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	Equal Rights Amendment - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Illinois whose Senate voted to ratify the ERA in May of 1972, with a tally of 30 to 21; and whose House of Representatives voted to ratify the ERA on May 1, 1975, with a tally of 113 to 62; and again on May 21, 2003, with a tally of 76 to 41.
		Missouri whose House of Representatives voted to ratify the ERA on February 7, 1975, with a tally of 82 to 75.
		Nevada whose Assembly voted to ratify the ERA on February 17, 1975, with a tally of 27 to 13; and whose Senate voted to ratify the ERA on February 8, 1977, with a tally of 11 to 10.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Equal_Rights_Amendment (2558 words)

	History
		As supporters of the Equal Rights Amendment between 1972 and 1982 lobbied, marched, rallied, petitioned, picketed, went on hunger strikes, and committed acts of civil disobedience, it is probable that many of them were not aware of their place in the long historical continuum of women’s struggle for constitutional equality in the United States.
		Amendment, which declared, "The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex." It had been 72 years from Seneca Falls to victory, and ironically, the most controversial resolution had been written into law first.
		Amendments: "Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex." But the labor movement was still committed to protective workplace laws, and social conservatives considered equal rights for women a threat to the existing power structure.
	www.equalrightsamendment.org /era.htm (2306 words)

	A Short History of E.R.A. -- September 1986 Phyllis Schlafly Report
		A Short History of E.R.A. The Equal Rights Amendment, a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution, was born in the era of the women's suffrage amendment and first introduced into Congress in 1923.
		ERA would give enormous power to the Federal courts to decide the definitions of the words in ERA, "sex" and "equality of rights." It is irresponsible to leave it to the courts to decide such sensitive, emotional and important issues as whether or not the language applies to abortion or homosexual rights.
		ERA is a statement of public policy that would apply the same rules to sex that we now observe on race, and it is clear that no school that makes any racial distinctions may enjoy tax exemption.
	www.eagleforum.org /psr/1986/sept86/psrsep86.html (3279 words)

	THE EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT: U.S. CIVIL RIGHTS COMMISSION
		For example, laws that give the husband alone the right to recover damages from a third party who negligently injures his spouse, or for the wrongful death or injury of their child, would be extended under the ERA to give the same right to the wife.
		Even where the husband is the "sole provider," the court reasoned that the State's equal rights amendment requires recognition of the contribution of the homemaker wife and concluded that, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, it must be presumed that the property is held jointly.
		The 14th amendment together with the 13th and 15th amendments were added to the Constitution more than a century ago to abolish slavery and extend civil rights to fls at a time when women were denied such basic prerogatives of citizenship as the right to vote, hold property, serve on juries, and practice certain occupations.
	www.gate.net /~liz/suffrage/eracom.htm (11027 words)

	Report on Equal Rights Amendment - LCMS
		The effect of the amendment will be to strike down all measures or provisions which (on presumed grounds that legitimate differences in condition, roles, or functions had prompted their enactment) distinguish between the sexes with a view to protecting, restraining, or providing remedies to one or the other of them.
		It cannot be too strongly emphasized that the ERA contemplates the abolition of all distinctions, however humane their intention and effect, because the amendment proceeds from the assumption that a particular solicitude for women is inherently an insult to their humanity.
		Second, the Equal Rights Amendment embodies the moral and practical judgment that the prohibition against the use of sex as a basis for differential treatment applies to all areas of legal rights.
	www.iclnet.org /pub/resources/text/wittenberg/mosynod/web/eqrights.html (1731 words)

	EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Unless we put into the Constitution the bedrock principle that equality of rights cannot be denied or abridged on account of sex, the political and judicial victories women have achieved with their blood, sweat, and tears for the past two centuries are vulnerable to erosion or reversal at any time now or in the future.
		We need the ERA because until we have it, women will have to continue to fight long, expensive, and difficult political and judicial battles to ensure that their rights are constitutionally equal to the rights automatically granted to males on the basis of sex.
		The legislative history of the ERA shows that its intent is to equalize rights between women and men, not to address issues of discrimination based on sexual orientation.
	www.flnow.org /ERA.htm (4450 words)

