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Topic: Enucleation

In the News (Thu 16 Feb 12)

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		The histopathological diagnoses after enucleation included uveal melanoma in 28 patients, retinoblastoma in 11 patients, phthisis bulbi in 23 patients, neovascular glaucoma in 5 patients, endophthalmitis in 3 patients, ruptured traumatic globe in 2 patients, microphthalmos in two patients, and medulloepithelioma in one patient.
		The presence of fibrovascular tissue at the equator was associated in all cases with enhancing zones at the anterior portion of the implant.
		Enucleation was performed in standard fashion with implantation of a conical porous polyethylene orbital implant.
	www.porexsurgical.com /english/surgical/slitenuc.asp (7326 words)

	Encyclopedia - Enucleation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Enucleation is typically performed to eliminate a life-threatening tumor within the eye, alleviate pain in a blind eye, or remove an eye severely traumatized by infection or injury.
		Enucleation is a relatively simple operation that is normally performed under general anesthesia and takes about one to two hours.
		Enucleation is a traumatic procedure for most patients, and feelings of shock, depression, and concern about appearance are natural reactions to having an eye removed.
	www.visionrx.com /library/enc/enc_enucleation.asp?print=1 (425 words)

	COMS - About Choroidal Melanoma (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		For enucleation surgery, the patient is admitted to the hospital and the eye is removed under either local or general anesthesia.
		Several years ago a suggestion was made that enucleation surgery might promote spread of tumor cells into the bloodstream during the operation and thereby lead to a reduced lifespan for the patient.
		It is important to know that enucleation surgery for melanoma, like all cancer surgery, is performed in a way to minimize the possibility of spreading the cancer during the operation.
	www.jhu.edu /wctb/coms/booklet/book2.htm (2045 words)

	Choroidal Melanoma - Enucleation or Observation? A New Approach.
		Early enucleation, especially of small melanomas, is obligatory, because it prevents (further) dissemination of tumor cells.
		New techniques for enucleation designed to prevent the dissemination of tumor cells must be developed and tested to enable the ophthalmic surgeon to remove safely the tumor-containing eye that has developed such complications as uncontrollable glaucoma, panophthalmitis or proptosis from extraocular extension.
		The apparent close relationship in time between the time of enucleation and the time of diagnosis of metastases, with its main peak after two to four years, is actually a close relationship in time between the time of diagnosis of the primary tumor and the time of diagnosis of its metastases.
	www.turbogo.com /manschot/1980.html (4860 words)

	[No title]
		The veteran's enucleation of the left eye is primarily manifested by complaints of pain in the left eye socket, and there is decreased right eye visual acuity, and frontal headaches.
		As indicated above, the veteran contends his enucleation of the left eye is of such severity as to warrant an evaluation in excess of 40 percent.
		The severity of enucleation of the left eye is determined, for VA rating purposes, by application of the provisions of Parts 3 and 4 of the Code of Federal Regulations, and in particular 38 C.F.R. §§ 4.75, 4.84a (1993) and Diagnostic Code 6066 of the VA's Schedule for Rating Disabilities, 38 C.F.R. Part 4 (1993).
	www.va.gov /vetapp/files3/9423168.txt (1530 words)

	Enucleation, blindness, enucleation, hydroxyapatite,
		The unaffected eye is examined with the biomicroscope, visual acuity is measured, eye movement is evaluated and the posterior segment of the eye examined.
		Once the swelling in the conjunctiva has subsided in 6 to 8 weeks, patients are asked to see an ocularist for final fitting of their ocular prosthetic ("glass eye").
		Enucleation surgery is very safe and only rarely do patients experience significant complications.
	www.texaseyeplastics.com /enucleation.htm (515 words)

	The risk of enucleation after proton beam irradiation of uveal melanoma (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Enucleation after proton beam irradiation of uveal melanomas occurred in 64 (6.4%) of 994 eyes with a median follow-up time of 2.7 years.
		Three percent of eyes were enucleated during posttreatment year 1, and the yearly rate was 1% by the fourth year.
		The leading risk factors for enucleation were anterior tumor margin involving the ciliary body, tumor height greater than 8 mm, and proximity of the tumor to the fovea.
	www.meb.uni-bonn.de /cgi-bin/mycite?ExtRef=MEDL/89385516 (225 words)

