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Topic: Enharmonic

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	Enharmonic
		The 'Key of A minor' and the 'Key of C major' are in reality enharmonic which means they are the same thing, Both 'scales' contain the exact same tones and the mere ordering of them should not be a factor.
		Here are two formulas that are 'Enharmonic', If you are playing in the Key of C then just play C# instead of C...
		The original description of 'enharmonic' is not in the same category as our examples of enharmonic, The tone "C" can also be called 'B#' because if you sharpen the B then you end up on the C so...
	www.guitarweek.com /enharmonic (230 words)

	Enharmonic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		For example, in twelve-tone equal temperament (the normal system of musical tuning in the west), the notes C sharp and D flat are ''enharmonically equivalent'' - that is, they are represented by the same key (on a musical keyboard, for example), and thus are identical in pitch, although they have different names and diatonic functionality/.
		Also, there is one way of labeling enharmonically equivalent pitches with one and only one name, sometimes called integer notation, often used in serialism, twelve tone techniquetwelve tone music, and other atonalityatonal music theory such as musical set theory/.
		An ''enharmonic'' is also one of the three Greek genus (music)genera in music, in which the tetrachords are divided (descending) as a major thirdditone plus two microtones.
	www.infothis.com /find/Enharmonic (426 words)

	Genus (music) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The enharmonic scale is an extension of the chromatic scale, in which pairs of enharmonic notes are distinguished from each other.
		The Greeks analzyed genera using various terms, including diatonic, enharmonic, and chromatic, the latter being the color between the two other types of modes which were seen as being fl and white.
		However, the closest term used by the Greeks to our modern usage of chromatic is pyknon or the density ("condensation") of chromatic or enharmonic genera.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Genus_(music) (250 words)

	The Russell Collection of Early Keyboard Instruments - The Enharmonic Chamber Organ
		The enharmonic organ also has an obvious connection with the large organ which Thomas Parker made for the Foundling Hospital, since the principle of the enharmonic system on that organ is the same.
		Its importance from the point of view of this enharmonic organ is that it confirms the attribution to Parker, and the association with Handel.
		The object of the restoration was to leave the organ as left by the 1984 restoration, but to restore the enharmonic mechanism and to revive the original voicing as far as possible.
	www.music.ed.ac.uk /russell/conference/Gwynnonparker.html (2572 words)

	[No title]
		In that case we must definitely posit an enharmonic change from a-flat of bar 2 to g-sharp of bar 3, for the chordal interval of bar 3 is unquestionably a major third, not a diminished fourth.
		The assumption of enharmonic change here would be no less bizarre than Jadassohn's assignment of the four simultaneities of bars 2- 3 to as many different keys.(3) The oboe's g-sharp is indeed a g- sharp, and Wagner's spelling of the remainder of the TC as well reflects aural necessity.
		It is certainly possible that the enharmonic equivalence of this chord to the TC and to the half-diminished seventh chord was also a factor in Wagner's choice of the perfect rather than the augmented fourth at the downbeat of bar 10.
	www.societymusictheory.org /mto/issues/mto.95.1.1/mto.95.1.1.rothgeb.art.html (3488 words)

	Bill Alves - The Just Intonation System of Nicola Vicentino (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Vicentino believed that it was primarily the chromatic and enharmonic genera which were the most "sweet" and expressive, but that most modern composers mixed the genera indiscriminately, did not use them to reflect the text, and concentrated on the diatonic genus.
		Like the chromatic semitone, the enharmonic diesis may be either major, which would be the same size as the minor semitone, or minor, which would be one-half of that interval.
		The derivation of these species within the genera can be considered transformational; that is, the types and order of the intervals in the enharmonic species are analogous to the same in the chromatic, which is in turn a transformation of the diatonic [6].
	www2.hmc.edu /~alves/vicentino.html (2833 words)

	guitarology.com - Guitar Theory Knowledge Base
		Enharmonic tones are tones derived from different degrees, but practically identical in pitch; like c# and db on the piano or guitar...
		Enharmonic chords are chords differing in notation but alike in sound; such chords are called "enharmonically changed", and passing from one to the other is an enharmonic modulation"...
		One of the narrow ridges of wood, metal, or ivory, crossing the fingerboard of the guitar, mandolin, zither, etc., on which the strings are "stopped".
	www.guitarology.com /glossary.php (725 words)

	Articles - Enharmonic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Thus, G sharp and A flat are not the same note; G sharp is, in fact 41 "cents" lower in pitch (41% of a semitone, not quite a quarter of a tone).
		The reason that — despite the fact that in recent western music, Ab is exactly the same pitch as G# — we label them differently is that in tonal music notes are named for their harmonic function, and retain the names they had in the meantone tuning era.
		An enharmonic is also one of the three Greek genera in music, in which the tetrachords are divided (descending) as a ditone plus two microtones.
	www.gaple.com /articles/Enharmonic (561 words)

