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	Nacelle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The word nacelle is derived from the Old French nacele, which means a small boat or dinghy, and was in turn derived from the Latin navicella.
		In a jet engine the nacelle is the covering and is composed of the engine inlet, fan cowl, thrust reverser, and the exhaust nozzle.
		The word "nacelle" (along with many other terms of naval origin) is also used in science fiction, such as the Star Trek series, to describe various parts of fictional starships.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nacelle (232 words)

	Jet engine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A jet engine is an engine that accelerates and discharges a fast moving jet of fluid to generate thrust in accordance with Newton's third law of motion.
		However, engineers were beginning to realize conceptually that the piston engine was self-limiting in terms of the maximum performance which could be attained; the limit was essentially one of propeller efficiency.
		The efficiency of a jet engine is strongly dependent upon the overall pressure ratio (combustor entry pressure/intake delivery pressure) and the turbine inlet temperature of the cycle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jet_engine (6247 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5297765 - Turbine engine nacelle laminar flow control arrangement - March 29, 1994
		The nacelle has a microporous outer skin in the area where air flow over the skin is to be maintained in laminar flow.
		The engine assembly includes a centrally mounted gas turbine engine 12 that drives a large by-pass fan (not seen) within fan cowl 14, all surrounded by a nacelle 16 including an inlet duct 18 extending forwardly of fan cowl 14 to direct air into the fan and inlet of engine 12.
		Bulkhead 37, which is ordinarily arranged approximately perpendicular to the nacelle centerline, may be canted forward at the top so as to permit the bonded-together assembly of microporous outer skin 38, honeycomb 40 and perforated inner skin 42 to extend as far forward as possible.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5297765.html (2948 words)

	ch10-3
		The bypass ratio of a turbofan engine is defined as the ratio of the mass of air that passes through the fan, but not the gas generator, to that which does pass through the gas generator.
		This engine, which had a single-stage centrifugal compressor coupled to a single-stage turbine, was successfully bench tested in April 1937; it was only a laboratory test rig, never intended for use in an aircraft, but it did demonstrate the feasibility of the turbojet concept.
		Air for the engine was supplied by a bifurcate nose inlet that passed the intake air around the pilot in separate duct to the engine located in the rear of the fuselage.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/pao/History/SP-468/ch10-3.htm (6601 words)

	Compositesworld.com - Nacelle manufacturers optimize hand layup and consider closed molding methods - May 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The smooth shape of an aircraft nacelle, the structure that surrounds the jet engine, belies its underlying complexity.
		Nacelles are complex assemblies of multiple curved panel components, of varying thickness, that are fitted together to encase the engine.
		The engine is bolted to a pylon structure or strut, which is part of the aircraft's structural airframe, and the nacelle panel is shaped to fit around the pylon.
	www.compositesworld.com /hpc/issues/2004/May/465 (1327 words)

	Split fan work gas turbine engine - Patent 4010608
		One or more of the aft stages of the fan section of a gas turbine engine are rotated by the high pressure turbine of a gas generator and the remainder of the fan stages are rotated by a low pressure turbine downstream of the gas generator.
		The flow variability afforded by this invention permits the airflow to the engine inlet 14 to be maintained at a matched design level throughout a wide range of engine thrust levels, thereby avoiding the inlet spillage drag associated with the prior art mixed flow engines and significantly increasing installed fuel consumption.
		In the high thust low bypass mode of engine operation, the variable inlet guide vanes and stators of the front and aft fan sections are adjusted to reduce the flow in the inner and outer bypass ducts and increase the flow to the gas generator 34.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4010608.html (3596 words)

	Nacelle Design (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The design of the engine inlet is generally the job of the airframe manufacturer, not the engine manufacturer and is of great importance to the overall efficiency.
		The nacelle is made as small as possible but must provide space for all accessories plus ventilation for accessory and engine cooling.
		One would expect the engine dimensions to vary with the square root of the thrust ratio (so that the area and mass flow are proportional to thrust).
	adg.stanford.edu /aa241/propulsion/nacelledesign.html (532 words)

