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Enteral Feeding in Critically Ill Medical Patients: Begin It Early or Late? Whether enteral feeding early in the course of illness is harmful or helpful to critically ill medical patients remains unclear. The investigators hypothesized that mortality would be lower among patients who received early enteral feeding, and that was indeed the case, although the observed mortality reductions were mainly in the sickest patients. The authors concluded that early enteral feeding is likely to benefit critically ill patients at high risk of death, although they suspected that it may be good for all critically patients. www.pulmonaryreviews.com /sep06/enteral.html   (506 words)

WSAVA 2001 - Enteral Feeding Devices: What’s Old, What’s New? Nasoesophageal tube feeding is contraindicated in animals that are vomiting, comatose, or lack a gag reflex. Polyvinylchloride (Infant Feeding Tube, Argyle Division of Sherwood Medical, St. Louis, MO) or red rubber tubes (Sovereign Feeding Tube, Monoject Division of Sherwood Medical, St. Louis, MO) are the least expensive tubes, although the polyvinylchloride tubes may harden within two weeks of insertion and cause irritation or ulceration of the pharynx or esophagus. Feeding should be delayed for 24 hours after placing a gastrostomy tube, to allow gastric motility to return, and to allow formation of a fibrin seal. www.vin.com /VINDBPub/SearchPB/Proceedings/PR05000/PR00169.htm   (3060 words)

Postgraduate Medicine: Tube feeding in the elderly   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) As long as the gastrointestinal tract is functional, the enteral route is preferred to the parenteral route and is accomplished through the use of a feeding tube (7-9). The decision to initiate tube feeding is made by the healthcare provider after a detailed discussion with the patient or surrogate (in the case of a cognitively impaired patient). Feeding tubes are classified as nasogastric, nasojejunal, gastrostomy (ie, percutaneous, surgical, or radiologic), or jejunostomy (ie, percutaneous or surgical). www.postgradmed.com /issues/2004/02_04/dharmarajan.htm   (2973 words)

Enteral Feeding Enteral tube feeding has become a widely used health care technology both in the hospital and community settings, and its increasing use is associated with a range of different routes and systems for delivery of nutrition. Enteral tube feeding (ETF) is considered 'routine' by many health care professionals involved with it, but can still be a daunting thought for patients and carers. Enteral feeding literally means using the gastrointestinal tract for the delivery of nutrients, which includes eating food, consuming oral supplements and all types of tube feeding. www.dietetics.co.uk /article_enteral_feeding.asp   (1062 words)

Feeding tube - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Feeding tubes may be used for the force-feeding of prisoners on hunger strike, a controversial use often categorized as torture. Feeding tubes are also used for the force-feeding of animals, such as the ducks and geese used to produce foie gras. Feeding through these tubes are generally commercially prepared to provide adequate nutrition and to not result in clogging when used with a pump or with drip feedings. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gastric_feeding_tube   (874 words)

Enteral feeding. Nasogastric, nasojejunal, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, or jejunostomy: its indications and ... Enteral nutrition can be provided in the form of drink supplements, or if a patient is unable to take adequate nutritional supplements orally, fed via an enteral tube into the stomach or small bowel. Enteral tube feeding is a valuable treatment modality in the management of both acute and chronic illness. We have used "self propelling" nasojejunal tubes for enteral feeding successfully for an number of patients with acute pancreatitis and hyperemesis gravidarum,16 and we await the progress of further clinical experience. www.pnmj.org /03102005_enteral_feeding.asp   (4576 words)

American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy :: Member Site   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) Enteral nutritional support has a major role in the management of critically ill intensive care unit patients, those requiring nothing by mouth for more than 7 to 10 days, persons with chronic neurologic or mechanical dysphagia, and individuals with gut dysfunction. Enteral nutritional support is generally preferred over parenteral nutritional support based on direct and indirect costs, associated risks, and preservation of gut function and integrity. Feeding solution delivery distal to the ligament of Treitz may also be indicated to allow enteral nutrition while maintaining pancreatic exocrine rest for acute pancreatitis and for chronic pancreatic complications. www.asge.org /nspages/practice/patientcare/03-enteral.cfm   (2985 words)

ENTERAL NUTRITION Enteral feeding is the method of nutrient solutions fed into gastrointestinal (GI) tract through a tube. Enteral nutrition is the optimal method for meeting nutritional needs of a child who has a functioning gut and is unable or unwilling to achieve oral intake. The content of feeding are determined by the dietician to provide the requirement of the nutrients such as protein, calories, carbohydrate fat, vitamins, minerals and water. www.indiandoctors.com /papers/nutri/enteral.htm   (3043 words)

Enteral-Assisted Feeding Feeding via the GI tract can be the simplest, fastest, easiest, safest, least expensive and most physiologic method of feeding cats. The feeding schedule is often determined by the patient's ability to tolerate food and the logistics of feeding. Feeding an amount equal to the patients RER during the first 24 hours of food re-introduction, if physically tolerated, is recommended. maxshouse.com /Enteral-Assisted_Feeding.htm   (2403 words)

