is mostly lost as heat but some of it is used to transport protons across the membrane.
		The energy is used to move protons across the membrane to build a proton gradient.
		It is important to understand that the energy released and transferred in cellular respiration has its origin in the process of photosynthesis (and, of course, originally in the sun's energy).
	instruct.westvalley.edu /svensson/Cells/10Respiration.htm (2298 words)

	Integrated Solar-Energy-Harvesting and -Storage Device (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Power tiles could be used in a variety of space and terrestrial environments and would be designed to function with maximum efficiency in the presence of anticipated temperatures, temperature gradients, and cycles of sunlight and shadow.
		The thermoelectric devices would harvest some of the thermal energy incurred when solar radiation raises the temperature on the photovoltaic-cell side relative to the shaded backside.
		The battery would be placed on that opposite side, and the outer surface of its thermally conductive envelope would be coated with a thermally emissive material to aid in creating the greatest possible temperature differential for optimum operation of the thermoelectric device.
	www.nasatech.com /Briefs/Jan04/NPO30433.html (610 words)

	SML \| Research Energy Harvesting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Energy harvesting is the extraction of energy that would otherwise be wasted, from one system to power another.
		Piezoelectric materials can be used to convert mechanical vibrations into electrical energy thus making them useful for energy harvesting.
		Currently a wide variety of piezoelectric materials are available and the appropriate choice for sensing, actuating, or harvesting energy depends on their characteristics and properties.
	www.people.vcu.edu /~kmmossi/harvesting.htm (120 words)

	Oregon Department of Agriculture Energy and agriculture
		The Oregon Department of Agriculture has joined with the Oregon Department of Energy and other State agencies and private sector interests and non-profit organizations to develop a renewable energy strategy for the State of Oregon that can assist in economic development, renewable fuel generation, and energy conservation.
		Sponsored by the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the Colorado Governor's Office of Energy Management and Conservation (OEMC), the Handbook is part of a larger project called the Industries of the Future program, which among other objectives, seeks to expand the use of renewable energy in the agricultural sector.
		For energy efficiency improvements, the minimum acceptable grant request is $1,500 and the maximum is $250,000.
	egov.oregon.gov /ODA/energy.shtml (1380 words)

	Harvesting Clean Energy - Professional Education
		Harvesting Clean Energy is the Northwest's premiere conference bringing together the agriculture and energy industries to explore rural economic opportunities in clean energy production.
		The conference provides a forum for farmers and agriculture leaders, tribes, rural utilities, economic development officials, lenders, and elected officials, as well as public agencies and renewable energy developers.
		The conference was designed to provide a forum for farmers and agriculture leaders, tribes, rural utilities and economic development officials, lenders, and elected officials in the Northwest, as well as public agencies and renewable energy developers.
	www.capps.wsu.edu /cleanenergy (411 words)

	Documents @ NESL : Power Management in Energy Harvesting Se...
		Certain considerations in using an energy harvesting source are fundamentally different from that in using a battery because, rather than a limit on the maximum energy, it has a limit on the maximum rate at which the energy can be used.
		While a deterministic metric such as residual battery suffices to characterize the energy availability in the case of batteries, a more sophisticated characterization may be required for a harvesting source.
		In this case it is important to align the workload allocation with the energy availability at the harvesting nodes.
	nesl.ee.ucla.edu /document/show/187 (325 words)

	Energy harvesting devices - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Energy harvesting devices generate electricity from their surroundings.
		One driving force behind the search for new energy harvesting devices is the desire to power sensor networks and mobile devices without batteries.
		DARPA has funded efforts to harness energy from leg and arm motion, shoe impacts, and blood pressure to for low level power to implantable or wearable sensors.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Energy_harvesting_devices (927 words)

	TPL, Inc. - Advanced Technologies: Micropower (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		On some microsystems there will be no opportunity to replace batteries on a regular basis so they will have to rely on energy harvesting strategies to convert ambient energy (e.g., solar, thermal, vibration, RF, etc.) into electrical energy to provide long-lived power.
		Energy harvesting devices depend on a constant, high quality source of ambient energy to deliver continuous power, but also generally have a low specific power (P*, mW/mm3).
		TPL MicroPower Technologies is developing a family of device that combine energy harvesting with energy storage (both microbatteries and micro-supercapacitors) to meet power needs for autonomous wireless systems.
	www.tplinc.com /HTM/ENERGYHARV.HTM (180 words)

