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Topic: Ensilage

	Ensilage - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ensilage is the process of preserving green food for cattle in an undried condition in a storage silo, a pit for holding grain from which air has been, as far as possible, excluded.
		Special attention was first directed to the practice of ensilage by a French agriculturist, Auguste Goffart of the district of Sologne, near Orleans, who in 1877 published a book detailing the experiences of many years in preserving green crops in silos.
		The crops suitable for ensilage are the ordinary grasses, clovers, alfalfa, vetches, oats, rye and maize, the latter being the most important silage crop in America; various weeds may also be stored in silos with good results, notably spurrey, Spergula arvensis, a most troublesome plant in poor light soils.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ensilage (709 words)

	ENSILAGE - LoveToKnow Article on ENSILAGE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Special attention was first directed to the practice of ensilage by a French agriculturist, Auguste Goffart of the district of Sologne, near Orleans, who in 1877 published a work (Manuel de la culture et de I'ensilage des ma'is et autres fourrages verts) detailing the experiences of many years in preserving green crops in silos.
		Early silos were made of stone or concrete either above or below ground, but it is recognized that air may be sufficiently excluded in a tightly pressed stack, though in this case a few inches of the fodder round the sides is generally useless owing to mildew.
		The crops suitable for ensilage are the ordinary grasses, clovers, lucerne, vetches, oats, rye and maize, the latter being the most important silage crop in America; various weeds may also be stored in silos with good results, notably spurrey (Spergula arvensis).
	41.1911encyclopedia.org /E/EN/ENSILAGE.htm (729 words)

	The Last Dairy Farm in Shirley: 5
		Our first ensilage corn (Cornell 29-3) field of about eight acres was planted in back of the Whitney Road house and was hoed and weeded with garden hoes.
		Our first ensilage cutter had an apronless trough and stalks were pushed into the cutter by hand - not a job for a child.
		A field ensilage cutter was purchased in 1965.
	users.rcn.com /shs1.ma.ultranet/dairy/page5.html (1041 words)

	GA-0049
		The fact that the Board has never assessed corn ensilage and has only recently begun to explore the possibility indicates that the voters who approved the 1980 and 1990 referenda did not consider corn ensilage "corn" within the scope of the referenda.
		Because corn ensilage is not "corn" within the meaning of the referenda, the collection of an assessment on corn ensilage would "exceed the maximum [rate of assessment] established in the election authorizing the assessment," in violation of section 41.058(d).
		Corn ensilage is not "corn" for purposes of the 1980 and 1990 referenda authorizing the Texas Corn Producers Board to collect an assessment on corn.
	www.oag.state.tx.us /opinions/op50abbott/ga-0049.htm (1424 words)

	The development of a novel antifungal silage inoculant, Intro Part 1
		The choice of crops for ensilage depends primarily on the local environment, but sometimes waste products such as the fibrous residues left after juice extraction from fruit, or sugar extraction from beet or cane, can be used.
		Ensilage depends upon the successful exclusion of air, and in a well sealed silo less than 0.5% of atmospheric oxygen is left after 30 minutes (Woolford, 1990).
		Treatment of crops with acids prior to ensilage has been used as a way to produce a consistently low pH without fermentation, but a low pH in itself is not sufficient to prevent aerobic deterioration, as many yeast are able to withstand the lowest pH which can be achieved in practice.
	www.brighton73.freeserve.co.uk /tomsplace/scientific/phd/Introduction/phd-intr.htm (11658 words)

	Silage - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Silage is fermented, high-moisture forage to be fed to ruminants, cud-chewing animals like cattle and sheep.
		It is fermented and stored in a storage silo, a process called ensilage.
		Silage is most often made from grass crops, including corn (maize) or sorghum.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Silage (805 words)

	Silage Production and Techniques in Malaysia
		One of these is to increase productivity where ensilage will increase the amount of feed available as well as maintain the quality of feed fed to livestock.
		Another on-going DVS ensilage activity, initially started in 1994 as a joint project with the Department of Agriculture, makes use of sweet corn stover, the crop residue derived from the cultivation of sweet corn in the northern and east coast states of the country (Chin and Idris 1999; Idris et al.
		Ensilage is done through the use of several types of horizontal silo, small vertical cylindrical silos, plastic bags, and plastic drums as well as through plastic film wrapping of baled fodder (Chin and Idris 1999).
	www.fao.org /ag/agp/agpc/doc/proceedings/manado/chap26.htm (2452 words)

	Efficient Improvement of Silage Additives by Using Genetic Algorithms -- Davies et al. 66 (4): 1435 -- Applied and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		During ensilage a number of criteria may be used to assess the progress of the fermentation.
		ensilage in the absence of additives (10, 45).
		Degradation of fructans by epiphytic and inoculated lactic-acid bacteria and by plant enzymes during ensilage of normal and sterile hybrid ryegrass.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/66/4/1435 (6687 words)

