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	Adiabatic lapse rate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The adiabatic lapse rate is the rate of temperature change that occurs in an atmosphere as a function of elevation, assuming that air behaves adiabatically (thermally insulated).
		In general, a lapse rate is the rate at which an atmospheric variable (usually temperature) decreases with altitude.
		Charts of the environmental lapse rate are known as tephigrams.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Adiabatic_lapse_rate (988 words)

	NSDL AVC HOME
		Dry adiabatic lapse rate: It is the rate at which the temperature of a parcel of dry air decreases as the parcel is lifted in the atmosphere.
		Environmental lapse rate: It is the rate of decrease of air temperature with height, usually measured with a radiosonde.
		Moist adiabatic lapse rate: It is the rate at which the temperature of a parcel of saturated air decreases as the parcel is lifted in the atmosphere.
	education.arm.gov /nsdl/Library/glossary.shtml (6556 words)

	AOS 3 Lecture Screens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Given that the dry and moist adiabatic lapse rates are different, it is possible for a parcel in equilibrium to act differently after being disturbed, depending on whether it is unsaturated or saturated.
		If the environmental lapse rate is less than the moist adiabatic lapse rate (and by default, less than the dry rate), the parcel is in stable equilibrium regardless of whether it is saturated or unsaturated (recall the criterion that environmental lapse rate < adiabatic lapse rate for stable conditions).
		If the environmental laspe rate is greater than the dry adiabatic lapse rate (and by default, greater than the moist rate), the parcel in unstable equilibrium regardless of whether is is saturated or unsaturated (recall that environmental lapse rate > adiabatic lapse rate for unstable conditions).
	www.atmos.ucla.edu /AS3/scrns/clouddev/Note09.html (263 words)

	Abiding Dave's Meteorology / Weather Glossary - A - F
		Adiabatic lapse rate - the rate of decrease of temperature experienced by a parcel of air when it is lifted in the atmosphere under the restriction that it cannot exchange heat with its environment.
		Dry adiabatic lapse rate - the rate at which the temperature of a parcel of dry air decreases as the parcel is lifted in the atmosphere.
		Environmental lapse rate - the rate of decrease of air temperature with height, usually measured with a radiosonde.
	www.science501.com /PTWeaGlAF.html (8312 words)

	New Book - Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Dry adiabatic lapse rate: the rate (5.4°F per 1000 ft or 9.8°C per km) at which the temperature of a parcel of dry air decreases as the parcel is lifted, under the assumption that no heat is exchanged with its environment.
		Environmental temperature lapse rate: the rate of decrease of air temperature with height, usually measured with a radiosonde.
		Lapse rate: the rate of decrease of air temperature with increase of elevation.
	www.pnl.gov /atmos_sciences/Cdw/Glossary.html (11111 words)

	esm_aguado_uwac_3\|Cloud Development and Forms\|Quantitative Exercises
		Assume the saturated adiabatic lapse rate is 0.5° C per 100 m and the dry adiabatic lapse rate is 1° C per 100 m unless otherwise noted.
		Given the environmental lapse rate in the previous question, if a parcel of air rises to the lifting condensation level after a 2 km ascent, the temperature of the air parcel compared with its surroundings would be _______.
		If the environmental lapse rate is 2.5° C per 100 meters and the dry adiabatic lapse rate is 1° C per 100 meters, an air parcel at 300 meters would be _____ warmer than the surrounding air.
	wps.prenhall.com /esm_aguado_uwac_3/0,7836,737580-,00.utf8.html (338 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Derivation of Temperature Lapse Rates in Semi-Arid Southeastern Arizona 1635
		Lapse rates were calculated using air temperatures at 2 m collected during 2002 at eighteen locations across southeastern Arizona with elevations ranging between 779 and 2512 m.
		Lapse rates were also derived from radiosonde data collected at 00 and 12 UTC (5 pm and 5 am local time, respectively).
		The lapse rates calculated from radiosonde data are greater than those from the 2 m measurements, presumably because the surface effect have less effect.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=167905&pf=1 (539 words)

	Instability (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate is the rate of temperature change experienced by an air parcel moving vertically relative to the surrounding air (whose temperature profile is shown by the Environmental Lapse Rate).
		The Wet Adiabatic Lapse Rate is the rate of temperature change experienced by a saturated air parcel in which condensation is occurring moving vertically relative to the surrounding air (whose temperature profile is shown by the Environmental Lapse Rate).
		This lapse rate is the dry adiabatic rate modified by the latent heat of condensation.
	tornado.sfsu.edu /geosciences/classes/m356/Instability.html (1668 words)