	2002 Fire Publications - Discharge of CF3I in a Cold Simulated Aircraft Engine Nacelle. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Air is vented through the nacelle to prevent any build-up of combustible vapors, and underside drain holes are used to mitigate potential pooling of flammable fluids as a result of a leak.
		Depending on the configuration of the aircraft, the fire suppression bottle is mounted either adjacent to the engine nacelle or at a location several meters away from the nacelle, and the agent is transported through piping to the fire zone.
		The purpose of using the pressurization gas is to expedite the discharge of the agent and to facilitate the dispersion of the agent.
	fire.nist.gov /bfrlpubs/fire02/art136.html (311 words)

	Aviation and the Global Atmosphere
		As engine bypass ratios (fan bypass airflow divided by engine core flow) have risen over the past 2 decades, so too have the drag and weight of the nacelle (aerodynamic casing surrounding the engine).
		Furthermore, integration of the engine and the nacelle-which incorporates the air inlet, the engine, and the exhaust nozzle-can be a source of significant interference drag problems.
		There is an inevitable tradeoff between the higher drag of high bypass ratio engines and the need to minimize interference drag for a given mission fuel burn; a great deal of effort is aimed at achieving an optimum balance.
	www.grida.no /climate/ipcc/aviation/093.htm (901 words)

	[No title]
		The first indication of fire in the No.1 engine nacelle occurred shortly after Event 2 in the fan failure sequence when there was evidence from both the FDR and CVR that a fire warning had been triggered.
		Thereafter the engine was throttled back to a flight idle setting for a similar duration to that experienced by the ME engine during the descent.
		Although the effects of the fire were restricted to the No.1 engine and nacelle, this was principally due to the fact that the airfield fire service was able to attack it with appropriate extinguishants before it had time to spread.
	www.dcs.gla.ac.uk /research/gaag/level4_99/hilldw/report/fireAnalysis.html (1571 words)

	Lycoming a Textron Company - More About Oil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In a wet sump engine the oil is contained in the engine sump as opposed to a dry sump powerplant where the oil is in an external oil tank located perhaps in the wheel well or the rear of the aircraft engine nacelle.
		In a dry sump engine, the oil is drawn from the oil tank and pumped throughout the engine by the pressure section of the oil pump, and then returned to the oil tank by the scavenge section of the oil pump.
		If the engine does not have special provisions for aerobatic flight, and is flown inverted, the oil will be lost out the breather and a serious engine failure may result.
	www.lycoming.textron.com /support/publications/keyReprints/maintenance/moreAboutOil.html (1279 words)

	The Pod Illusion De-bunked (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		For the purposes of this section I have assumed that the starboard engine nacelle was not casting a shadow over the starboard wing fairing and therefore if the camera was in the correct position it would be able to see this 'specular highlights' illusion.
		The 'pod' can not be the reflection of the starboard engine nacelle in the section of fuselage beneath the starboard wing because due to the curvature of this piece of fuselage the reflection of the engine would be unnoticeably small.
		Yet we do not see these 'specular highlights' from the wing fairing which suggests that the engine nacelle was shadowing that area of the fuselage and that the remainder of the 'specular reflection' from the fairing has mysteriously disappeared.
	dspace.dial.pipex.com /prod/dialspace/town/pipexdsl/q/aqrf00/podillusiondebunked (1008 words)

	VMS - C-130J Engine Nacelle
		The task was to reverse engineer the exterior of objects for the creation of accurate 3D surface models.
		The existing CFD model of the C-130H nacelles needed to be updated to represent the J model.
		The entire survey was performed whilst the aircraft was undergoing routine maintenance inspection, and the measured data was then used by DSTO to generate the surface model of the new nacelle and accurately combine this data with the existing CFD model.
	www.sli.unimelb.edu.au /vms/vms_applications/c130j.html_old (255 words)

	Aerospaceweb.org \| Ask Us - Nacelle Vortex Generator
		The type of vortex generator used on an engine nacelle is generally much larger than those placed on a wing or tail surfaces.
		Compare the size of the large "shark fin" attached to the nacelle to the much smaller generators located just behind and outboard of the pylon attaching the nacelle to the wing.
		The Airbus A320, for example, is fitted with two of these large generators on each nacelle with one located on each side.
	www.aerospaceweb.org /question/aerodynamics/q0255.shtml (613 words)