Home Enteral Nutrition   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) Enteral nutrition support can be accomplished in a wide variety of patients with many disease processes, from dysphagia to short bowel syndrome. Prior to initiating enteral nutrition, it is important that a patient receive a nutrition assessment to determine his or her nutritional status and therefore nutrient needs. In determining the type of enteral access to be used, the physician must consider how long the patient will receive the enteral feeding (short or long term) as well as the type and viscosity of the feeding solution, volume of solution to be provided and the administration rate. c4isr.com /oley/lifeline/henND.html   (3236 words)

Transpyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preterm infants Enteral feeding tubes for preterm infants may be placed in the stomach (gastric tube feeding) or in the upper small bowel (transpyloric tube feeding). Enteral feeds may be delivered through a catheter passed via the nose or the mouth into the stomach or upper small bowel. The incidence of gastrointestinal disturbance that results in cessation of enteral feeding was found to be statistically significantly higher in infants fed via the transpyloric route in a meta-analysis of the studies that reported these outcomes. www.nichd.nih.gov /cochrane/McGuire3/McGuire.HTM   (7059 words)

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) Feeding by the enteral route is more physiologic than that by the parenteral route and consequently has fewer short-term and long-term complications. In addition, tube feeding may be indicated in altered sensorium, renal disease [6], HIV infection [7], short-bowel syndrome [8], Crohn's disease [9], intestinal pseudo-obstruction [10], muscular dystrophy, anorexia nervosa, delayed gastric emptying, nutrient malabsorption, depression, and inappropriate caloric intake. Enteral feeding pumps are not as costly or as complex as those used for intravenous therapy. www.naspghan.org /sub/ENTERAL_AND_PARENTERAL_NUTRITION.htm   (5225 words)

Section 2 - Complications of enteral nutrition Enteral tube feeding is the preferred method of nutritional support when the GI tract is functional and the patient is unable or unwilling to consume an adequate oral diet. Use of small-bowel feeding tubes, promotility agents, periodic assessment of gastric residuals, and keeping the head of the bed elevated may reduce the risk of aspiration. Presence of the feeding tube itself may cause upper and lower airway complications, aggravation of esophageal varices, cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, fistulas, and wound infection. www.rxkinetics.com /tpntutorial/2_3.html   (829 words)

Dietetics.co.uk - Enteral Feeding Part 2 Feeding regimens will be devised by the dietitian, using the most appropriate feed for the patient's medical condition. Some patients will be allowed to eat but are unable to eat adequate amounts to improve or maintain their nutritional status, and the enteral feeding tube is used as a back up to ensure nutritional requirements are met. Other than the practicalities of the feeding regimen, patients and carers need to be trained on caring for the tube, hygiene issues, safety and basic problem solving, and must be clear regarding arrangements for supply of feed and equipment. www.dietetics.co.uk /article_enteral_feeding2.asp   (1538 words)

Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care Information - Public Information - Assistive Devices - Publications - ... ADP covers the cost of an enternal feeding pump only for people who require feeds to be delivered by a pump for six hours or more over a 24-hour period. ADP does not cover enteral feeding pumps and supplies used in institutions, such as hospitals and long-term care facilities. There are many different types of enteral feeding pumps and supplies, and they vary in cost. www.health.gov.on.ca /english/public/pub/adp/enteral.html   (800 words)

Enteral Nutrition There are four types of "tube feeding" commonly used in critical care patients in veterinary medicine are orogastric, nasoesophageal, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy. Orogastric feeding is used for the shortest period of time, generally only a day or two. The placement of the tube allows the animal to eat on his or her own if their appetite begins to return, allowing the veterinary staff to supplement the diet by feeding through the tube until the animal is able to eat enough calories to maintain his or her weight. www.cvm.tamu.edu /clinicalnutrition/enteral_nutrition.htm   (388 words)

Cyclic, closed enteral feeding safety in the geriatric population - Enteral feeding Nutrition Research Newsletter - ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) The goal of a recent, cross-sectional prospective study was to assess the microbiological quality of a 1-1 prefilled closed sterile enteral feeding system (CS) under clinical conditions simulating cyclic enteral feeding over a 24-hr period in geriatric patients hospitalized for acute care, rehabilitation, or long-term care. After 5 hr of feeding at a 100 ml/h flow rate, the set was disconnected and a sample was taken (T5). The investigators therefore conclude that cyclic enteral nutrition using the same pouch during a 24-hr period seems to be safe in the geriatric population. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0887/is_10_21/ai_93698461   (686 words)

Early enteral feeding of the preterm infant -- WILLIAMS 83 (3): 219 -- Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and ... Trophic feeding describes the provision of milk feeds in subnutritional quantities for a predetermined period. Role of feeding in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis. Feeding strategies for premature infants: randomised trial of gastrointestinal priming and tube-feeding method. fn.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/83/3/F219   (1678 words)