	OUP Canada: Unit 08
		This rate of temperature decrease with altitude increase is known as a lapse rate.
		The environmental lapse rate (ELR) is the mean lapse rate of the troposphere, and its value is 0.650Â° C/100 m.
		The lapse rate of an air parcel saturated with water vapour in which condensation is occurring; unlike the dry adiabatic lapse rate (DALR) the value of the SALR is variable, depending on the amount of water condensed and latent heat released.
	www.oup.com /ca/he/companion/deblij/st_index/st_guide/unit8 (1014 words)

	Glosario Técnico
		lapse rate (gradiente vertical de temperatura) Adiabatic lapse rate is the rate of temperature change with height of a parcel displaced vertically in the atmosphere adiabatically.
		The adiabatic lapse rate is a decrease of 1C/100 meter rise in elevation.
		UUU unstable (inestable) The environmental lapse rate is greater that the dry adiabatic lapse rate and vertical turbulence is enhanced.
	www.aerocomp.com /spgloss.html (2629 words)

	Biometeorology 2000 Atmospheric Stability
		It is critical to understand the difference between the lapse rates for a rising parcel and those of the surrounding environment.
		In the first example, suppose that the actual lapse rate or rate of temperature change with height in the free atmosphere is exactly equal to the dry adiabatic rate.
		As a result, the rate of condensation becomes smaller as the parcel rises, and the associated latent heat release is reduced.
	psb.usu.edu /courses/bmet2000/stability.html (1998 words)

	GEOG 473: Lesson 18
		Rate near the Earth's surface is usually taken as 9.8 degrees C per kilometer.
		The environmental lapse rate is the rate at which the atmosphere's temperature changes with height.
		A negative lapse rate indicates that the temperature is rising with height.
	www.ccrc.sr.unh.edu /~stm/AS/Teaching/GEOG473/GEOG473_18.html (859 words)

	411C: M5, U3, P4: Conditional Instabilities
		In our previous discussions, to determine stability, we compared the environmental lapse rate to either the dry or the saturated adiabatic lapse rates, whichever was appropriate to the layer in question.
		To determine if the atmosphere is conditionally unstable, we compare the lapse rate of a parcel to the environment as it passes through the LCL.
		The atmosphere is described as conditionally unstable if the environmental lapse rate is less than the dry adiabatic lapse rate beneath the LCL and greater than the saturated adiabatic lapse above the LCL.
	www.shodor.org /os411/courses/411c/module05/unit03/page04.html (451 words)

	Stability & Cloud Development
		When the environmental lapse rate is less than the moist adiabatic rate an air parcel cools more quickly than the surrounding air mass.
		Since the moist adiabatic rate must be less than the environmental lapse rate for stable conditions to exist, a moderate to small environmental lapse rate enhances stability in the atmosphere.
		One is a steep environmental lapse rate resulting from cool air aloft (brought on by cold advection, the environmental lapse rate or both) coupled with warm air at the surface (caused by daytime solar heating, warm advection, or a warm surface).
	imnh.isu.edu /digitalatlas/clima/imaging/clddev.htm (1673 words)

	stability
		By noting the environmental lapse rate and comparing the temperature of a rising parcel to the temperature of the environment at the same level, we can determine whether the atmosphere is absolutely stable, absolutely unstable, or conditionally unstable.
		In each situation, the lapse rate in the layer of air decreases due to the cooling of the bottom or heating of the top of the layer.
		Hence, the condition of conditional instability is whether the air parcel is cooling/heating at the moist adiabatic lapse rate, or the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
	www.meteor.wisc.edu /~aos100-2/stability (2147 words)

	TEMPERATURE PROFILE OF THE TROPOSPHERE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		In the troposphere on any given day, there are various layers between the surface and the tropopause where the lapse rates are far from average (the average environmental lapse rate is near 6.5 degrees C/km).
		A steep lapse rate is indicative of an unstable troposphere.
		In summary, although the average environmental lapse rate is about 6.5 C/km, the lapse rates in the actual troposphere can vary dramatically day to day and day versus night and weather situation to weather situation.
	www.theweatherprediction.com /habyhints/30 (404 words)

	AOS 2 Lecture Screens
		A temperature plot straight up and down means the temperature is the same at every altitude; thus, the (environmental) lapse rate is zero.
		If the temperature decreases with increasing altitude, we have a positive lapse rate; the more this temperature plot leans to the left, the larger the lapse rate (note that the slope of the line is correlated to lapse rate).
		Graphical representations of the relationship between environmental lapse rate and the adiabatic lapse rate, and atmospheric stability.
	www.atmos.ucla.edu /as2/scrns/stability/Note07.html (418 words)

	ARM - About ARM
		The rate at which the temperature of a parcel of dry air decreases as the parcel is lifted in the atmosphere.
		The rate at which light energy in the longwave portion of the spectrum is emitted in a particular direction per unit of projected surface area perpendicular to the direction of radiation.
		The rate at which the temperature of a parcel of saturated air decreases as the parcel is lifted in the atmosphere.
	www.arm.gov /about/glossary.stm (8995 words)

