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Topic: Enrico Fermi Award

	Enrico Fermi
		Enrico Fermi (September 29, 1901 – 29 November 1954) was an Italian-American physicist most noted for his work on beta decay, the development of the first nuclear reactor and for the development of quantum theory.
		Fermi is known as the originator of the Fermi paradox in SETI research, when in a discussion of the possibility that intelligent aliens might exist, he famously asked "Where are they?"
		Fermi problems, such as the classic "How many piano tuners are there in Chicago?" are named after Fermi's use of such estimation problems to teach students the importance of dimensional analysis, approximation methods, and clear identification of assumptions.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/e/en/enrico_fermi.html (1121 words)

	Enrico Fermi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Enrico Fermi was born in the city of Rome in 1902.
		Fermi lectured in mathematical physics and mechanics at the University of Florence from 1924 to 1926.
		In 1938, Fermi was honored with the Nobel Prize "for his identification of new radioactive elements produced by neutron bombardment and his discovery, made in connection with this work, of nuclear reactions effected by slow neutrons." He traveled to Stockholm to receive this award.
	www.newton.mec.edu /brown/te/INVENTORS/INVENTORS/byKIDS/lazewatsky.html (174 words)

	Fermi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Enrico Fermi is an Italian-born U.S. physicist who was one of the chief architects of the nuclear age.
		Fermi was the youngest of the three children of Alberto Fermi, a railroad employee, and Ida de Gattis.
		Late in 1938 Fermi was named a Nobel laureate in physics "for his identification of new radioactive elements produced by neutron bombardment and for his discovery of nuclear reaction effected by slow neutrons." He was given permission by the Fascist government of Mussolini to travel to Sweden to receive the award.
	physics.rug.ac.be /Fysica/Geschiedenis/mathematicians/Fermi.html (1341 words)

	intelligentsia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Fermi is one of the chief architects in the development of the nuclear age.
		Fermi was given the honor of being the youngest member in the distinguished ranks of the Royal Academy of Italy in 1929.
		Fermi died of cancer on November 28, 1954, in Chicago leaving behind element number 100 (Fermium), an element named after him, and the Fermi award, given only to physicists who have equalled Fermi's contribution to physics.
	www.upd.edu.ph /~ismed/agham/archive/6th/inteli/aileene/aileene.htm (362 words)

	About the Enrico Fermi Award (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Enrico Fermi Award is a Presidential award—one of the oldest and most prestigious science and technology awards given by the U.S. Government.
		Fermi received this special award in 1954 for harnessing the atom and ushering in the nuclear age.
		The Enrico Fermi Presidential Award was established in 1956 as a memorial—the first recipients were physicists John von Neumann, Ernest 0.
	www.pnl.gov /fermi/award.html (146 words)

	The Enrico Fermi Award
		The Enrico Fermi Award is a Presidential award, one of the oldest and most prestigious science and technology awards given by the U.S. Government.
		President Eisenhower and the Atomic Energy Commission honored Enrico Fermi with a special award for his lifetime of accomplishments in physics and, in particular, for the development of atomic energy on November 16, 1954, 12 days before the Italian-born naturalized American citizen died of cancer at the age of 53.
		The Fermi Award is administered by Department of Energy’s Office of Science.
	www.er.doe.gov /fermi (263 words)

	Enrico Fermi - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Fermi is also known as the originator of the Fermi paradox in SETI research, when in a discussion of the possibility that intelligent aliens might exist, he famously asked "Where are they?"
		Fermi took a professorship in Rome (the first for theoretical physics in Italy, created for him by professor Orso Maria Corbino, director of the Institute of Physics).
		Fermi's most disarming trait was his great modesty, and his ability to do any kind of work, whether creative or routine.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Enrico_Fermi (1575 words)

	NS&T : History : Hall of Fame : Enrico Fermi
		Fermi was an Italian-American physicist and Nobel laureate.
		Born in Rome on September 29, 1901, Fermi was educated at the University of Pisa and in some of the leading centers for theoretical physics in Europe.
		The Enrico Fermi Award honoring his memory is given annually to the individual who has contributed most to the development, use, or control of atomic energy.
	www.aboutnuclear.org /view.cgi?fC=History,Hall_of_Fame,Enrico_Fermi (315 words)