	Missouri Right To Life
		The question of ratifying the federal ERA is not merely an exercise in election-year posturing on "equal rights," in which legislators' votes will have no legal effect.
		The federal courts are not especially known for restraint in the interpretation of constitutional amendments, after all, and the "abortion distortion" in federal constitutional law, which is always exercised in favor of abortionists, is generally recognized by legal experts.
		For these reasons, Missouri Right to Life is steadfastly and energetically opposed to ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment, and we urge legislators in the strongest terms to vote against it should it come up for a vote in 2001.
	www.missourilife.org /legislation/era.htm (1425 words)

	the Equal Rights Amendment
		Four members of the Frontiero Court applied strict scrutiny, but other justices rejected that approach, arguing that the pendency of the Equal Rights Amendment was a factor in their decision.
		It being widely assumed that the effect of the ERA would be to compel application of a strict scrutiny test to sex classifications, several Court members suggested the appropriateness of waiting for the constitutional amendment process to work its course.
		Ultimately, the ERA fell three states short of ratification, largely over such concerns as mixed sex bathrooms and women being put in combat positions.
	www.law.umkc.edu /faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/era.htm (684 words)

	4ERA
		The ratification of this amendment, 203 years after it was passed by Congress, set a precedent which, when applied to the Equal Rights Amendment, means that the
		To educate the American public regarding the need for an amendment guaranteeing equality of rights to men and women.
		To dispel the myths surrounding the Equal Rights Amendment.
	www.4era.org (327 words)

	Equal Rights Amendment
		The Equal Rights Amendment, first proposed in 1923, is still not part of the U.S. Constitution.
		It was established in 1982 in response to the expiration of the deadline for ERA ratification.
		Current information about ERA campaigns in the unratified states can be found on the website of the ERA Campaign Network.
	www.equalrightsamendment.org (324 words)

	American Rhetoric: Shirley Chisholm - For the Equal Rights Amendment (Aug 10, 1970)
		It is time we act to assure full equality of opportunity to those citizens who, although in a majority, suffer the restrictions that are commonly imposed on minorities, to women.
		The amendment would be largely self-executing, that is, and Federal or State laws in conflict would be ineffective one year after date of ratification without further action by the Congress or State legislatures.
		The 1964 Civil Rights Act and the 1963 Equal Pay Act are not enough; they are limited in their coverage -- for instance, one excludes teachers, and the other leaves out administrative and professional women.
	www.americanrhetoric.com /speeches/shirleychisholmequalrights.htm (1731 words)

	Equal Rights Amendment Opposition
		Amendment" The U.S. Supreme Court declared that the proposed federal ERA was legally dead in 1982.
		Amendment (ERA) is introduced in Congress by Senator Curtis...
		Amendment (ERA) from its birth in 1923 to its death in 1983, to its afterlife from 1...
	www.futuregate.co.uk /equal_rights_amendment_opposition.html (250 words)

	Equal Rights -- Are Only Men Created Equal? (Morgana's Observatory)
		We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights governments are instituted, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.
		Having deprived her of this first right of a citizen, the elective franchise, thereby leaving her without representation in the halls of legislation, he has oppressed her on all sides.
		After depriving her of all rights as a married woman, if single, and the owner of property, he has taxed her to support a government which recognizes her only when her property can be made profitable to it.
	www.dreamscape.com /morgana/rights.htm (863 words)

	Equal Rights Amendment: Again? Yes -- Wednesday (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Friday, 11.22.20002 -- On Tuesday, a representative of the Equal Rights Amendment movement told the Florida Commission on the Status of Women that they are expecting the ERA to pass in Illinois as soon as next legislative session.
		Thus, the Supreme Court held that ERA was dead whether ERA expired on March 22, 1979 or on June 30, 1982.
		Eagle Forum stopped ERA ratification by arguing that if the ERA were to become law, those who perform abortions would be given a constitutional right to be paid by tax dollars and new homosexual rights would be placed into the Constitution, particularly the right of same-sex couples to get marriage licenses.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/news/830553/posts (4174 words)