	A reliable, noninvasive technique for spindle imaging and enucleation of mammalian oocytes - Nature Biotechnology
		Enucleation of recipient oocytes is a critical step in cloning procedures and typically is performed by aspirating a portion of the cytoplasm underlying the first polar body.
		The use of the Pol-Scope for spindle imaging, spindle removal-directed enucleation, and reconstitution of metaphase II oocytes.
		Pol-Scope imaging of metaphase II spindles (indicated by arrowheads) of a bovine oocyte (A) free of zona pellucida and (B) with zona pellucida intact.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nbt/journal/v18/n2/full/nbt0200_223.html (2168 words)

	Evisceration, enucleation, and exenteration: outline for medical students and primary care physicians
		by Wadih Zein, M.D. Evisceration, Enucleation, and Exenteration are the three main surgical techniques by which all or part of the orbital contents are removed.
		Evisceration is usually indicated in cases of endophthalmitis unresponsive to antibiotics and for improvement of cosmesis in a blind eye.
		Enucleation is indicated for the above two conditions as well as for painful eyes with no useful vision, malignant intraocular tumors, in ocular trauma to avoid sympathetic ophthalmia in the second eye, in phthisis with degeneration, and in congenital anophthalmia or severe microphthalmia to enhance development of the bony orbit.
	www.eyeweb.org /evisceration.htm (208 words)

	Removal of the Eye, Enucleation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Enucleation is not a specialist procedure and can be performed by your own vet, or by the ophthalmologist.
		A general anaesthetic is required and the animal may be treated as a day patient or kept in the hospital overnight.
		The eye should be sent to a pathologist, a type of biopsy, to confirm the diagnosis and also to ensure that there are no implications for the second eye.
	www.vetspecialists.co.uk /06_Animal_Welfare/Eye_Removal.html (512 words)

	Is irradiation a justifiable treatment of choroidal melanoma? Analysis of published results
		that enucleation is responsible for deaths from metastases.
		It is relevant at this point to discuss the survival data obtained from patients treated by enucleation and the survival data obtained after treatment by irradiation.
		Survival figures for 27 patients treated by enucleation between June 1967 and June 1976 were compared with those of 21 patients who had been treated with cobalt-60 episcleral plaques in the same period.
	www.turbogo.com /manschot/1987.html (2844 words)

	PetPlace.com - Enucleation: Removal of an Eye (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Enucleation is also reserved as a last option to alleviate the pain of any eye, especially if it is blind and of no use to the animal.
		With the advances that have taken place over the last 20 years in veterinary ophthalmology, it is now possible to treat successfully many eye diseases that were not treatable before, and in many cases to save the animal’s vision.
		Animals with one eye enucleated do not seem to be handicapped with respect to their vision, their mobility, or their ability to function.
	www.petplace.com /articles/artShow.asp?artID=2730 (546 words)

	Wills Eye Hospital - Enucleation - Excellence in Eye Care
		Enucleation refers to the surgical removal of an eye.
		Enucleation is usually performed under general anesthesia, although it can be done under local anesthesia by numbing the entire eye and socket tissues prior to the surgery.
		Following enucleation, the eye is replaced with an orbital implant to fill the empty socket.
	www.atwills.com /patients/topics/oculoplastics/enucleation (818 words)

	Enucleation
		The enucleation procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia, although it is possible to perform the operation under the effects of a local anesthetic by numbing the entire eye and socket tissues prior to surgery.
		At the conclusion of the enucleation procedure, a pressure patch is applied over the eyelids.
		An ocular prosthesis is an artificial eye that may be placed in the eye socket after the enucleation procedure.
	www.steen-hall.com /enuc.html (429 words)

	Surgeons: Surgical Technique: Contraindications
		An enucleation is most classically contraindicated after the onset of sympathetic ophthalmia (Nunery 1990), and in cases of virulent endophthalmitis (Nunery 1990, Meltzer 1987).
		An enucleation is also contraindicated in cases where it can be expected that the patient will experience increased psychological trauma from the thought of losing the "entire eye".
		Finally, an enucleation is relatively contraindicated in cases where excessive hemorrhaging is expected.
	www.ioi.com /surgeon/tech/contra.html (284 words)

