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Topic: Entorhinal cortex

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Dentate gyrus

Hippocampus

Piriform cortex

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	Stimulation of the Parasubiculum Modulates Entorhinal Cortex Responses to Piriform Cortex Inputs In Vivo -- Caruana ...
		of inputs to the entorhinal cortex from the piriform cortex
		Cortical afferents of the perirhinal, postrhinal and entorhinal cortices of the rat.
		NR2B-containing NMDA autoreceptors at synapses on entorhinal cortical neurons.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/92/2/1226 (6613 words)

	Quantitative MRI of the entorhinal cortex in temporal lobe epilepsy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Quantitative MRI of the entorhinal cortex in temporal lobe epilepsy
		The entorhinal cortex (Brodmann's area 28) is located at the anterior aspect of the parahippocampal gyrus ventral to the amygdala and the hippocampus.
		The volume of the entorhinal cortex was measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 36 patients with cryptogenic TLE and in 21 controls.
	www.uku.fi /neuro/ab0016.htm (165 words)

	Entorhinal cortex - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The entorhinal cortex (EC) is an important memory center in the brain.
		In the eyeblink reflex, the association of impulses from the eye and the ear occurs in the entorhinal cortex.
		EC as a whole, therefore, receives highly processed input from every sensory modality, as well as input relating to ongoing cognitive processes, though it should be stressed that, within EC, this information remains at least partially segregated.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Entorhinal_cortex (276 words)

	The Human Entorhinal Cortex - Anatomic Organization and Its Alteration in Alzheimer’s Disease and Temporal Lobe ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The entorhinal cortex extends from approximately 5 mm rostral to the beginning of the amygdala and caudally it extends to the mid-levels of the hippocampus.
		The axons of neurons in layer II of the entorhinal cortex reach the dendrites of granule cells in the outer portion of the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus.
		Thus, the perirhinal cortex (responsible for quality of visual stimuli) and parahippocampal cortex (responsible for stimulus location) are at the one end of a chain of feedforward projections from the unimodal and polymodal cortical areas to the entorhinal cortex (Suzuki and Amaral 1994a).
	www.uku.fi /laitokset/neuro/50the.htm (16378 words)

	MRI measures of entorhinal cortex vs hippocampus in preclinical AD. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		However, the volume of the entorhinal cortex differentiated the subjects from those destined to develop dementia with considerable accuracy (84%), whereas the measure of the hippocampus did not.
		Comparative aspects of the olfactory portion of the entorhinal cortex and its projection to the hippocampus in rodents, nonhuman primates, and the human brain.
		Neuritic pathology is lacking in the entorhinal cortex, subiculum and hippocampus in middle-aged adults with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or unipolar depression.
	www.accelerated-learning-online.com /research/mri-measures-entorhinal-cortex-vs-hippocampus-preclinical-ad.asp (572 words)

	Progressive Unilateral Damage of the Entorhinal Cortex Enhances Synaptic Efficacy of the Crossed Entorhinal Afferent to ...
		Steward O, Cotman CW, Lynch GS (1973) Re-establishment of electrophysiologically functional entorhinal cortical input to the dentate gyrus deafferented by ipsilateral entorhinal lesions: innervation by the contralateral entorhinal cortex.
		White WF, Goldowitz D, Lynch G, Cotman CW (1976) Electrophysiological analysis of the projection from the contralateral entorhinal cortex to the dentate gyrus in normal rats.
		Wyss JM (1981) An autoradiographic study of the efferent connections of the entorhinal cortex in the rat.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/19/22/RC42 (3713 words)