	[No title]
		The dry adiabatic rate is 10o /km, the wet adiabatic rate is 5.0 - 6.0o /km and the dew point rate is 2o /km.
		The environmental rate may be anything (typically 5o to 10o /km) depending on the atmosphere.
		Fcoriolis = 2 m (omega) V sin(angle of lat) Omega is the angular rate of spin V is the speed of the object Geostrophic Wind - winds aloft which results from the action of the PGF and the Coriolis Force.
	www.acs.appstate.edu /dept/physics/courses/Thirdtestreview.txt (878 words)

	Metr 201 (502) Final Exam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Say the atmospheric environmental lapse rate just before sunrise is exactly equal to the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
		If the environmental lapse rate is in between the dry adiabatic and moist adiabatic lapse rates, the atmosphere is conditionally unstable.
		In this case, the environmental lapse rate was initially the same as the dry adiabatic lapse rate.
	www.met.tamu.edu /class/DC201/final_soln.htm (1891 words)

	Geography 103
		C. Environmental lapse rate is between dry and wet adiabatic lapse rate.
		A. Saturated air parcel: Environmental lapse rate equals wet adiabatic lapse rate.
		B. Unsaturated air parcel: Environmental lapse rate equals dry adiabatic lapse rate.
	www.csun.edu /~hcgeg004/5.html (269 words)

	Lecture 15
		In the center of the diagram is the environmental lapse rate (the actual air temperature at various altitudes).
		As before, the environmental lapse rate (the actual atmospheric temperature) is in the middle of the figure.
		Note: T is the environmental temperature; Td is the dewpoint temperature; "isotherms" are the lines of constant temperature; and "isobars" are the horizontal lines of constant pressure.
	lasp.colorado.edu /~atoc1050/lectur15.htm (1429 words)

	Schultz, Schumacher, and Doswell (2000): The Intracacies of Instabilities
		Definitions of conditional instability include both the lapse-rate definition (i.e., the environmental lapse rate lies between the dry- and the moist-adiabatic lapse rates) and the available-energy definition (i.e., a parcel possesses positive buoyant energy; also called latent instability), neither of which can be considered an instability in the classic sense.
		Thus, the ordinary differential equation (1), which is cumbersome to use because the z dependence of the parcel temperature is not explicit, is replaced by (3), which is easier to use because the lapse rates are known quantities.
		In general, (b) is not met either, as the lapse rate of the environmental sounding typically varies with height.
	www.nssl.noaa.gov /~schultz/csi/reply.html (4148 words)

	Stuve diagrams (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		In addition, if the environmental lapse rate (the observed temperature profile) is plotted on the diagram, one can determine the stability or instability of the atmosphere.
		The two fl lines on the diagram show the atmospheric profiles of temperature (i.e., the environmental lapse rate--the line on the right) and dew point (the line on the left), which are measured by radiosondes.
		Stability is evaluated by comparing the environmental lapse rate (the temperature line) with the dry and the saturated adiabatic lapse rates.
	www.geog.umn.edu /faculty/klink/geog1425/labs/stuve.html (715 words)

	Explanation of Atmospheric Stability/Instability - by Steve W. Woodruff
		This rate is constant until the air parcel in ascent becomes saturated (reaches its dew point temperature).
		The saturated adiabatic lapse rate is variable since it largely depends on how much latent heat is made available within the air parcel as its moisture condenses.
		Earlier we learned that ELR is variable from place to place and from time to time depending on conditions, but that it is often defined as cooling with elevation as a result of adiabatic cooling processes.
	www.piercecollege.com /offices/weather/stability.html (2693 words)

	NWS Louisville: Convective Parameters and Indices (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		A steep lapse rate is one in which the environmental temperature decreases rapidly with height.
		The K index is a measure of thunderstorm potential based on the vertical temperature lapse rate, and the amount and vertical extent of low-level moisture in the atmosphere.
		It incorporates moisture and lapse rate (static stability) into one number, which is less vulnerable to observations at individual pressure levels.
	www.crh.noaa.gov /lmk/soo/docu/indices.php (4508 words)

	AtmoSphere - pages/lapseratesalevel.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Essentially, the lapse rate is a measure of how much air decreases in temperature as it rises through the atmosphere.
		The rate at which the parcel cools, the DALR (dry adiabatic lapse rate), stays constant at 9.8 c per 1000m.
		The SALR (saturated adiabatic lapse rate) range from 4 C per 1000m to as high as 9 C per 1000m.
	atschool.eduweb.co.uk /kingworc/departments/geography/nottingham/atmosphere/pages/lapseratesalevel.html (458 words)

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