	Flight Test Journal: Future looks quiet
		Goodrich is working on the nacelle inlet, or casing that wraps around the front end of a jet engine, and the landing gear toboggan fairing.
		The engine nacelle inlet is key to controlling and constraining the inlet noise generated by the propulsion system.
		GE researches engines, of course, and noise-reduction affects of newly designed chevrons, the zigzag pattern at the back of engines and nacelles.
	www.boeing.com /commercial/777family/200LR/flight_test/archives/2005/09/future_looks_qu.html (613 words)

	Lemonade X-Factory (by M.M.M)
		Build your engines nacelles as usual but leaving two consecutive stations closed (that is, all nodes aligned as a single point) in each nacelle.
		If your engine already start/end at a single closed point (as usual) it only means that you will need to spend one more station to set another closed point far away, hence building a hair line.
		But if you notice on nacelle #1 behind the propeller spinner, where the painting changes from fl to gray tones, you will find the pilot uniform texture repeated (but it does not bother me once it will be at a hidden spot inside the body hull).
	www.x-plane.org /home/lemonade/hint_3a.html (687 words)

	Fire Safety Branch: Systems Fire Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Phase one of the USAF program involved determining the most significant factors which would impact the quantity of an agent required to suppress a nacelle fire and the selection of three chemicals from a large list which would likely be replacements for Halon 1301.
		The plan describes the geometry of a nacelle simulator and a process that could be used to demonstrate the equivalence of a replacement agent to that of Halon 1301.
		The backbone of the plan is the maintenance of the current level of safety; Halon 1301 at 6% volumetric concentration throughout the protected zone for a duration of one-half second.
	www.fire.tc.faa.gov /systems/engine/engine.stm (682 words)

	Lycoming a Textron Company - Recommendation Regarding Use Of Incorrect Fuel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Turbocharged piston engines with the term "Turbocharged" painted on the engine nacelle have been interpreted by refueling crews to require turbine fuel.
		We must remind the pilot-in-command again, as we have over the years, he or she must be responsible for the proper fuel in the aircraft tanks at refueling.
		If it has been determined that the engine has been run on unspecified fuel, do not continue to operate it unless it has been inspected and certified to be airworthy by competent maintenance personnel.
	www.lycoming.textron.com /support/publications/keyReprints/maintenance/recommendationFuel.html (232 words)

	Convair B-58 Hustler -- Chapter 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Each engine nacelle was equipped with a variable-position spike which could be moved forward or aft in the inlet to maintain an efficient airflow to the engine throughout the speed range of the aircraft.
		Engine cooling was provided by using two scoops located in the air inlet of each nacelle.
		Ram air was passed via these scoops through a series of bypass flaps into the hydraulic oil cooler, then aft between the engine and the nacelle walls to be expelled into the engine exhaust gases.
	www.csd.uwo.ca /~pettypi/elevon/baugher_us/b058-03.html (675 words)

	GOODRICH Aerostructures Group - FAQs
		It was incorporated in Delaware as Rohr Corp. in 1969, and subsequently became Rohr Industries, Inc. in 1971 and as of 1992 became Rohr, Inc. In 1997, it merged with Goodrich to become Goodrich Aerostructures.
		Nacelles are the aerodynamic structures that surround aircraft engines.
		During engine build-up, Aerostructures installs a variety of different nacelle and engine systems to provide its customers a complete propulsion system.
	www.aerostructures.goodrich.com /html/faq.asp (337 words)

	Twin Commander - What's New - Flying the Engine Archives
		Two simple and common techniques to control coking are to cool down the engine by running it at low RPM for three minutes before engine shutdown and then, within approximately five minutes after shutdown, rotate the engines by spinning the propellers by hand.
		In case a high residual-temperature engine start is unavoidable, Honeywell suggests that the engine be motored (delaying fuel and ignition) until the turbine temperature is less than 200 degrees C EGT or 300 degrees C ITT (as applicable), or until 15 percent RPM, whichever occurs first.
		A pilot who is familiar with typical engine instrument indications is better able to assist the maintenance technician in pinpointing the cause of an atypical indication, and identifying the cure.
	www.twincommander.com /flying_eng_archived.htm (2390 words)

