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Topic: English honorifics

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	Simplified Spelling Society : English spelling & Pidgin.
		Despite the myth current in English circles that spellings cannot be tampered with because they have a natural life of their own, both pidgins have been put on paper after much thought and discussion among 'experts' and nationals.
		English literacy is facilitated not only by familiarity with the sight of English print in everyday shopping and travelling, but also by the practice of the pidgin weekly paper Wantok, which carries large slabs of sport and advertising in English, mixed with the rest of the Tok Pisin reporting.
		The English problem of sexist language is usually overcome by inclusiveness - for example, brata is brother, sister, cousin or friend of the same sex, susa is brother, sister, cousin or friend of the opposite sex, and bratasusa is brothers and sisters, manmeri is people, and em refers indifferently to he, she, it, them.
	www.spellingsociety.org /journals/j6/pidgin.php (3030 words)

	Chapter 4. American and English Today. 3. Honorifics. Mencken, H.L. 1921. The American Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On the one hand the English are almost as diligent as the Germans in bestowing titles of honor upon their men of mark, and on the other hand they are very careful to withhold such titles from men who do not legally bear them.
		The English have nothing equivalent to the gaudy tin soldiers of our governors’ staffs, nor to the bespangled colonels and generals of the Knights Templer and Patriarchs Militant, nor to the nondescript captains and majors of our country towns.
		In the United States the title is applied loosely to all public officials of apparent respectability, from senators and ambassadors to the mayors of fifth-rate cities and the members of state legislatures, and with some show of official sanction to many of them, especially congressmen.
	www.bartleby.com /185/20.html (2332 words)

	[No title]
		In addition, the data are compared in search of differences based upon the instructor’s rank (Ph.D. or graduate student), whether or not the instructor is a Native English Speaker or a speaker of English as a Second Language, the instructor’s sex, and whether the class is held in a computer-mediated or traditional classroom environment.
		The four participating instructors are two Ph.D.s and two graduate students, two native English speakers and two non-native speakers, two males and two females, and two instructors teaching in a computer-mediated classroom and two teaching in a traditional classroom environment.
		The data are analyzed for characteristics of power and accommodation, with specific 17 specific areas of focus, including the use of titles and honorifics, wait time, the use of humor, pronoun use, and the instructors’ role as a leader or as a facilitator.
	www.asu.edu /clas/english/linguistics/amy-abs.doc (402 words)

	Honorifics in English (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		English, on the other hand, tends to avoid overt markings of power or status asymmetries, relying instead on subtle and inferential contextualizations that reflect a more casual psycho-social orientation and perceptive index.
		English employs a covert, hidden, and perceptively controlled system of identity referents to communicate social relationships to power, respect, status and solidarity based on a perceptive index that recognizes personal autonomy, individual difference and a resistance to social force.
		The American English system of social distinction and identity referents is often very difficult for second language speakers to comprehend because it is perceptive in nature, and it may conflict with their own identity referents.
	www.bobschwab.com.cob-web.org:8888 /honorifics_in_english.htm (2441 words)

	Honorific - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An honorific is a word or expression that conveys esteem or respect and is used in addressing or referring to a person.
		English honorifics are usually limited to formal situations.
		Japanese grammar as a whole tends to function on hierarchy -- honorific stems are appended to verbs and some nouns, and in many cases one word may be exchanged for another word entirely with the same verb- or noun-meaning, but with different honorific connotations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Honorifics (543 words)

	Honorific - Medbib.com, the modern encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Japanese honorifics are similar to English titles like "Mister" and "Miss," but in Japanese, which has many honorifics, their use is mandatory in many formal and informal social situations.
		In Gujarati, for an uncle who is your mother's brother the replacement honorific "maama" (long 'a' then short 'a') is used and a male friend will often earn the suffix honorific of "bhai".
		Malay Honorifics are the malay language complex system of titles and honorifics which is still extensively used in Malaysia and Brunei.
	www.medbib.com.cob-web.org:8888 /Honorific (520 words)