	'Energy harvesting' can boost optoelectronic efficiency - tech - 04 May 2007 - New Scientist Tech
		Fast silicon chips that use both light and electricity to process information and communicate could be made more efficient using a new "energy harvesting" technique developed by US researchers.
		Silicon-based optoelectronic devices promise to revolutionise computing and telecommunications by boosting the speed at which information can be fed through a system and the amount of data, or bandwidth, that can be processed.
		They found that adding a diode to a silicon-based laser creates an electric field, which allows the free elections to be harvested, and as a result makes it possible to generate electric power.
	www.newscientisttech.com /article/dn11784-energy-harvesting-can-boost-optoelectronic-efficiency.html (560 words)

	ENERGY HARVESTING MATERIALS
		The science of energy harvesting materials is experiencing phenomenal growth and attracting huge interest.
		Exploiting recently acquired insights into the fundamental mechanisms and principles of photosynthesis, it is now possible to forge entirely new and distinctive molecular materials and devise artificial photosystems and applications far remote from conventional solar cell technology.
		In this comprehensive treatment of energy harvesting, a team of internationally acclaimed scientists at the forefront of the subject paint a state-of-the-art picture of modern energy harvesting materials science.
	www.worldscibooks.com /chemistry/5891.html (398 words)

	Harvesting Clean Energy
		Our Harvesting Clean Energy program engages a broad array of agricultural, rural development, and clean energy partners in the Northwest to accelerate renewable energy development in rural communities.
		A central feature of the HCE program is the annual Harvesting Clean Energy Conference, now the region's premiere event bringing together the agriculture and energy industries.
		Over 100 agricultural, economic development and energy leaders are collaborating across state lines to further the shared goal of accelerating clean energy production in the rural Northwest.
	www.climatesolutions.org /pages/proj_HCE.html (337 words)

	CiteULike: Evaluation of motions and actuation methods for biomechanical energy harvesting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		biomechanical electromagnetic energy harvesting heel motion scavenging spring strike
		This paper addresses energy harvesting from biomechanical motions.
		For very low power devices, biomechanical energy may be enough to provide baseload power.
	www.citeulike.org /user/summerxia/article/423775 (396 words)

	CommsDesign - 'Energy harvesting' brings power to wireless nets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Demonstrated for the first time at last week's ISA 2003 show in Houston, the partners showed an i-Bean wireless transmitter operating off an inductive vibration energy converter that could generate 1.2 to 3.6 mV from a vibration of between 28 to 30 Hz with a force of 50 to 100 mg.
		Ferro Solutions' Energy Harvesters "use patented inductive techniques" to generate electricity from vibrations that are barely noticeable to the human touch, said Robert O'Handley, senior research scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a cofounder and consultant to Ferro Solutions(Roslindale, Mass.).
		O'Handley said the technique used in energy harvesters optimizes the coupling between the coil and magnet in the transducer to maximize power output generated by vibration, making them a viable power source.
	www.commsdesign.com /story/OEG20031027S0052 (489 words)

	Ferro Solutions Products - Energy Harvesters
		In many cases, energy harvesters can take the place of batteries and eliminate the need for costly labor to replace batteries.
		Our energy harvesters create usable electricity from low-level vibrations, power to run sensors, RF transmitters, micro-motors, and other electrical devices.
		The FS Energy Harvester can be used as a remote, independent power source, supplying a continuous, nearly endless supply of electricity in many environments.
	www.ferrosi.com /products.htm (109 words)

	NASA - Glenn Research Center - Physical Sensors Instrumentation Energy Harvesting
		Aeronautics and space applications require efficient energy conversion with zero emissions of noise and pollutants.
		This research is based on new thermoelectric materials with engineered structures to augment the electric power needs of aerospace applications with zero emissions of noise and pollutants.
		The innovation of the research is the development of new high-temperature thermoelectric ceramics that can be engineered as nanostructures of superlattices and 2-D structures to improve the solid-state energy conversion efficiency.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/sensors/PhySen/Energy_a.htm (386 words)

	Welcome to Darnell.com
		Fresh video coverage of the some of the latest developments in energy harvesting was added in April.
		Sponsorship Opportunity Energy harvesting, energy storage and advanced power management are some of the major issues in terms of the commercial rollout of next-generation low-power electronic devices and systems.
		Energy harvesting and micro-power generators will be two of the key subjects explored in Darnell's upcoming report on Ultra-Low-Power (ULP) Wireless Components and ICs.
	www.darnell.com (1092 words)

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