	Cancer Spectrum: Medline Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Seventeen of the enucleations were done within 1 year, 30 within 2 years, and 55 within 5 years.
		The enucleated eyes had been treated with a cobalt-60 plaque in 39 cases, a ruthenium-106 plaque in 13 cases, an iodine-125 plaque in four cases, and an iridium-192 plaque in three cases.
		The primary reasons for enucleation included tumor regrowth in 30 cases (51%), neovascular glaucoma in 18 (31%), patient request in five (8%), scleral melting in four (7%), painful bullous keratopathy in one (2%), and hemolytic glaucoma in one (2%).
	jncicancerspectrum.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/medline/pmid;2740084 (340 words)

	Neonatal monocular enucleation-induced cross-modal effects observed in the cortex of adult rat. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The cortices of neonatally enucleated rats were explored for somatosensory responses with special reference to an extension into the occipital cortex.
		The animals were raised and from the age of three months the activity evoked by either electric stimulation of the vibrissa pad or bending of the vibrissae was tested in the contralateral cortex by electric recording and autoradiography.
		It was found that early enucleation caused an expansion of the somatosensory responses, among others into the visual area.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_7816193.html (162 words)

	Cytoskeletal distribution and function during the maturation and enucleation of mammalian erythroblasts. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		FVA cells are capable of enucleating in suspension culture in vitro, indicating that associations with an extracellular matrix or accessory cells are not required for enucleation to occur.
		The morphology of FVA cells undergoing enucleation is nearly identical to erythroblasts enucleating in vivo.
		In contrast, cytochalasin D caused a complete inhibition of enucleation that could be reversed by washing out the cytochalasin D. These results demonstrate that F-actin plays a role in enucleation while the complete absence of microtubules or excessive numbers of polymerized microtubules do not affect enucleation.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_2574178.html (360 words)

	World Journal of Surgical Oncology \| Full text \| Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP): A Technical Update
		The left lateral side of the 5 o'clock groove (or 6 o'clock groove in cases where the median lobe did not require enucleation) is undermined, beginning at the bladder neck level and progressing distally.
		As a option to morcellation, other investigators have described a modified tissue retrieval technique where an enucleated prostate lobe is initially left attached at the bladder neck by a small pedicle[24] A TUR electrocautery loop is subsequently utilized to resect the lobe into pieces retrievable with an evacuator.
		Although enucleation of prostate adenoma can be performed by a variety of energy sources, only the holmium laser possesses the ideal combination of cutting and coagulation.
	www.wjso.com /content/1/1/6 (5333 words)

	Cysts, OS, Dr. Maharaj
		Enucleation -, the total removal of the cystic lining without removal of associated structures (bone).
		Differs from decompression in that, the entire roof of the cyst is removed and the cystic lining made continuous with the tissue of the surrounding structures.
		Enucleation with open packing ; Used for large cysts and when there is a likelyhood of dehiscence of the soft tissue margins.
	www.drstoute.com /hucd2002/_surgery_disc1/00000023.htm (1415 words)

	Dynamic Imaging of the Metaphase II Spindle and Maternal Chromosomesin Bovine Oocytes: Implications for Enucleation ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		the karyoplast in the enucleation pipette was expelled and the
		The second metaphase spindle (arrows) is removed by aspiration into an enucleation pipette 15 min after microinjection of rhodamin-tubulin while continuously illuminated (red is tubulin).
		Telophase enucleation: an improved method to prepare recipient cytoplasts for use in bovine nuclear transfer.
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/62/1/150 (2866 words)

	TRANSHIATAL ENUCLEATION OF ESOPHAGEAL LEIOMYOMA
		We report a case of esophageal leiomyoma in the thoracic esophagus that was successfully enucleated via a transhiatal approach.
		A 63-year-old female patient was referred to the Department of Surgery for further evaluation as a case of esophageal tumor.
		successfully enucleated a leiomyoma of the lower third of the esophagus through a transhiatal approach.
	www.kfshrc.edu.sa /annals/201/99-155.htm (793 words)