	Fire Safety Branch: Systems Fire Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A brief history of Halon 1301 in aircraft engine nacelle fire suppression systems and the accompanying development of nacelle gas concentration instrumentation.
		The discussion focuses on the evolutionary process by which Halon 1301 came to be the wide-spread answer for modern day aircraft engine nacelle fire protection; based primarily on FAA literature.
		This is an FAA document describing the process to demonstrate the acceptable distribution of a gaseous agent used for nacelle fire extinguishment.
	www.fire.tc.faa.gov /systems/engine/comment.stm (261 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Unlike most other parts of an aircraft, the engine nacelle attaches to the prop hub and the prop hub is the zero-point.
		If you've built a nacelle you like you can copy it by hitting these different buttons THERE IS NOT AN UNDO SAVE YOUR WORK OFTEN 27 Here I've built a nacelle for the engine and it is not very 'simple' but it does display how one can work with a prop.
		This is where the 'zero-point' is for the nacelle and is why PANE1 required a negative number.
	quashnick.net /hobbies/FirstPlane04.txt (489 words)

	Leaks into the Engine Compartment on our Prout Escale
		Only blind luck prevented the engine from being flooded internally, as the water stopped 1/2 inch short of the air intakes (the water ran into other areas of the ship via the pass-thru holes for the hydraulic system).
		Here we have the engine compartment after the engine was extracted and some heavy duty cleaning took place to remove sludge, etc. The muffler and the exhaust hose are plainly visible as are the four rusty pairs of spots where the engine sat.
		With the engine is out, we removed the diesel return line and retrofit something appropriate.
	www.vonwentzel.net /Prout/01.Propulsion/01.Leaks (1001 words)

	Club Photo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This is a view of the engine nacelle.
		The exterior resembles the Jumo 004 engines used on the plane during WWII, however inside the housing will be contained a jet engine nearly half the size with almost twice the thrust as the original
		towards the rear of the nacelle you can see the mount points on either side for the jet engines, which will be mounted to the back of the nacelle to equalize weight distribution.
	www.clubphoto.com /_cgi-bin/app.pl/albums/large_image_view?id=20157&link_code=sa01_17 (876 words)

	Boeing: Fabrication Starts On New C-17 Engine/Nacelle Design
		The nacelle redesign, a major affordability initiative undertaken by McDonnell Douglas, is expected to save more than $4 million in acquisition costs per aircraft.
		The major nacelle design change is the replacement of high cost titanium and composite parts with aluminum components, in particular the fan thrust reverser cascades.
		The nacelle will then undergo ground tests at the Pratt and Whitney facility in West Palm Beach, Fla. Subsequent flight testing will be conducted at Edwards Air Force Base in California from December 1997 thru February 1998.
	www.boeing.com /defense-space/military/c17/news/mdc/96-256.html (487 words)

	Saturday, September 4, 1943 - 386th B.G. Mission No. 12.
		It was pumping oil, the misty goo was carried aft by ram air entering the engine nacelle.
		The engineer fired the AN-M8 Pyrotechnic Pistol, mounted in the ceiling of the cockpit, which was located just aft of the now empty co-pilot seat.
		A cloud of white smoked belched from the burning engine nacelle for nearly a minute, then cleared away, and the fire which had burned for almost four minutes, was finally out!
	www.b26.com /historian/chester_klier/012.htm (1090 words)

	Star Trek Technobabble: A Multigenerational Primer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Warp drive shafts deliver energy from a starship's warp core to its warp engines, where the energy is used to propel the vessel at warp speeds.
		Warp engines are usually housed in warp engine nacelles.
		The visual similarities between later-model starships' warp engine field grills and earlier-model starships' power-stage magnatomic flux chillers may mean that the two devices are similar in function.
	www.geocities.com /Area51/Stargate/9081/stbabble/babbletermsw.htm (466 words)

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