	Dr. Alexandrowicz's ESL Web Site - USD
		The Korean language uses honorifics, which are markings for nouns/verbs to show the speaker's formal/informal relationship to the listener.
		English double negative questions confuse Koreans who respond to yes and no questions based on whether or not the question is true or false.
		Before introducing English, students must be able to have a basic auditory understanding: blending sounds, matching words with the same sound, and breaking down compound words into smaller segments.
	www.sandiego.edu /esl/teaching/cultures/korean/korean_bk.html (1376 words)

	VT English Undergraduate Scholarships and Awards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The English Department's Distinguished Alumni Board was created in 2001 in an effort to foster a strong relationship between the department's alumni and its current majors, as well as to provide direction and insight into the department's development and direction.
		To encourage the study of English, the DAB has established a $1500 scholarship that will be awarded to a single incoming freshman or transfer English major.
		The Johnston Scholarship, which honors an English professor who served as first Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, is awarded to a sophomore for tuition credit during the student's junior year.
	athena.english.vt.edu /ug/awards.htm (1006 words)

	anime.mikomi.org - HonorificsExplained
		However, in the past, the "-dono" honorific actually held a higher degree of respect that "-sama", as the lord of a villiage was addressed as such.
		The "-chan" honorific is used by adults addressing young children, girls addressing girls, boys addressing girls, and girls (and sometimes boys) addressing pets.
		No other suffix honorific is used for the family member to say "mom", "dad", etc. As defined above, the honorific used indicates the degree of respect paid to the family member and/or the closeness felt to the family member being addressed.
	anime.mikomi.org /wiki/HonorificsExplained (2472 words)

	ANIME/MANGA GLOSSARY
		Honorifics in Japanese, which are tagged on to the end of a name, serve a similar purpose but are also used to denote the level of formality and familiarity which a speaker is using in addressing the named person.
		Failure to use an honorific is either a show of contempt for the subject or a sign of intimate familiarity with the subject – which can, of course, be just as insulting if used improperly.
		Honorifics have traditionally either disappeared or been replaced by English equivalents during professional translations, but lately their partial or complete retention in both subtitling and English dubs has become more common.
	www.usaanime.us /References/Glossary.htm (1822 words)

	Etigazette.com
		An honorific is a term used to convey esteem or respect.
		There is a continuum among publications between using no honorifics at all, using some honorifics but not styles, and using all honorifics, including styles.
		In certain cases honorifics and styles may be used according to some other pattern, or selectively only for certain persons.
	www.etigazette.com /honor.html (833 words)

	The Washington Monthly
		Use of the appropriate honorific also is called for with respect to members of the clergy or judges.
		Actually, the honorific Dean uses is "Gov." If you deal with his staff, they call him "the Governor." I didn't know you got to take the title with you, but there you go.
		This dignified aspect of dignified higher education underscores the dignified and respectful "life of the mind," lived as it is, by collegial types yearning to be a-learning in a community of like-minded, tweed-swaddled, text-addled Seekers of Knowledge.
	www.washingtonmonthly.com /archives/individual/2006_02/008315.php (11928 words)

	Japanese Words, Honorifics, and Familiar Titles
		Anime-to English IV For those of you who are shooting for "genuine" Anime-style roleplaying but may not be familiar with a great deal of Anime, here are some Japanese honorifics, familiarity terms and school speak comonly used in Anime.
		To not use an honorific means one of two things; either contempt for the person to whom you're speaking, or else it implies that you share a very close relationship with said person.
		Also note that the terms for big/little brother and sister are often used as terms of affection for close friends whose relationship with you roughly approximates that of a big or little brother or sister.
	members.tripod.com /virtualmekton/ate-iii-iv.html (542 words)