	APStracts 10:0117J, 2003. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The neural pathway from the perirhinal cortex to the entorhinal cortex is considered one of the main paths into the entorhinal-hippocampal network, which has a crucial role in memory processes.
		To investigate the potential associative function of the perirhinal cortex with respect to sensory and motivational stimuli and the influence of the association on the perirhinal/entorhinal/hippocampal neurocircuit, we prepared rat brain slices including the perirhinal cortex, entorhinal cortex, hippocampal formation, and amygdala.
		We observed that single stimulation of either the perirhinal cortex or amygdala did not result in sufficient neural activation of the deep layers of areas 35 to provoke activity propagation into the entorhinal cortex.
	www.uth.tmc.edu /apstracts/2003/jn/May/117j.html (301 words)

	Low Levels of Estrogen Significantly Diminish Axonal Sprouting after Entorhinal Cortex Lesions in the Mouse -- Kadish ...
		The entorhinal cortex was unilaterally lesioned with ibotenic
		C, Cortex of the mouse indicating the position of the hippocampus, with the shaded areas demonstrating the area involved in degeneration and regeneration; the striped area indicates the noninvolved part of the hippocampus.
		A, Contralateral to the entorhinal cortex lesion; B, ipsilateral to the entorhinal cortex lesion.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/22/10/4095 (5649 words)

	Converging Inputs to the Entorhinal Cortex From the Piriform Cortex and Medial Septum: Facilitation and Current Source ...
		Converging inputs to the entorhinal cortex from the piriform cortex and medial
		from the piriform cortex and modulatory inputs from the medial
		from the piriform cortex and medial septum to the entorhinal cortex.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/78/5/2602 (483 words)

	NDL - Response Dynamics in the Entorhinal Cortex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		NDL - Response Dynamics in the Entorhinal Cortex
		Burton BG and White JA (2003) The role of cellular memory in the function of stellate cells in the rat entorhinal cortex.
		Haas JS and White JA (2002) Frequency selectivity of layer II stellate cells in the medial entorhinal cortex.
	www.bu.edu /ndl/ent.html (406 words)

	Brain Scans Detect Earliest Stages Of Alzheimer's Disease
		"The entorhinal cortex is the gateway to the hippocampus and is central to all memory functions in the brain," explains Dr. de Leon.
		The landmark-measurement technique revealed that the entorhinal cortex was reduced by 45% among Alzheimer's patients.
		Moreover, the damage to the entorhinal cortex was greater than to the hippocampus and it proved a more reliable disease marker.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-01/NYUM-BSDE-010199.php (684 words)

	Comparative MR Analysis of the Entorhinal Cortex and Hippocampus in Diagnosing Alzheimer Disease -- Juottonen et al. 20 ...
		volumetry of the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex to distinguish
		cortex and the hippocampus in patients with Alzheimer disease.
		Magnetic resonance imaging of the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/full/20/1/139 (3797 words)

	Hemispheric asymmetry, modular variability and age-related changes in the human entorhinal cortex. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In addition, clusters of small, undifferentiated layer II neurons ('heterotopias') were frequently observed in the rostral part of the entorhinal cortex in young and elderly adults.
		Layer II entorhinal neurons are among the first to show neurofibrillary changes during normal aging.
		Due to the dependence of hippocampal formation on entorhinal projections, this finding is also consistent with the greater capacity of the left hippocampus for verbal episodic memory.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_15652989.html (292 words)

	Directory of open access journals
		Lesions of the entorhinal cortex produce retrograde memory impairment in both animals and humans.
		Here we report the effects of bilateral entorhinal cortex lesions caused by the stereotaxic infusion of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) in rats at two different moments, before or after the training session, on memory of different tasks: two-way shuttle avoidance, inhibitory avoidance and habituation to an open field.
		Pre- or post-training entorhinal cortex lesions caused an impairment of performance in the shuttle avoidance task, which agrees with the previously described role of this area in the processing of memories acquired in successive sessions.
	www.doaj.org /abstract?id=24165&toc=y (163 words)