	[No title]
		The feasibility of successful ensilage of tropical grasses and legumes Tropical grasses and legumes are not natural ensilage material, largely because at cutting, they have a low content of water soluble carbohydrates, which are essential to successful ensilage (Table 1).
		It has been shown that ensilage of forage can be carried out with simple technology and that forages such as tropical grasses, forage legumes, forage tree legumes, forage sorghum and pennisetums can be produced and ensiled successfully this way.
		There is also potential for the ensilage of many agro-industrial by- products with forages and legumes and this needs increased attention in the field of research into low cost feeds for livestock.
	www.fao.org /WAICENT/FAOINFO/AGRICULT/AGP/AGPC/gp/SILAGE/TEXT/Paper4.txt (3609 words)

	Untitled Document
		The results indicate that the effect on MRP of anaerobic fermentation may be different between ensilage and ruminal fermentation.
		The experiment on ensilage was carried out using a flask containing alfalfa juice with or without MRPs at 0.5 g/l.
		The great reduction during ensilage suggests that although MRPs are formed during wilting most of them may be disappeared before animals are given the silage.Negligible value of MRPs for rumen fermentation was also reported in other experiments, while this study has shown that different susceptibility according to the substrates involved in the Maillard reaction.
	cnrit.tamu.edu /conf/isnh/post-online/post0098 (861 words)

	Agriculture Canada / One Hundred Harvests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Three pairs of steers were each fed a different ration as follows: hay, roots, and meal; corn ensilage and meal; and hay, roots, corn ensilage, and meal.
		In summary those fed corn ensilage and meal gained more weight, and although they ate more feed per day, the cost of the feed was between four and seven cents per day less than the other two rations.
		The ensilage containing sunflower heads was judged to produce milk that made butter richer and more highly colored than that produced from corn ensilage.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /agrican/pubweb/hs270011.asp (1028 words)

	Teagasc - 4. Manipulating Grass Fermentation
		This contrasts with the commonly articulated view that high concentrations of nitrate in grass are correlated with poor ensilability and thus to silage being susceptible to a clostridial fermentation.
		On average, as ensilage proceeded from day 28 to 100 to 400, there was a progressive increase (P<0.05) in pH and in the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid and ammonia-N, and a corresponding decrease (P<0.05) in the concentration of lactic acid and in the recovery of ensiled DM.
		This was reflected in the relatively low concentrations of acetic acid and ammonia-N found in the control silage during the early stages of ensilage.
	www.teagasc.ie /research/reports/beef/4622/eopr-4622_04.htm (5019 words)

	76B-3 A statistically-based strategy for marigold flower ensilage to increase xanthophylls extraction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In this stage, the microorganisms associated with the marigold flower degrades the cellulose and hemicellulose present in the cell walls and increases the mass exchange in the lixiviation process.
		We address the optimization culture used in the ensilage as an alternative to improve the overall extraction.
		A mixed culture comprised of 9.8% Flavobacterium IIb, 41% Acinetobacter anitratus and 49.2% Rhizopus nigricans used during the ensilage resulted in a yield increase in the total xanthophyll extraction of 24.94 g/kg dry weight.
	ift.confex.com /ift/2003/techprogram/paper_17178.htm (353 words)

	Warfarin
		He discovered that a chemical, dicoumorin, found in the ensilage of sweetclover hay from those ranches suffering the losses, was a powerful anticoagulant.
		Dicoumarin is the result of a substance called coumarin, which is the chemical which gives new-mown hay its characteristic smell, being subjected to the heat and mold in a silo, and forming a double molecule.
		The year of the serious losses had been an unusually warm one after the ensilage was created.
	www.flounder.com /warfarin.htm (1265 words)

	Chapter Ensilage <i>to</i> Episemon of E by Brewer's Phrase & Fable (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Chapter Ensilage to Episemon of E by Brewer's Phrase and Fable
		Ensilage A method of preserving green fodder by storing it in mass under pressure in deep trenches cut in a dry soil.
		Entail' An entail is an estate cut from the power of a testator.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/255/1170/22615/1.html (574 words)

	Agriculture Canada / One Hundred Harvests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The corn that Saunders and Robertson grew was used for ensilage except in the southernmost part of Ontario, where it was shelled.
		To make ensilage, the whole corn plant (known as maize in Europe) is harvested while still green, chopped, sometimes mixed with alfalfa or clover, frequently supplemented with molasses, and then either blown into an upright silo or spread in a horizontal, or pit, silo.
		According to R.I. Hamilton (29) the large amount of land used for growing corn in Canada today is the result of development of appropriate fertilizers, cultivation methods, disease, insect, and weed control, and harvesting methods as well as the breeding of hybrids to conform to Canadian climatic limitations.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /agrican/pubweb/hs270111.asp (1672 words)

