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Topic: Entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Bosnia and Herzegovina

Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

History of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina

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List of rulers of Bosnia

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	Bosnia and Herzegovina - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		On November 21, 1995, in Dayton, Ohio, presidents of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Alija Izetbegović), Croatia (Franjo Tuđman), and Serbia (Slobodan Milošević) signed a peace agreement that brought a halt to the three years of war in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the final agreement was signed in Paris on 14 December 1995).
		The Dayton Agreement succeeded in ending the bloodshed in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and it institutionalized the division between the Bosnian-Herzegovinian Muslim and Croat entity - Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (51% of the territory), and the Bosnian-Herzegovinian Serb entity - Republika Srpska (49%).
		Bosnia is located in the western Balkans, bordering Croatia to the north and south-west, and Serbia and Montenegro to the east.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina (2064 words)

	Sarajevo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sarajevo is economically one of the strongest regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
		The central bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina is found in the city, as are numerous other independent banks.
		As the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo is naturally the main center of the country's media.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sarajevo (4257 words)

	Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina rotates among three members (Bosniak, Serb, Croat), each elected for a 4-year term.
		The Chair of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina is nominated by the Presidency and approved by the House of Representatives.
		Bosnia and Herzegovina did not have a permanent election law until 2001, during which time a draft law specified four-year terms for the state and first-order administrative division entity legislatures.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Politics_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina (1462 words)

	Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe
		Bosnia and Herzegovina fulfilled almost all major formal commitments due within a year of the accession, including the accession to key human rights treaties, the implementation of constitutional amendments and adoption of several laws in the field of justice and education.
		Although Bosnia and Herzegovina may now have a number of laws that meet European standards, the Assembly is concerned by the undue delay in setting up the implementing bodies, caused also by the shortage of domestic professionals capable of administering the reforms.
		Bosnia and Herzegovina’s transition to a market economy has been undertaken in peculiar circumstances: the years immediately after Dayton were dominated by issues of security, reconstruction, refugee returns and primary peace-keeping, into which the International community has invested[19] around 5.1 billion USD.
	assembly.coe.int /Main.asp?link=http://assembly.coe.int/Documents/WorkingDocs/Doc04/EDOC10200.htm (13563 words)

	The Dayton Peace Agreement: Human Rights Guarantees and Their Implementation
		Furthermore, according to Article III(2)(c), the Entities are required to provide a safe and secure environment for all persons in their respective jurisdictions by maintaining civilian law enforcement agencies operating in accordance with internationally recognized standards and respecting the internationally recognized human rights and fundamental freedoms referred to in Article II.
		Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Entities agree to ensure that conditions exist for free and fair elections, to protect the right to vote in secret without intimidation and agree to ensure freedom of expression, freedom of the press, freedom of association (including political parties) and freedom of movement.
		Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Entities guarantee the right of all refugees and displaced persons freely to return to their homes of origin in safety and without discrimination or harassment.
	www.ejil.org /journal/Vol7/No2/art5-01.html (1427 words)

	WashingtonPost.com: Balkans Report
		In June 1991, Slovenia and Croatia declared their independence, while the parliament of Bosnia and Herzegovina adopted a declaration of sovereignty a few months later.
		That included the preservation of Bosnia as a single state, and an equitable division of territory between the Muslim-Croat Federation and the Bosnian Serbs.
		Bosnia remains the only former Yugoslav republic with a Muslim plurality, about 44 percent, while 31 percent are Serbs and 17 percent are Croats.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/inatl/longterm/balkans/overview/bosnia.htm (1204 words)

	Bosnia's Next Five Years: Special Reports: Publications: U.S. Institute of Peace
		Objective: For Bosnia and Herzegovina to approach negotiations with the European Union (EU) for an association agreement with a unified economic space and functioning, democratic institutions at the state, entity, cantonal, and municipal levels.
		The concentration of power at the entity level is a major impediment to Bosnia's transition to a multi-ethnic democracy and greater integration with European political and economic institutions.
		The government of Bosnia and Herzegovina should expand efforts to establish a multi-ethnic peacekeeping force from the three military structures for international deployment to UN missions.
	www.usip.org /pubs/specialreports/sr001103.html (5275 words)