UIC College of Pharmacy Drug Information Center Opponents of the phenytoin/enteral feeding interaction find fault with the design of the previously mentioned studies, stating that these studies were poorly controlled and did not use pharmacokinetic measures such as area under the curve (AUC) to analyze the data. Proponents of the phenytoin/enteral feeding interaction counter that those studies that refute Bauer have usually been done in small numbers of healthy individuals who were given a single dose of oral phenytoin followed by a bolus of a specific enteral feeding and do not represent a normal patient population. In addition, consider interrupting the enteral feeding for 1-2 hours before and after oral phenytoin administration to reduce the potential for the interaction between phenytoin and enteral feedings. www.uic.edu /pharmacy/services/di/enteral.htm   (726 words)

ASTM Int'l Approves Enteral Feeding Device Standard   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) Enteral devices can be made in a variety of sizes out of silicone, urethane and various polymers. The new standard, ASTM F 2528 - Test Methods for Enteral Feeding Devices with a Retention Balloon - is under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee F04.35 on GI Applications. "If a feeding device cannot remain properly positioned in the established stoma via the retention balloon due to its failure, then often additional medical procedures have to be performed to extract the device and replace it with a new device," said Rice. engineers.ihs.com /news/astm-enteral-feeding.htm   (442 words)

Erythromycin for feeding intolerance in preterm infants It usually manifests as residual feeds in the stomach prior to the next scheduled feeding, and may be associated with abdominal distension, bile-stained aspirates, or lack of stooling. The slow advancement of enteral feeding often leads to prolonged use of parenteral nutrition which predisposes the infants to nosocomial infections, hepatic dysfunction, and prolonged hospitalization. The staff responsible for the infants' feeding were not aware that the feeding pattern would be studied at a later date. www.nichd.nih.gov /cochrane/ng/ng.htm   (3305 words)

Clinical Nutrition: Enteral Nutrition Then determine the amount of free water provided by the tube feeding formula by multiplying the percent free water content (information available in diet manual, on enteral formulary cards, or by contacting a dietitian) by the total volume of tube feeding formula to be administered each day. A cyclic feeding schedule should be considered for patients for whom free time off the pump is desired. Enteral formulations contain varying amounts of vitamins and minerals and may not be sufficient to meet patient needs. healthlinks.washington.edu /nutrition/section5.html   (1301 words)

Total parenteral nutrition - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia It is normally used following surgery, when feeding by mouth or using the gut is not possible, when a person's digestive system cannot absorb nutrients due to chronic disease, or, alternatively, if a person's nutrient requirement cannot be met by enteral feeding (tube feeding) and supplementation. It has been used for comatose patients, although enteral feeding is usually preferable, and less prone to complications. Feeding schedules vary, but one common regimen ramps up the nutrition over a few hours, levels off the rate for a few hours, and then ramps it down over a few more hours, in order to simulate a normal set of meal times. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Parenteral_nutrition   (500 words)

Enternal Feeding Tubes Tube feeding is widely used in critically ill patients. Feeding can be accomplished by bolus or continuous rate infusion. Enteral feeding of critically ill pets: The choices and techniques. www.vetmed.lsu.edu /intensivecare/enternal.htm   (681 words)

Colonic responses to enteral tube feeding -- BOWLING and SILK 42 (2): 147 -- Gut Enteral feeding has become an invaluable treatment in both the hospital and home setting. Serum albumin (oncotic pressure) correlates with enteral feeding tolerance in the pediatric surgical patient. Hormonal response to enteral feeding and the possible role of Peptide YY in the pathogenesis of enteral feeding related diarrhoea. gut.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/42/2/147   (4293 words)

Feeding Supplies Feeding pump sets are canisters or bags hanging from a drip or IV stand which hold formula for nutritional support. The feeding or enternal pumps, which are used with these bags, come with alarms. Feeding tubes are used for people who have trouble eating for one reason or another. www.elitemedical.com /feedingtubes.html   (312 words)

UpToDate Enteral feeding: Gastric versus post-pyloric Enteral nutrition is generally preferred to parenteral nutrition because of its relative simplicity, safety, and lower cost, as well as its ability to maintain mucosal barrier function. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach will be discussed, with particular reference to the decisions that lead to a choice of feeding method (show algorithm 1). A more permanent feeding tube should be considered if enteral support will be needed for more than four to five weeks [4]. patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=gi_dis/25374   (630 words)

Tracheal Cuff Inflation Tube Mistaken for Enteral Feeding Tube The female connector of the pilot tube is similar in shape and color to the connector of the feeding tube that was used on the patient. Although the female connector on the feeding tube is pink, it appears almost identical to the female connector on the endotracheal tube. We believe that misconnections of enteral and IV solution delivery sets to pilot tube connectors of other tracheal tubes may be nearly as likely as the specific incident described because all of these connectors are Luer compatible. www.mdsr.ecri.org /summary/detail.aspx?doc_id=8148   (865 words)

Enteral Nutrition in Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Fla. An enteral feeding program is necessary when you cannot eat an adequate amount of nourishment by mouth. Home enteral nutrition provides you with the appropriate amount of calories, protein, carbohydrate, fat and essential vitamins and minerals. Home enteral nutrition may be only a few weeks or for the rest of one's life. www.mayoclinic.org /gi-jax/enteral.html   (318 words)

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