	OSCN Found Document:MASTON v. GLEN LUMBER CO. et al.
		In this part of the plea and the evidence supporting it defendant appears to be floundering, for under the plea of fraud as made he might have offered his evidence, since fraud that would vitiate the oral contract pleaded would also vitiate the written contract, by which he was surprised.
		We think there is no competent evidence, however, that the damage alleged was due to the ensilage fed; there is certainly none that the defective ensilage was due to any defect in the silo itself.
		The ensilage might have been injurious to the stock for many reasons--it might, so far as the record discloses, have been improper material, improperly put up or improperly fed. We, therefore, hold that there was no abuse of discretion in refusing the amendment.
	www.oscn.net /applications/oscn/deliverdocument.asp?citeid=25067 (1867 words)

	William Coaker's farm at Paradise
		The second ridge, or hill number two, was attacked in September and twenty to twenty-five acres of splendid soil which it contained have been cleared and ready for sowing to Timothy Clover and Oats.
		The intention is to grow twenty-five acres of Heavy Oats in 1935 and place the production in a silo, using an ensilage cutter to prepare the fodder for keeping in the silo, which will take fifty to sixty tons of green feed.
		The two have a capacity of 130 tons of ensilage and about 110 tons of cut green oats were stored in them during the past season.
	www.ucs.mun.ca /~melbaker/paradise.htm (1093 words)

	ENSILAGE - Online Information article about ENSILAGE
		attention was first directed to the practice of ensilage by a See also:
		Kingdom, where, with different conditions, success has been more qualified.
		area by the use of ensilage than is possible by the use of green crops.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /EMS_EUD/ENSILAGE.html (1180 words)

	AgProfessional.com
		However, they could be salvaged by putting it up as ensilage (fig.
		Ensilage quality depends on the amount of grain that is produced, and the plant moisture of the crop when harvested.
		Hopefully, in those instances, the producer either has some insurance protection or is able utilize the ensilage through his or her own feeding program.
	www.agprofessional.com /croptalk.php?id=1950 (501 words)

	History of Silage
		The first tower silo in the U.S.A. was probably built in the mid 1870s by a farmer in Illinois who had read an English translation of the Goffart’s articles in the Journal d'Agriculture Practique while he was a student at the University of Illinois.
		Influenced by the French reports, M. Miles, a farmer in Michigan, experimented with ensilage made from whole-plant corn in 1875.
		By 1882, a report by the United States Department of Agriculture contained statements from over 90 farmers in both U.S.A. and Canada regarding their ensilage practices.
	www.oznet.ksu.edu /pr_silage/history_of_silage.htm (937 words)

	US Patent 4,533,280 - Surface Removal Silo Unloader (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Inventor: Tom Elliott and Todd Knecht, Towanda, PA An improved silo unloader having an ensilage cover of air impermeable thermally insulating material for limiting air contact with the surface of the ensilage.
		The ensilage cover rests on the surface of the ensilage and rotates with the lower part of the silo unloader.
		The ensilage cover is preferably constructed of upper and lower layers of air-impermeable material with an insulating layer between.
	www.lightlink.com /bbm/xsiloun2.html (106 words)

	Star Seed Inc.
		Magnum Ultra BMR is a summer annual male sterile forage sorghum that grows to a height of 6-9 ft. Having no grain set keeps more nutrients in the stalk and increases the nutritional value of the forage.
		This new variety has large wide leaves, a high grain-to-leaf ratio and a plant height of 6-10 ft. You can expect the preferred palatability from the bmr trait plus the added value of a dry stalk, low tannin, non-pigmented test seed coat — all of which adds to the total nutritive value.
		This new variety is extremely sweet, very palatable with a nutritive value that exceeds the value of corn ensilage while using 1/3 less water to reproduce an equivalent amount of corn.
	www.gostarseed.com /htm/whatsnew.htm (315 words)

	IFIS S.p.a - Syntetic Twines Manufacturing
		This stretch film, for on-field wrapping and ensilage of hay bales is 100% made of Low-Density Polyethylene, stabilized against U.V. rays.
		The film technical features guarantee a perfect anaerobic forage ensilage.
		Each bale indeed becomes a little silo, capable to resist to external infiltration and being protected even for a long time.
	www.ifisspa.com /eng/fiin.htm (75 words)

	Amazon.com: G Ames 1829500 American Made Ensilage Fork: Outdoor Living (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The American Made Ensilage Fork has 10 welded tines with 1-1/2 inch spacing.
		With that kind of history, you can be confident that your Ames tools are rugged and dependable.
		True Temper, 10 Tine Ensilage Fork, Welded Steel Head, With 16" Round Tines On Bent Ferrule, 30" Super D Handle, Replacement Handle, Sequatchie #730-29, True Value #102160.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/B00004S1RF?v=glance (360 words)

	Cows from A-Z
		ENSILAGE is chopped-up cornstalks and corncobs, grass, and other vegetation.
		Cows eat grass in the summer and graze day and night in the pasture.
		In the winter they stay in the barn most of the time and eat hay, ensilage, and grain.
	www.geocities.com /abecedarius/Cows.html (1203 words)

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