	Tonalsoft Encyclopaedia of Tuning - The measurement of Aristoxenus's Divisions of the Tetrachord (c)1999-2004 by Joe ...
		One of these divisions [of the tetrachord] is enharmonic, in which the pyknon is a semitone and the remainder a ditone.
		He said nothing else about the measurement of the enharmonic _lichanos_, beyond the fact that the upper boundary of its range is conjunct with the lowest chromatic _lichanos_, while he meticulously located the various chromatic _parhypatai_ at smaller distances.
		Of the four _parhypatai_, the enharmonic one is peculiar to the enharmonic genus, while the other three are common to the diatonic and chromatic.
	sonic-arts.org /monzo/aristoxenus/318tet.htm (12892 words)

	Guitar EncycloMedia: Lesson Number 14 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		For example, E is on the 5th fret of the 2nd string, therefore Eb is on the 4th fret.
		Enharmonic means "Two sounds of the same pitch, but not the same letter".
		For example, F is enharmonic E#, E sounds like Fb, C has the same pitch as B#, and B is enharmonic with Cb.
	www.12tonemusic.com /gemlsn14.htm (787 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Enharmonic shifts are introduced and demonstrated, and summary tables are provided.
		Enharmonic shifts resulting from adjacent naturals a halfstep apart gives the following stepwise sequence of eight notes.
		Referring to the example above, note that in the example below, acute E and sur E are enharmonic with sub F and grave F, respectively.
	www.ux1.eiu.edu /~cfaah/megastaff/shifts.htm (805 words)

	Christman's Flute Patent
		My invention consists in certain improvements in the musical instrument called the flute whereby certain notes are produced which are wholly unknown in the old instrument and secondly, the improvement in the quality, power and significance of certain other notes which, although produced on common flutes are yet of a very defective and unsatisfactory character.
		While fingering charts exist that show enharmonic alternatives (eg Nicholson's), a few minutes with a flute from the period will show that the tuning of the flute is so extremely erratic that the subtle variations between enharmonic alternatives are thoroughly swamped by the general deviations.
		And it does advise us that enharmonic aspirations still existed on Christmas Day in 1849 in the US of A, even if we were no closer to achieving them on our favoured instrument.
	www.mcgee-flutes.com /Christman.htm (1325 words)

	enharmonic -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Enharmonic tones and intervals often serve as pivots in modulation (change of key).
		Enharmonic in ancient Greek music referred to the tetrachord, or four-note series, containing intervals of less than a semitone.
		Enharmonic tones and intervals often serve as pivots in modulation...
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9032674 (491 words)

	Stichting Huygens-Fokker: Siemen Terpstra: Theory of meantone and 31-ET harmony
		Enharmonic keyboards would be happily accepted by violin players who have no qualms about the use of the enharmonic, thus liberating the potential of the string ensemble.
		The chromatic and enharmonic forms of the thirds and sixths obviously fall within the status of dissonances rather than consonances, with the neutral (enharmonic) forms exhibiting strong dissonance.
		In spite of the notion of octave equivalence, the particular voicing of the interval is a big factor in judging the strength of its consonance.
	www.xs4all.nl /~huygensf/doc/terp31.html (5979 words)

	Theory 4 Class Notes: Chapter 10
		Gr+6 is enharmonic to a dominant 7th chord.
		The It+6 is enharmonic to a dominant 7th chord with the fifth omitted.
		Notice that it is enharmonic to the G diminished 7th chord.
	plaza.obu.edu /houlihanp/theory4/chap10.htm (503 words)

	Enharmonic Spelling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Two notes are enharmonic if they sound the same on a piano but are named and written differently.
		It is easy to use in pianos and other instruments that are difficult to retune (organ, harp, and xylophone, to name just a few), precisely because enharmonic notes sound exactly the same.
		When this happens, enharmonically spelled notes, scales, intervals, and chords, may not only be theoretically different.
	cnx.org /content/m11641/latest (1322 words)

	The tuning of classic music instrumentation by means of objective measurement of pitches. Appendix 1: Properties of ...
		Enharmonic notes, and therefore also the Pythagoric comma, come to existence because of the fact that in the Pythagoric temperament it is never possible to come back to the original pitch one departed from, when creating consecutive notes.
		In this temperament it can be observed that enharmonic notes are positioned so that the sharps have a lower pitch than the corresponding enharmonic flats.
		Verification is easy according to pitch values in table 1 (and this property is contrary to the similar property in the Pythagoric temperament, where sharps have a higher pitch than the corresponding enharmonic flats).
	home.tiscali.be /johan.broekaert3/Characteristics_English.html (3163 words)