	Learn more about Enrico Fermi in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Enrico Fermi, (born September 29, 1901 in Rome, Italy; died 1954) was an Italian-American physicist most noted for his work on beta decay, the development of the first nuclear reactor and for the development of quantum theory.
		Fermi was inseparable in childhood from his brother Giulio, who was just one year older.
		When he was awarded the Nobel Prize; Fascism had released its racial laws, so Fermi (whose wife Laura Capon was of Jewish religion) after the prize immediately emigrated to New York and began working at Columbia University.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /e/en/enrico_fermi.html (1162 words)

	Fermi, Enrico on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Fermi's wife, Laura, was Jewish, and the family did not return to Fascist Italy after the journey to Stockholm to receive the Nobel award, but continued on to the United States.
		Fermi was professor of physics at Columbia Univ. (1939-45) and at the Univ. of Chicago (1946-54).
		Fermi was outstanding as an experimenter, theorist, and teacher.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/f/fermi-e1n.asp (436 words)

	Fermi, Enrico
		He was awarded the 1938 Nobel Prize for Physics, and the Enrico Fermi Award of the U.S. Department
		Fermi's colleagues were inclined to believe that he had actually made a new, "transuranic" element of atomic number 93; that is, during bombardment, the nucleus of uranium had captured a neutron, thus increasing its atomic weight.
		Fermi did not make this claim, for he was not certain what had occurred; indeed, he was unaware that he was on the edge of a world-shaking discovery.
	www.britannica.com /nobel/micro/206_82.html (1415 words)

	Enrico Fermi - Biography
		Enrico Fermi was born in Rome on 29th September, 1901, the son of Alberto Fermi, a Chief Inspector of the Ministry of Communications, and Ida de Gattis.
		In 1944, Fermi became American citizen, and at the end of the war (1946) he accepted a professorship at the Institute for Nuclear Studies of the University of Chicago, a position which he held until his untimely death in 1954.
		Fermi was member of several academies and learned societies in Italy and abroad (he was early in his career, in 1929, chosen among the first 30 members of the Royal Academy of Italy).
	nobelprize.org /physics/laureates/1938/fermi-bio.html (990 words)

	Groundbreaking chemist receives Enrico Fermi Award
		Martin D. Kamen, emeritus professor of biological sciences, was chosen to receive the award for his co-discovery of the isotope and his development of its use as a tracer atom - one of the most powerful research techniques of this century - and for his work on photosynthesis.
		The Enrico Fermi Award - the U.S. government's oldest science and technology award - is given for a lifetime of achievement in the field of nuclear energy.
		The presidential award carries a $100,000 honorarium and a gold medal to be presented in a ceremony in Washington, D.C., this spring.
	www.usc.edu /uscnews/stories/1531.html (561 words)

	Datz's versatility, resourcefulness lead to prestigious national award (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Fermi award, given for a lifetime of achievement in the field of nuclear energy, is shared by Datz, Sidney Drell of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center and Herbert York of the University of California's Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation.
		Fermi was the leader of scientists who in 1942 achieved the first self-sustained controlled nuclear reaction at the University of Chicago.
		Fermi subsequently led, for the Manhattan Project, the construction of the first operating nuclear reactor at ORNL.
	www.ornl.gov /info/press_releases/archive/mr20001110-00.html (853 words)

	SULAIR: Swain Library: General Guide: Awards
		The Enrico Fermi Award is a Presidential award – one of the oldest and most prestigious science and technology awards given by the U.S. Government.
		Fritz Pregl Prize is awarded annually since 1931 by the Austrian Academy of Sciences, from the funds left at its disposal by the Nobel prize-winning chemist Fritz Pregl, to an Austrian scientist for distinguished achievements in chemistry.
		The award will be made on an annual basis, when warranted, to a younger scientist who is age 40 or younger on June 30 for the year in which nominated and should have spent the most recent three (3) years doing chemical research in Texas.
	www-sul.stanford.edu /depts/swain/help/subjectguides/general/career/awards.html (878 words)