	Bosnia and Herzegovina (08/05)
		In Bosnia and Herzegovina, there are 407 primary schools with 250,000 students, 171 secondary schools with 80,000 students, 7 universities in the major cities (Sarajevo, Mostar, Banja Luka, Tuzla, Bihac, and Foca) and 6 academies (4 pedagogic and 2 art academies).
		Bosnia and Herzegovina today consists of two entities -- the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is largely Bosniak and Croat, and the Republika Srpska, which is primarily Serb.
		Bosnia and Herzegovina introduced the direct election of mayors at regional and municipal elections held in October 2004.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2868.htm (3025 words)

	Bosnia Herzegovina - print
		With the end of a process that began over two years ago, the two entities constituting Bosnia and Herzegovina-the Republika Srpska (Serbs) and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosniacs and Croats)-now have constitutions that conform to the Constitutional Court's so-called constituent-peoples decision.
		In the aftermath of this judicial decision, constitutional commissions for each entity were created, in January 2001, and charged with drafting amendments complying with the Court's ruling.
		The signatories were from some of the parties in the multiethnic Alliance for Change coalition, which governs in the Federation and on the federal central-state level-the Social Democratic Party, the Party for Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the New Croat Initiative.
	www.law.nyu.edu /eecr/vol11num3/constitutionwatch/bosnia_print.html (2168 words)

	6th Report of the High Representative for Implementation of the Bosnian Peace Agreement to the Secretary-General of the ...
		There was a further determination that the authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina themselves should be reminded of their own obligations under the Agreement and be pressed to strengthen further the peace process.
		The Bosnia and Herzegovina authorities have yet to nominate an official agent to liaise with the Chamber.
		In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the failure of responsible authorities, particularly in the Republika Srpska, to fulfil their legal obligation to cooperate with the Tribunal continues.
	www.ohr.int /other-doc/hr-reports/default.asp?content_id=3669 (7781 words)

	Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine) informally referred to as the Muslim-Croat Federation is the larger of the two de facto autonomous Entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina which is primarily inhabited by Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims) and Bosnian Croats.
		The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is into ten cantons (kanton or županija):
		A significant portion of Brcko district was also part of the however when the district was created out the territory of both entities it was under control of neither of the two is hence under direct jurisdiction of Bosnia-Herzegovina.
	www.freeglossary.com /Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina (705 words)

	Bosnia and Herzegovina 2001 LSMS (bih\bih01home.html) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The 2001 Bosnia and Herzegovina Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) survey provides individual level and household level socio-economic data from 5,402 households drawn from urban and rural areas in the two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska.
		The sample was designed to allow analyses of Bosnia and Herzegovina as a whole, by entity, and by urban/rural locations.
		The form states that downloading the data obligates you to cite the source of the data and to send copies of papers to the State Agency for Statistics for Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republika Srpska Institute of Statistics, and the Federation of Bosnia-Herzegovina Institute of Statistics and the LSMS Division of the World Bank.
	www.worldbank.org /html/prdph/lsms/country/bih/bih01home.html (415 words)

	Bosnia-Herzegovina Government Information
		Entities and cantons control their own budgets, spending on infrastructure, health care, and education.
		Representing Bosnia and Herzegovina in European and international organizations and institutions and seeking membership in such organizations and institutions of which it is not a member;
		Bosnia and Herzegovina maintains an embassy in the United States at 2109 E Street NW, Washington, DC 20037 (tel.: 202-337-1500; fax: 202-337-1502).
	www.traveldocs.com /ba/govern.htm (648 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- Bosnia and Herzegovina (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Bosnia and Herzegovina's declaration of sovereignty in October 1991, was followed by a declaration of independence from the former Yugoslavia on 3 March 1992 after a referendum boycotted by ethnic Serbs.
		Bosnia and Herzegovina ranked next to Macedonia as the poorest republic in the old Yugoslav federation.
		Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia and Montenegro have delimited most of their boundary, but sections along the Drina River remain in dispute; discussions continue with Croatia on several small disputed sections of the boundary
	www.cia.gov /cia/publications/factbook/print/bk.html (1304 words)