	Speculations on Marchetto of Padua's "Fifth-Tones", © 1997, 1998, 1999 by Joe Monzo
		Because the aforesaid chromatic, diatonic, and enharmonic [species] cannot be fully treated until the whole tone is examined (since they are semitones), we shall first study the nature of the whole tone and how it is divided by numbers.
		It must be noted that Marchetto's definition of the Diatonic and Enharmonic semitones as 16:17:18 uses the reverse kind of proportional measurement as the one he is demonstrating on the monochord, that is, as frequency proportions rather than as string-lengths.
		He logically gave the name "enharmonic" to the smallest of his three semitones, so it was actually close to what are called the Pythagorean diatonic and the 5-limit chromatic semitones.
	sonic-arts.org /monzo/marchet/marchet.htm (6161 words)

	[No title]
		But the enharmonic, one of the most beautiful modes ever invented by man, was lost as an art and as an act long ago.
		Anyone who knows ancient literature knows the explanation of the enharmonic; yet, I seriously doubt whether anyone who knows all the explanations of the enharmonic has ever thought to consider it not as an explanation but as an act.
		There are areas of human endeavor where words are inadequate (the enharmonic is a conspicuous example), where they should not be considered as vehicles of illumination, and where they might actually become inhibitory to insight, as they did in the case of the enharmonic.
	www.muw.edu /honors/partch.htm (966 words)

	Humdrum Toolkit Command Reference -- key
		Also, key is unable to distinguish enharmonic spellings involving double- or triple- sharps or flats.
		KEY is able to distinguish the more common enharmonic spellings (such as E-flat versus D-sharp).
		For example, the output: "PC[5]: 4.25" means that the enharmonic pitch-class "F" appears in the passage for the equivalent of 4 whole-notes plus a quarter-note duration.
	dactyl.som.ohio-state.edu /Humdrum/commands/key.html (744 words)

	MW SongWriter: Accidentals 1 - another example
		Following the steps in the FAQ I enter a B, double-click to select Enharmonic Spelling and Show Accidental.
		Then I go back into Enharmonic Spelling and select "natural" to get a B-natural on the score.
		However, the flat sign from when it read C-flat is still present and I cannot erase it without also erasing the natural sign.
	www.voyetra.com /site/kb_ftp/3176002.asp (278 words)

	Enharmonic Equivalents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The word, enharmonic, originates in Greek music theory, but in its modern meaning, applies to music written for instruments tuned in so-called equal temperament.
		According to this system, at least three different names may be given to each pitch, so that, for example, F-sharp, E-double-sharp, and G-flat are all tuned exactly alike, and played by the same key on the piano keyboard.
		Thus, F-sharp is considered the enharmonic equivalent of G-flat and E-double-sharp.
	www.wholarts.com /music/ed/enharm.htm (94 words)

	Lesson 8: Intervals - Part 3
		the augmented 4th and the diminished 5th are enharmonic spellings for the same interval - the tritone.
		Another example of enharmonic spellings for an interval is one you may have overlooked: C to C# is an augmented 1st.
		And finally, flating the top note of a perfect 8th makes the interval smaller transforming it into a diminished 8th which is an enharmonic spelling for a major 7th.
	www.flupe.com /lessons/freeLessons/01_foundationLessons/L08_Intervals_3/intervals_03.htm (1330 words)

	P-ART JOURNAL/ 26: 31 steps per octave (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Trying to restitute the antic tone scales of chromatic and enharmonic tuning, Nicola VICENTINO invented the Archicembalo (1555), a cembalo with 31 keys per octave.
		In the sixteenth century the integration of chromatic and enharmonic intervals (quarter tones) covered the needs of singers they performed madrigals of GESUALDO in different moods or "temperaments" like dark, hell, gray, sweet, embitter.
		It was Vicentino who built a portable enharmonic organ, transportable with a mule: they only needed five hours to re-assemble the Archiorgano on the new stage.
	users.skynet.be /P-ART/PARADISE/JOURNAL/JOURNL26/journ26.htm (388 words)

	Enharmonic Genus Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The music of ancient Greece employed various rhythms and scales, some of which are not in common use today.
		The ratio of 8:1 between adjacent intervals in enharmonic scales represented at least a doubling of the most extreme ratio then known.
		Some modern composers, such as Harry Partch, have experimented with enharmonic scales.
	www.rev.net /~aloe/music/enharmonic.html (239 words)

	NWCForum - enharmonic spelling - again
		The "audit enharmonic spelling" function favors either all flats or all sharps and toggles between them.
		That's great for D minor if C# is the ONLY accidental, but as soon as you add anything that needs to be flattened, it's a problem.
		Perhaps someday the "user defined key signatures" could be used to affect the enharmonic audit - so that the default pitch for the leading tones in D minor and G minor could be sharps.
	www.noteworthysoftware.com /nwcforum/3047.htm (429 words)

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