	Stereologic evidence for persistence of viable neurons in layer II of the entorhinal cortex and the CA1 field in ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Stereologic evidence for persistence of viable neurons in layer II of the entorhinal cortex and the CA1 field in Alzheimer disease.
		The entorhinal cortex and hippocampus are the first cortical regions to be affected by the degenerative cellular process that leads to Alzheimer disease (AD) and display a limited degree of neuronal alterations in normal aging.
		Here, we performed a stereologic assessment of the proportions of intracellular and extracellular (ghost) NFTs (iNFTs and eNFTs, respectively) and unaffected neurons in layer II of the entorhinal cortex and in the pyramidal cell layer of the CA1 field of the hippocampus in elderly control cases compared to cases with varying degrees of cognitive dysfunction.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_12528818.html (328 words)

	Mark Stewart
		The entorhinal cortex is nearest the neocortex in its structure and the subiculum is nearest the structure of Ammon's horn.
		The entorhinal cortex is the principal cortical input to the hippocampus.
		Subiculum projects into the deep layers of entorhinal cortex and ascending projections from deep cells onto superficial layer cells in entorhinal cortex complete one circuit.
	www.downstate.edu /pharmacology/stewart.htm (649 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Dickson C.T. and Alonso A. Muscarinic induction of synchronous population activity in the entorhinal cortex.
		Dickson C.T., Mena A.R., and Alonso A. Electroresponsiveness of medial entorhinal cortex layer III neurons in vitro.
		Dickson C.T., Kirk I.J., Oddie S.D., and Bland B.H. (1995) Classification of theta-related cells in the entorhinal cortex: Cell discharges are controlled by the ascending brainstem syncrhonizing pathway in parallel with hippocampal theta-related cells.
	www.psych.ualberta.ca /~cdickson/Selectedpub.htm (227 words)

	Major decrease in the volume of the entorhinal cortex in patients with Alzheimer's disease carrying the apolipoprotein ...
		Major decrease in the volume of the entorhinal cortex in patients with Alzheimer's disease carrying the apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele -- Juottonen et al.
		Major decrease in the volume of the entorhinal cortex in patients with Alzheimer's disease carrying the apolipoprotein E
		the entorhinal cortex is defined by the perirhinal cortex.
	www.jnnp.com /cgi/content/full/65/3/322 (4125 words)

	Increasing Acetylcholine Levels in the Hippocampus or Entorhinal Cortex Reverses the Impairing Effects of Septal GABA ...
		A study of the reciprocal connections between the septum and the entorhinal area using anterograde and retrograde axonal transport methods in the rat brain.
		Interhemispheric pathways of the hippocampal formation, presubiculum, and entorhinal and posterior parahippocampal cortices in the rhesus monkey: The structure and organization of the hippocampal commissures.
		Late post-learning effect of entorhinal cortex electrical stimulation persists despite destruction of the perforant path.
	www.learnmem.org /cgi/content/full/7/5/293 (5624 words)

	Delusions Linked to Brain Region, But Why? -- Arehart-Treichel 39 (19): 21 -- Psychiatric News
		The entorhinal cortex functions as a relay station between the
		The left entorhinal cortex was about 10 percent smaller in the
		cortexes were still not as large as those of the mentally healthy
	pn.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/full/39/19/21?maxtoshow=&... (662 words)

	Stimulation of the Parasubiculum Modulates Entorhinal Cortex Responses to Piriform Cortex Inputs In Vivo -- Caruana and ...
		Stimulation of the Parasubiculum Modulates Entorhinal Cortex Responses to Piriform Cortex Inputs In Vivo -- Caruana and Chapman 92 (2): 1226 -- Journal of Neurophysiology
		the subiculum to the deep layers of the entorhinal cortex, the
		increasing the responsiveness of the entorhinal cortex to appropriately
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/92/2/1226 (363 words)

	Entorhinal cortex atrophy in epilepsy patients exhibiting normal hippocampal volumes -- Bernasconi et al. 56 (10): 1335 ...
		Entorhinal cortex atrophy in epilepsy patients exhibiting normal hippocampal volumes -- Bernasconi et al.
		Entorhinal cortex atrophy in epilepsy patients exhibiting normal hippocampal volumes
		entorhinal cortex in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
	www.neurology.org /cgi/content/abstract/56/10/1335 (573 words)