	Bosnia and Herzegovina
		The entities maintain separate armies, but under the Constitution, these are under the ultimate control of the presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
		One of the two entities that make up Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, was established in March 1994 and transformed the government structure of the Bosnian territories under Bosniak and Croatian control.
		The court ruled unconstitutional provisions in both entity constitutions that designated a specific ethnic group or groups as "constituent" in that entity, making clear that the three major ethnic groups--Serbs, Croats, and Bosniaks--as well as "others," are constituent in both entities.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2000/eur/index.cfm?docid=693 (17843 words)

	Bosnia and Herzegovina Entities
		The Dayton accord establishes that the country is divided into two "entities": the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, occupying 51% of the total territory, and the Serb Republic, occupying the remaining 49%.
		Bosnia and Herzegovina is divided into two "entities" and one district.
		Bosnia and Herzegovina appears still to be using postal codes from the time of a unified Yugoslavia.
	www.statoids.com /uba.html (486 words)

	Bosnia and Herzegovina
		The 1995 General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina (the Dayton Accords) ended the 1991-95 war and created the independent state of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), previously one of the constituent republics of Yugoslavia.
		In addition to locally recruited police forces, the entities maintain separate armies, but, under the Constitution, these are under the ultimate control of the presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
		Much of Croat-controlled Herzegovina and towns in eastern RS remained resistant to minority returns, although efforts by hard-line Croats to resettle returning refugees and consolidate the results of ethnic cleansings have ceased for the most part.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/eur/8236.htm (18422 words)

	Milosevic "Bosnia and Herzegovina" - Initial Indictment
		Radovan KARADZIC was President of the Serbian Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Srpska demokratska stranka Bosne i Hercegovine or "SDS") throughout the period of the indictment.
		By 21 November 1991, the Serbian Autonomous Regions and Autonomous Regions consisted of the Autonomous Region of Krajina, the SAO Herzegovina, the SAO Romanija-Birac, the SAO Semberija, and SAO Northern Bosnia.
		On 15 May 1992, the United Nations Security Council in its resolution number 752 demanded that all interference from outside Bosnia and Herzegovina by units of the JNA cease immediately and that those units either be withdrawn, be subjected to the authority of the Government of the Republic, or be disbanded and disarmed.
	www.un.org /icty/indictment/english/mil-ii011122e.htm (8999 words)

	JURIST Bosnia & Herzegovina Law - Bosnian law, legal research, human rights
		Institution of the Ombudsmen of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
		The 1995 General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina (the Dayton Accords) ended the 1991-95 war and created the independent state of Bosnia and Herzegovina, previously one of the constituent republics of Yugoslavia.
		The judiciary in both entities remained subject to influence by dominant political parties and by the executive branch.
	jurist.law.pitt.edu /world/bosnia.htm (1238 words)

	United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in Bosnia and Herzegovina
		While this may indeed be the case it is generally upheld through that the spirit of the BWI in relation to women and to the development of local NGOs has been largely maintained.
		It was further agreed that as the Bosnia and Herzegovina Women's Initiative grows in scale, the establishment of Regional Selection Committees should be considered.
		This in effect means that a single NGO wishing to operate country-wide would have to register two separate legal bodies, in the two Entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, where two sets of staff and two separate bank accounts would be required.
	www.unhcr.ba /programme/bwi-index.htm (1403 words)