	Twenty Sided ? Blog Archive » Ai Yori Aoshi: English Dub
		The accent is a bit heavy-handed, and the way it’s played it makes her sound a bit unsophisticated, which might be how an American accent would sound to people in upper-class Japan.
		Yes, I was assuming that honorifics were just the sensei, san, chan, etc. I didn’t realize how huge and complex the subject was.
		I was a bit annoyed with the honorifics in Ai Yori Aoshi, because it seemed that they gave the Big Secret away to anyone who had two brain cells to rub together.
	www.shamusyoung.com /twentysidedtale/?p=296 (594 words)

	English honorifics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the English language, an honorific is something that is attached to the name but is not normally used elsewhere, e.g.
		Contrast this with a title or position can appear without the person's name, e.g.
		There are also many forms of honorifics that are now only used in classical speech, literature, plays, and special situations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/English_honorifics (146 words)

	AnimeNation Anime Forums - Manga Editing/Translation: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (long post)
		The English language is fine as it is, and it has no problem depicting the familiarity implied by "-chan" or the respect for seniority implied by "-sempai".
		For this reason, importing Japanese honorifics wholesale is unnecessary and unhelpful, especially when it compromises the immersive quality of a manga translation that uses skillfully written English to replicate the experience Japanese readers had enjoying manga in their native language with an immediacy of understanding.
		The English translation, in a painfully didactic style, is presented in the word bubbles, with the original Japanese appearing in the margins (the reverse is true for sound effects and freetalks, where the original Japanese stays put and the English translation is put in the margine).
	www.animenation.net /forums/showthread.php?t=173516 (1669 words)

	Teacher David???? - Page:10
		The reality of English teaching is that we are attempting to enable people to communicate internationally with other users of the language so that there is no miscommunication of meaning.
		His answer was very thought-provoking, as he said that although he liked and wanted to speak English, he didn't like the discussion activities contained in the coursebooks.
		Learning English should be fun for all involved, not a battle to win hearts and minds...
	www.englishforums.com /English/TeacherDavid/10/dznjj/Post.htm (1395 words)

	ABSTRACT
		However, the significance of honorifics is so vital in Korean language that it is not used only to index politeness but also to maintain interpersonal relation.
		The paper discusses the linguistic structure of Korean honorifics in terms of both the speaker-addressee perspective and the speaker-referent perspective.
		In listening comprehension, in particular, in assessing the difficulty level of loan words from English, I propose that loan words should be treated in a similar manner as native Korean words.
	www.humnet.ucla.edu /humnet/ealc/aatk2k/abstracts.htm (9069 words)

	Tom Shippey's Review of Seamus Heaney's Beowulf
		Catching the tone of the subjunctive is hard in modern English, but it is a major part of the careful, prickly dignity of armed men in the heroic world.
		In Old English, with its ability to indicate syntactic connections through word endings, this is a flexible and often climactic technique, but in modern English, where word-order rules, the unspoken instruction to get everything in and not leave any phrases out often leads to sentences which feel like someone pushing a line of supermarket trolleys.
		In the Old English, they are both plain and complex, the last two lines being the only ones in the poem which follow each other identically in the rhythm (trochaic stress, two central stresses, trochaic stress, two central stresses) and, apart from a genitive changing to a dative, in grammar.
	www.english.uga.edu /~jdmevans/public/heanulf.html (2415 words)

	BU Linguistics Courses \| Analysis of Specific Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A systematic analysis of English, applied to the reading of literature and the writing of essays.
		Application of linguistic concepts to the teaching of English as a foreign language.
		Genetic relationships, social and cultural issues, such as women's language and honorifics, are discussed.
	www.bu.edu /linguistics/UG/COURSES-LG.html (388 words)

	Mother Tongue Annoyances » English Honorifics Part One: Mr., Mrs., Miss, Ms.
		English Honorifics Part One: Mr., Mrs., Miss, Ms.
		honorific is particularly interesting inasmuch as it is loaded with all sorts of sociological 'stuff.' This title is rife with issues that are related to feminism, ageism, utilitarianism (more on this later), and so forth.
		postulates that the honorific was first brought to light in magazine articles advising aspiring writers on how to refer to unmarried women in business letters.
	www.mtannoyances.com /?p=237 (1586 words)