	Enucleation and evisceration
		Evisceration and enucleation each have their own benefits and the decision to which procedure is best for the patient needs to be individually tailored.
		Enucleation involves the removal of the entire globe with preservation of the eye muscles.These muscles can be placed around an orbital implant to provide for movement of the prosthetic eye.
		Approximately six weeks after either enucleation or evisceration an ocularist will make an impression of the patients socket and create an ocular prosthesis or artificial eye.
	www.eyeinstitute.net /subfiles/deptoph/remeye.htm (934 words)

	National Cancer Institute - Retinoblastoma Treatment
		Enucleation, if the tumor is massive or if there is little expectation for useful vision.
		The standard of care in the past has been to enucleate the more involved eye; however, if there is potential for vision in both eyes, bilateral irradiation or chemoreduction with close follow-up for response and focal treatment (e.g., cryotherapy or laser therapy) is indicated.
		A number of large centers in Europe and North America have published trial results using systemic chemotherapy for patients whose intraocular tumors are not initially amenable to local management.[2,7,11,12,14,17,18,24-29] Examples of such tumors are those that are too large to be treated with either cryotherapy, laser photocoagulation, or plaque radiation therapy (brachytherapy).
	www.nci.nih.gov /templates/doc.aspx?viewid=53e605da-ae32-4558-ba1e-898aab7b0255&version=1§ionID=56 (2066 words)

	AACR: Children With Retinoblastoma Relapse May Avoid Irradiation or Enucleation by Salvage Therapy Combined With ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Five of the children failed to respond to treatment with chemotherapy and 7 failed to respond to both chemotherapy and radiation with the addition of cyclosporine to carboplatin/teniposide/vincristine chemotherapy, and focal cryo/laser salvage therapy.
		In addition, Dr. Chan noted that the 2 children with short follow-up have shown positive initial responses with a ninth child that failed combined salvage therapy subsequently responding to radiation and retaining vision in the remaining eye.
		However, enucleation of the last eye was required for the remaining 3 patients who failed combined salvage therapy.
	www.docguide.com /dg.nsf/PrintPrint/96517DBDF86419DD85256E6A00537E6D (482 words)

	Uveal Melanoma Patients: Currents: UI Health Care
		However, in the 1970s, suspicions were raised as to whether enucleation caused dissemination of the tumor and thus actually increased the risk of death.
		The decision was even more difficult because some eyes that were enucleated for presumed melanoma were shown by pathology to have benign melanoma-simulating lesions, such as choroid hemangiomas or nevi.
		A total of 364 patients had died: 188 of 660 (28%) in the enucleation arm and 176 of 657 (27%) in the brachytherapy arm.
	www.uihealthcare.com /news/currents/vol3issue1/06uvealmelanoma.html (1417 words)

	ENUCLEATION WITH AND WITHOUT ORBITAL IMPLANT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Background: According to the literatur volume substitution of the orbit after enucleation is essential.
		Material and methods: Within the last 5 years at the University clinic Graz 50 eyes had to be enucleated (16 due to maligne melanoma, 12 to phtisis, 7 to endophthalmitis, 4 due to neovascular glaucoma and 1 after a perforating injury).
		Discussion: Volume substitution after enucleation resulting in increased motility, a better position of the upper lid and the prosthesis has to be considered as essential and necessary.
	www.dog.org /1999/e-abstract99/350.html (186 words)

	ENDOGYN: enucleation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Information on enucleation - please select patients-info, catalog of operations or special treatment.
		enucleation scientific work: We are known for progressive and the most recent techniques and procedures.
		endoscopical endoscopy enucleation excessive bleeding, excessive menstrual bleeding female incontinence female infertility female sterilisation.
	endogyn.com /endo/enucleation (434 words)

	The Zimmerman-McLean-Foster hypothesis: 25 years later -- Singh et al. 88 (7): 962 -- British Journal of Ophthalmology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Does enucleation of the eye containing a malignant melanoma prevent or accelerate the dissemination of tumour cells.
		Impact of enucleation on survival in posterior uveal melanoma: a reappraisal of the Zimmerman hypothesis.
		Survival following enucleation versus plaque radiotherapy in statistically matched subgroups of patients with choroidal melanomas: results in patients treated between 1980 and 1987.
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/88/7/962 (3195 words)

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