	Midline Thalamic Region: Widespread Excitatory Input to the Entorhinal Cortex and Amygdala -- Zhang and Bertram 22 (8): ...
		Midline Thalamic Region: Widespread Excitatory Input to the Entorhinal Cortex and Amygdala -- Zhang and Bertram 22 (8): 3277 -- Journal of Neuroscience
		Midline Thalamic Region: Widespread Excitatory Input to the Entorhinal Cortex and Amygdala
		entorhinal cortex and the amygdala with a distribution of responses
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/abstract/22/8/3277 (422 words)

	Layton Center: Neuroimaging: Entorhinal Cortex Analysis
		The entorhinal cortex, shown below in red, is the layer of grey matter tissue on a specific subregion of the parahippocampal gyrus of the temporal lobe.
		Our tracing method measures the bilateral entorhinal cortex volumes using standard T2 images and atlas-based boundaries.
		Our results suggest that the entorhinal cortex volume has greater variability (see graph below) than the hippocampal body volume and therefore is not as powerful for detecting dementia as the hippocampus.
	www.ohsu.edu /alzheimers/vol_entorhinal.htm (73 words)

	From healthy aging to early Alzheimer's disease: in vivo detection of entorhinal cortex atrophy. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		From healthy aging to early Alzheimer's disease: in vivo detection of entorhinal cortex atrophy.
		Using quantitative structural MRI protocols, we examined the effects of age on alterations in entorhinal cortex (EC) volume.
		In an attempt to determine the earliest sites of involvement in mild and incipient Alzheimer's disease (AD), we compared entorhinal and hippocampal volume in (1) healthy elderly controls, (2) patients with very mild AD, and (3) elderly patients who were evaluated for cognitive complaints, but did not meet criteria for dementia.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_10911878.html (248 words)

	Distribution of calretinin-immunoreactivity in the rat entorhinal cortex: coexistence with GABA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Inhibitory neurons in the entorhinal cortex control information flow between the cortical areas and the hippocampus.
		We characterized the inhibitory circuits in the rat entorhinal cortex by analyzing the distribution of calretinin-immunoreactivity and its colocalization with glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
		The distribution patterns of calretinin-immunoreactivity in the entorhinal cortex is consistent with the partitioning of the rat entorhinal cortex into six subfields.
	www.uku.fi /neuro/ab9768.htm (265 words)

	Molecular Mechanisms Contributing to Long-Lasting Synaptic Plasticity at the Temporoammonic-CA1 Synapse -- Remondes and ...
		Steward, O. Topographic organization of the projections from the entorhinal area to the hippocampal formation of the rat.
		Steward, O. and Scoville, S.A. Cells of origin of entorhinal cortical afferents to the hippocampus and fascia dentata of the rat.
		Yeckel, M.F. and Berger, T.W. Feedforward excitation of the hippocampus by afferents from the entorhinal cortex: Redefinition of the role of the trisynaptic pathway.
	www.learnmem.org /cgi/content/full/10/4/247 (3454 words)

	Dementia Tumor
		Entorhinal Metabolism as a Predictor of MCI or AD From: DeLeon et al.
		Illustration of the location of the entorhinal region from Killiany R et al.
		The entorhinal cortex was the only region explored that at baseline had lower metabolism in the subjects who declined.
	www.unav.es /neurologia/WFNni/dementia_entor_pet.htm (117 words)

	The Entorhinal Cortex in First-Episode Psychotic Disorders: A Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study -- Prasad et ...
		The Entorhinal Cortex in First-Episode Psychotic Disorders: A Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study -- Prasad et al.
		The Entorhinal Cortex in First-Episode Psychotic Disorders: A Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
		The mean entorhinal cortex volume of patients with nondelusional
	ajp.psychiatryonline.org /cgi/content/abstract/161/9/1612 (309 words)

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