	Dr. Alexandrowicz's ESL Web Site - USD
		Korean students are generally quiet, avoid eye contact, and remain silent instead of initiating conversations with a superior, such as a teacher.
		The knowledge to punctuate and to capitalize sentences (This is the same in Korean and English)
		Both the Korean and English language have similar relationships between synonyms, homonyms, antonyms, metaphors, and paraphrasing.
	www.sandiego.edu /esl/cultures/korean/teachingkorean.htm (1364 words)

	AnimeNation News
		It occurs to me that, regardless of what the forum is, English speakers and writers attach the suffix, "-san" when referring to Japanese people, even when the content itself is entirely in English.
		I've heard it argued that literally transcribing Japanese honorifics in an English translation is unnecessary because there are English language equivalents for all of them.
		But intentionally retaining select Japanese honorifics and terms in an English subtitle translation, for specific reasons, suggests, to me, a concern with expressing the exact meaning of the Japanese dialogue instead of conveying an approximation of the Japanese dialogue.
	www.animenation.net /news/askjohn.php?id=1063 (838 words)

	Home
		his presentation explores the functional usage of honorifics and identity referents in native spoken English within the context of a language-specific perceptive index, along with a contrastive analysis of the perceptive indexes of English and Korean as they apply to honorifics and identity referents.
		This article explores the nature and substance of English intonation as it applies to the musical and rhythmic characteristics of the language, how these signals interact to consolidate meaning, and the potential role of “naturalness” in specific aspects of native speaker word choice.
		Previous to arriving in Pusan in 2006, I was associated with Hanyang University for 4-and a-half years, where I held the position of Professor with the Graduate School of Education and taught I taught English Education and Linguistics subjects.
	bobschwab.com (1501 words)

	Japanese Translation Services, Japanese English Translations, Japanese Translators
		As more Japanese speakers play a larger roll in our culture, the need for Japanese to English or English to Japanese translations of everything from letters to legal depositions to business documents have likewise increased dramatically and will continue to do so in the future.
		Professional Japanese English Translations do more than merely substitute vocabulary; they supplement the transliteration by explaining nuances in the language.
		It is considered an agglutinative language and is distinguished by a complex system of honorifics reflecting the hierarchical nature of Japanese society, with verb forms and particular vocabulary which indicate the relative status of speaker and listener.
	www.foreigntranslations.com /japanese-translations.asp (605 words)

	Mother Tongue Annoyances » Usage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Somewhat similiarly to the scorpion in Aesop's Fable "The Scorpion and the Frog," I have determined that it is indeed "in my nature" to continue sharing my research and ideas with regard to English language, non-verbal communication, public speaking, et cetera.
		Each individual writer has his or her own style guide of personal choice or mandate; mine happens to be the Chicago Manual of Style.
		I'm simply stating that in my professional opinion, any English writer or speaker ought to be mindful to snip as many unnecessary prepositions out of his or her language as possible.
	www.mtannoyances.com /?cat=10&paged=3 (1124 words)

	Japanese Language
		The situation is similar to English in which some sixty percent of English words are derived from Latin derived languages and only a minority of English words come from original English.
		This latter verb form would be best translated in English as "it might happen" or "it might be happening." This latter form is also used in formal speech as a form of deference to the listener.
		Women's speech in Japanese tends to be filled with honorifics and with the "tentative" tense as a deference to male auditors.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/ANCJAPAN/LANGUAGE.HTM (1787 words)

	Teacher David???? - Page:13
		If you're English, then, to express yourself well in the standard French that English people learn, for the most part, you have to learn to use your mouth and face and hands in non-standard-English ways.
		Similarly, I would not automatically understand Australian or Indian or even northern English forms of English thoroughly, because I wouldn't be aware of all the cultural references and implications.
		There seems to be an assumption in this line of argument that because students adopt another mode of thought for an hour in their English or German or Spanish class, they'll feel forced to adopt it outside the class too.
	www.englishforums.com /English/TeacherDavid/13/dznjj/Post.htm (1354 words)

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