	The American Experience \| Race for the Superbomb \| Enrico Fermi, (1901 - 1954)
		The story that his wife Laura tells, is that Enrico Fermi's interest in physics can be traced back to the death of his older brother Giulio when Fermi was just 14.
		Fermi was so intrigued by them, he read them straight through, apparently, not even noticing that they were in Latin.
		Fermi did not realize until later that he had, in fact, succeeded in splitting the uranium atom.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/bomb/peopleevents/pandeAMEX52.html (582 words)

	Enrico Fermi - DOE R&D Accomplishments
		Fermi's accomplishments were in both theoretical and experimental physics, a unique feat in an age in which scientific endeavors have tended to specialize on one aspect or the other.
		Fermi's momentous accomplishments caused him to be recognized as one of the great scientists of the 20th century.
		Excerpt from "Enrico Fermi's Impact on Science" by John Marburger, White House Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, at the Italian Embassy on November 27, 2001.
	www.osti.gov /accomplishments/fermi.html (983 words)

	Fermi Award to Ugo Fano (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Fano was an advanced student of Fermi's in Italy before they both emigrated to the United States in the late 1930s.
		The Fermi Award honors Enrico Fermi, the Italian-born physicist who in 1942 led a group of scientists at the University to create the first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction.
		The award was approved by President Clinton on the recommendation of Hazel O'Leary, Secretary of the Department of Energy.
	chronicle.uchicago.edu /960104/fermi.shtml (425 words)

	Enrico Fermi -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		After receiving the award in Sweden, he never returned to fascist Italy but instead moved directly to the U.S., where he joined the faculty of Columbia University and soon became one of the chief architects of practical nuclear physics.
		He was awarded the 1938 Nobel Prize for Physics, and the Enrico Fermi...
		He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1944 and shared the Enrico Fermi Award in 1966 with Strassmann and Lise Meitner.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9364346 (910 words)

	Three scientists to receive Presidential Enrico Fermi Award
		The Fermi award is a presidential award and recognizes scientists of international stature for their lifetimes of exceptional achievement in the development, use or production of energy (broadly defined to include the science and technology of nuclear, atomic, molecular, and particle interactions and effects).
		Secretary Abraham will present the awards on October 22 at a conference in Washington, D.C. The conference, Nuclear Energy and Science for the 21st Century: Atoms for Peace Plus Fifty, marks the 50th anniversary of the speech by President Eisenhower to the United Nations General Assembly on the peaceful uses of the atom.
		The conference and Fermi Award ceremony are open to the public and press, but registration is required and seating is extremely limited.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-10/ddoe-tst100903.php (706 words)

	Evans Shares Fermi Award
		Robley D. Evans, MIT professor emeritus of physics and one of the founders of the field of nuclear medicine, is one of two recipients of the 1990 Enrico Fermi Award, the US Department of Energy's highest scientific honor.
		The Fermi Award, named after the scientist who directed the first self-sustained, controlled nuclear reaction, recognizes "exceptional and altogether outstanding scientific technical achievement in the development, use or control of atomic energy." Dr. Evans, who received three degrees, including the PhD, from the California Institute of Technology, joined the MIT faculty in 1934.
		Earlier MIT recipients of the Fermi award were Dr. Manson Benedict, Institute Professor Emeritus, and professor emeritus of nuclear engineering (1972); Dr. Norman C. Rasmussen, McAfee Professor of Engineering and professor of nuclear engineering (1985); and Dr. Victor F.
	web.mit.edu /newsoffice/tt/1990/oct31/23823.html (479 words)

	Enrico Fermi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Fermi moved to the University of Chicago to be in charge of the first major step in making feasible the building of a bomb.
		Fermi joined the faculty at the University of Chicago and continued his investigation of the nucleus of the atom, concentrating on the particles that make up the nucleus.
		Fermi is recognized among physicists as one of the great scientists of the 20th century.
	www.newton.mec.edu /brown/te/INVENTORS/INVENTORS/byKIDS/landautaylor.html (595 words)