	"The Stealth Equal Rights Amendment"
		Excepting the 19th Amendment, which only addressed gender equity in voting rights, there is not now and never was a "gender equity" mandate in the Constitution.
		Of course, the 19th Amendment rendered that part of Section 2 legally moot, but it didn't remove the conclusive historical proof that the 14th Amendment's framers and ratifiers had no intention of including sex as a protected category [5].
		There she was quoted as saying that she still wanted the ERA in the Constitution as "a symbol." However, Justice Ginsberg allowed that it didn't really make much difference.
	www.geocities.com /djconhoo/ERA.html (1679 words)

	Equal Rights Amendment -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		The main underlying principle of the amendment was that gender should not determine the legal rights of men or women, and it was designed to invalidate many state and federal laws that discriminate against women.
		Equal protection is extended when the rules of law are applied equally in all like cases and when persons are exempt from obligations...
		The text of the proposed amendment read, “Equality of rights under the law shall not...
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9311167 (854 words)

	Boston.com / News / Boston Globe / Opinion / Op-ed / Ironies of the equal rights battle
		About 21 years ago, the Equal Rights Amendment crashed against a handful of legislators in North Carolina, Illinois, and Florida.
		If there were an ERA, we would have (1) unisex toilets, (2) women in combat, and (3) gay marriage.
		The only folks carrying the traditional ERA banner in this millennium are the stalwarts who have loyally reintroduced it in Illinois, Florida, and Missouri.
	www.boston.com /news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2003/12/14/ironies_of_the_equal_rights_battle (725 words)

	THE FEMINIST CHRONICLES
		Thirty three percent of respondents picked ERA as their top concern out of 19 possible categories; second choice was women's right to a safe, legal abortion, chosen as top concern by 13% of the respondents.
		ERA was at its highest support level in history, with solid majorities in every population category in the country.
		ERA activists in Illinois, Florida, and Oklahoma were energized by the dedicated campaign work done by Betty Ford, Esther Rolle, and Marlo Thomas.
	www.feminist.org /research/chronicles/fc1981.html (3228 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online: TEXAS EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT
		Despite new statewide support for the amendment and some success in voting opponents out of office in 1962, the organization still encountered staunch arguments from some Texas legislators in the 1963 and 1965 sessions for "protective" legislation for working women.
		The next year, the introduction of the federal equal rights amendment in Congress gave the state measure greater credibility.
		Meanwhile, Congress passed the 1972 Equal Employment Opportunity Act and a federal equal rights amendment, the latter of which was ratified by the Texas legislature in a special session in March 1972.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/TT/mlt2.html (845 words)

	The Supreme Court and Equal Rights
		The Amendment includes the Equal Protection Clause and declares that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are American citizens.
		This was the most far-reaching of the Civil Rights Acts passed from 1957–1968 in outlawing discrimination.
		This is meant to ensure that providing greater opportunities for minorities would not come at the expense of the rights of the majority.
	www.infoplease.com /timelines/equalrights.html (630 words)

	ERA Supporters, Equal Rights Amendment Meetups, events, clubs and groups in your area
		ERA Supporters, Equal Rights Amendment Meetups, events, clubs and groups in your area
		Meet other local people who support the campaign to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA).
		Both women and men are welcome to join in a discussion to learn more about this issue and what is being done to guarantee constitutional equality for women.
	era.meetup.com (67 words)

	The Equal Rights Amendment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Equal Rights Amendment was written in 1921 by suffragist Alice Paul.
		It passed Congress in the above form in 1972, but was not ratified by the necessary thirty-eight states by the July 1982 deadline.
		Men and women shall have equal rights throughout the United States and every place subject to its jurisdiction.
	www.now.org /issues/economic/eratext.html (154 words)

	equal rights amendment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Equality of Rights under the law shall not be
		TheEqual Rights AmendmentEquality of rights under the law shall not be denied or
		Amendment (ERA) was a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution which
	www.osservatorioeni.net /395_equal_rights_amendment.html (267 words)

	Welcome to Ratify Equal Rights Amendment Forida - www.RatifyERAFlorida.net
		The only incontestable right women have in the Constitution is the right to vote.
		The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) did not get the required full 38 ratifications by 1982, so it is not codified in the U.S. Constitution as are race, religion and national origin.
		The ERA is still viable and timely based on the past precedent of an unrelated amendment having been adopted in the Constitution after waiting 203 years, plus other substantive legal arguments.
	www.ratifyeraflorida.net (391 words)

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