	Mailing List ENVCEE-L: Historical pact on Bosnia-Herzegovina environment
		Herzegovina (BiH) today announced their signing of an agreement
		Entities have officially chosen to cooperate in harmonising their
		Herzegovina are finally changing for the better," said Ibrahim
	ecolu-info.unige.ch /archives/envcee98/0264.html (437 words)

	REC: The Bulletin 9/1: Update on Bosnia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In 1997, the formerly warring parties in Bosnia and Herzegovina were still not talking to each other and the Dayton peace agreement appeared fragile and unworkable.
		Soon after, the ministers of environment of the two entities met at the REC's head office on 14 July 1998 to sign the Szentendre Agreement, one of the highest-level cooperative agreements between the two entities up to that time (see story in The Bulletin, Vol.
		Other international activities coordinated by the ESC on behalf of the entities include the incorporation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Strategic Action Program for Pollution Prevention in the Danube River Basin and the Ozone Unit under the Montreal Protocol.
	www.rec.org /REC/Bulletin/Bull91/Bosnia.html (803 words)

	UNMIBH - Bosnia Herzegovina
		The success of the peace process in Bosnia and Herzegovina still depends very much at this stage on the commitment and sustained support from the international community.
		The commitment and contributions by the international community to the peace process in Bosnia and Herzegovina should be matched by the commitment and full cooperation of the Bosnian leadership and people at every level for, ultimately, the main responsibility to achieve peace, national reconciliation and nation-building lies with them.
		Malaysia is proud to have been associated with the efforts to rebuild peace and stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
	www.un.int /malaysia/SC/SC13Jun00.html (831 words)

	Bosnia and Herzegovina - City Population - Cities, Towns & Provinces - Statistics & Maps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Bosnia and Herzegovina - City Population - Cities, Towns & Provinces - Statistics & Maps
		Most of the population figures of 1981 and 1991 have been provided by Dragan Markovic.
		Federacija Bosna i Hercegovina [Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina]
	www.citypopulation.de /Bosna.html (39 words)

	Process of Constitutional Change in Bosnia and Herzegovina's Entities is completed
		In partnership with Bosnia and Herzegovina's political leadership and the governments of the two Entities, the High Representative, Wolfgang Petritsch, has today completed the long process of constitutional change in BiH's Entities by issuing three Decisions.
		The new Entity Constitutions, fully incorporating the Mrakovica-Sarajevo Agreement, ensure that Bosnia and Herzegovina's peoples and citizens are represented at all levels of government and public administration in both Entities, and provide them with far-reaching rights in the decision-making process.
		Soon to take his leave of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the High Representative, Wolfgang Petritsch, looks at the country's future with confidence and optimism.
	www.ohr.int /print?content_id=7478 (657 words)

	Bosnia and Herzegovina Panel Survey (bih\bihpanel.html) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		A Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) survey was done in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2001.
		This survey provides individual level and household level socio-economic data from 5,402 households drawn from urban and rural areas in the two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska.
		These surveys were carried out by the State Agency for Statistics for Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republika Srpska Institute of Statistics and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Institute of Statistics with the technical and financial assistance of the the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (DfID).
	www.worldbank.org /html/prdph/lsms/country/bih/bihpanel.html (173 words)

	Global Beat: Analysis Of Weekend Bosnia Elections On Worldnet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		I am confident that international investors who in the long run are more important to the economy of Bosnia Herzegovina will not be investing in a country that still has ethnic discord with potential unrest as a result.
		In the case of Croatian radio and television, which broadcasts from transmitters in Bosnia as well, there were some rather serious violations of the rules, and as a result we had to eliminate some candidates from the candidate list of the Croatian Democratic Union.
		Q: Also at yesterday's press conference at the OSCE in Sarajevo, during the election dates, there were 16,000 crossovers of citizens of Bosnia between the entity lines, and also we have assured license plates being given to the different entities.
	www.nyu.edu /globalbeat/balkan/barry091498.html (6615 words)

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