	Clinton names Fermi Award winners; Sidney Drell honored : 11/00 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		President Clinton on Thursday named Sidney Drell, a physicist and professor emeritus at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), a winner of the Enrico Fermi Award, which is given for a lifetime of achievement in the field of nuclear energy.
		The Department of Energy administers the Fermi Award for the White House, and Secretary of Energy Bill Richardson will present the awards on Dec. 18 in a ceremony in Washington, D.C. The Fermi Award, the government's oldest science and technology award, dates back to 1956.
		It honors the memory of Enrico Fermi, leader of the group of scientists who, on Dec. 2, 1942, achieved the first self-sustained, controlled nuclear reaction at the University of Chicago.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/report/news/2000/november15/drellfermi-1115.html (460 words)

	Vol. 23, No. 5 - Access to Energy Newsletter
		The award will undoubtedly mention that Martin Kamen was the first man to synthesize Carbon 14, the first (with his co-worker Sam Reuben) to make a qualitative characterization of its properties, and the first to estimate its half-life (2,000 to 4,000 years in his initial work - now known to be 5,730 years).
		With the award of the Fermi prize, the United States government has not only correctly honored his scientific achievements, it has lifted the last vestiges of the cloud it placed over his character and patriotism.
		Although the existence of the atomic piles, the first built at Chicago under the direction of Enrico Fermi and the second at Oak Ridge, was vaguely known about by many scientists within the Manhattan Project, the operating parameters of these machines were very closely guarded secrets.
	www.accesstoenergy.com /view/ate/s41p841.htm (3957 words)

	DOE Research and Development Accomplishments
		Fermi, Enrico – led the project to produce the first controlled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction.
		Perl, Martin L. – was awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the tau lepton.
		Schrieffer, J. Robert – contributed to the development of the theory of superconductivity known as the BCS Theory, for which he was awarded the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physics.
	www.osti.gov /accomplishments/index.html (1018 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The honor is the government's oldest science and technology award and is granted for a lifetime of achievement in the field of nuclear energy.
		Martin Kamen, 82, will receive the award for his discovery of Carbon-14 and his development of its use as a tracer atom -- one of the most powerful research techniques of this century -- and for his work on photosynthesis.
		The Fermi Award, which dates to 1956, honors the memory of Enrico Fermi, leader of the group of scientists who on December 2, 1942, achieved the first self-sustained, controlled nuclear reaction at the University of Chicago.
	clinton6.nara.gov /1995/12/1995-12-15-president-announces-recipients-of-fermi-award.html (640 words)

	Inventor Enrico Fermi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The lecture notes presented here in facsimile were prepared by Enrico Fermi for students taking his course at the University of Chicago in 1954.
		In 1938, at the age of 37, Enrico Fermi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
		Enrico Fermi, was the last of the double-threat physicists: a genius at creating both esoteric theories and elegant experiments.
	www.ideafinder.com /history/inventors/fermi.htm (733 words)

	News in Brief (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Fermi is credited with being the first physicist to split the atom.
		Following Fermi’s death on November 16, 1954, the Institute for Nuclear Studies was renamed the Enrico Fermi Institute for Nuclear Studies.
		Also named in his memory are the element fermium, the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Illinois, and the Enrico Fermi Award, the government’s oldest science and technology award.
	maroon.uchicago.edu /news/articles/2001/09/28/news_in_brief.php?x=email (443 words)

	Anecdote - Enrico Fermi - Fermi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		As early as March 1939, Enrico Fermi tried to explain to Admiral Hooper (the Chief of Naval Operations) that uranium fission might be used to build a powerful weapon.
		On one occasion, Fermi got no further than two young lieutenant commanders, who politley listened as he outlined his case in broken English, before kindly showing him to the door.
		Fermi, Enrico (1901-1954) Italian-born American physicist, Nobel Prize recipient (Physics, 1938) [noted for his work on artificial radioactivity caused by neutron bombardment, and for his production (at the University of Chicago in 1942) of the first controlled nuclear chain reaction in history]
	www.anecdotage.com /index.php?aid=10252 (163 words)

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