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Topic: Eric IX of Sweden

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	Sweden - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sweden itself may be considered in four main physical divisions - the mountains and highland district, covering all Norrland and the western part of Svealand; the lowlands of central Sweden; the so-called Sma.land highlands, in the south and southeast; and the plains of Ska.ne, occupying the extreme southward projection of the peninsula.
		The population of Sweden in 1900 was 5,136,441.
		In Sweden, however, both the Vestgotar and the Upland Sviar were discontented, the former on account of the breaking of the king's promise to Olaf of Norway and the latter on account of the introduction of the new religion, and their passions were further inflamed by the lawman Anund of Skara.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Sweden (17545 words)

	Sweden - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		Eric was allegedly slain by a Danish claimant of his throne while he was attending mass, and he later became the patron saint of Sweden.
		Sweden concluded two treaties, one with Russia in 1809, ceding most of Finland and the Åland Islands, and another with France in 1810, by which a pro-Napoleonic policy was adopted.
		Important domestic events in Sweden were the death in 1950 of Gustav V, the accession of his oldest son as Gustav VI Adolph, the creation of a Social Democratic-Agrarian coalition government in 1951, and the development of strong inflationary pressures in the Swedish economy from 1951 to 1952.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /text_761563138___38/Sweden.html (3227 words)

	Sweden - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sweden falls into two main geographical regions: the north (Norrland), comprising about two thirds of the country, which is mountainous (except for a narrow strip of lowland along the Gulf of Bothnia); and the south (Svealand and Götaland), which is mostly low-lying and where most of the population lives.
		Sweden was a member of the European Free Trade Association from 1960 to 1994; in 1995 it joined the European Union.
		Sweden entered the United Nations in 1946, and Dag Hammarskjöld, a Swedish diplomat, was secretary-general of the organization from 1953 until his death in 1961.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-sweden.html (2407 words)

	Eric IX of Sweden - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Eric IX of Sweden (or Erik the Lawgiver or Erik the Saint.
		Eric is the patron saint of Stockholm and depicted in the city's coat of arms.
		Saint Eric is portrayed in art as a young king being murdered during Mass with the bishop Henry of Uppsala.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eric_IX_of_Sweden (690 words)

	List of Finnish rulers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Finland's nearly 700-year association with the Kingdom of Sweden began in 1154 with the introduction of Christianity by King Eric IX of Sweden (Saint Eric).
		1130-1156 : Sverker I of Sweden (Sverker den ldre) - The House of Sverker
		1156-1160 : Eric the Saint (Erik den helige) - The House of Eric
	www.knowallabout.com /l/li/list_of_finnish_rulers.html (574 words)

	Columbia Encyclopedia- Sweden - AOL Research & Learn
		He was deposed in 1599, and his uncle became regent and then king of Sweden as Charles IX (reigned 1607–11).
		The history of 19th-century Sweden, under Charles XIV (reigned 1818–44), Oscar I (1844–59), Charles XV (1859–72), and Oscar II (1872–1907), was one of progressive liberalization in government and of industrial development.
		Under Gustavus V (reigned 1907–50), Sweden averted involvement in World War I and II, making armed neutrality the basis of its foreign policy, and, except for the early 1920s and early 1930s, enjoyed economic prosperity.
	reference.aol.com /columbia/_a/sweden/20051207140509990002 (2228 words)

	World Homes Network - Sweden
		Sweden in 1611 was lacking in population, internal communications, and material resources, and its geographical position was unfavourable for the expansion of its trade, since its way to the North Sea and the Atlantic was controlled by Denmark.
		Sweden became an important power in Germany, and was recognized as the leader of Protestant Europe, and the greatest power of the north.
		Sweden in World War II Sweden was neutral during World War II, although, when the USSR invaded Finland, Sweden showed its sympathy by opening its frontiers to Finnish refugees and enrolling volunteers to fight for the Finns.
	www.world-homes.net /atlas/europe/Scandanavia/sweden.htm (3226 words)

	Sweden : In Depth : History \| Frommers.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sweden's ties with the Hanseatic ports of Germany grew stronger, and trade with other Baltic ports flourished at the city of Visby on the island of Gotland.
		Sweden's greatest medieval statesman was Birger Jarl, who ruled from 1248 to 1266; during his reign, he abolished serfdom and founded Stockholm.
		Sweden evoked long-lived resentment from its neighbor, Norway, whose cities were leveled by the Nazi troops that had been granted free passage across Swedish territory.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/sweden/0243020044.html (3281 words)

	Sweden
		Charles IX (of Sweden) (1550-1611), king of Sweden (1604-11), the youngest son of King Gustav I Vasa, born in Stockholm.
		Gustav was born in Lindholmen, Sweden to a noble family, and was educated at the University of Uppsala.
		Gustav VI Adolph (1882-1973), king of Sweden (1950-73), son of King Gustav V, born in Stockholm, and educated at the universities of Uppsala and Oslo.
	website.lineone.net /~johnbidmead/sweden.htm (4127 words)

	Swedish royalty
		Eric was killed in an attack by Denmark, initiating an extended series of wars between the two countries.
		Sweden was in fact a small country and did not have the capacity to compete with a huge state like Russia.
		Gustav VI was born in 1882 at Stockholm, Sweden.
	histclo.com /royal/swe/royal-swe.htm (1851 words)

	Swedish Americans
		Sweden felt slighted in the Danish-dominated Union, however, and after a Danish massacre of Swedish nobles in 1520, the Swedes rose against the Danes and, led by King Gustav Vasa, freed themselves from Danish rule in 1523.
		Sweden's age of glory ended with the rise of Russia, which defeated the Swedes in the Northern War (1700-1721).
		The Church of Sweden, the official state church of the country, is a part of the Lutheran family of Protestant Christianity and is by far the largest religious institution in Sweden.
	www.everyculture.com /multi/Sr-Z/Swedish-Americans.html (7488 words)

	Scots in Sweden - Sixteenth Century
		In 1568 Eric XIV was deposed and imprisoned, and the throne occupied by his brother John III.
		For six years Eric XIV had been kept imprisoned by his brother and successor, and the risk of his being liberated by his followers had been a continual and predominant problem for John III.
		The first Stuarts in Sweden were two sons to Johannes Stuart of Ochiltree, who accompanied Mary Queen of Scots to France in 1558, and who served as Colonel under Francis II of France until the latter’s death in 1560, when he returned to Scotland.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/sweden/16-1.htm (3865 words)

	Eric IX - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		ERIC IX [Eric IX] (Eric the Saint), d.
		Soon afterward the people began to revere him as a saint, and c.1290 he became the patron saint of Sweden.
		Australia And The Islands Of The Sea: Chapter IX.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-eric9.html (226 words)

	House of Eric - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The house of St Eric was one of the two noble families, dynasties, which rivalled for the kingship of Sweden between 1150 and 1220.
		The first king of this dynasty was Eric IX of Sweden whom the later world has dubbed as Saint Eric.
		The last king was Eric XI, the Lame and the Stutterer, who died 1250, apparently without children (though some later legends of some German families have attributed one or two daughters to him).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/House_of_Eric (256 words)

	Scots in Sweden - Seventeenth Century - Part 1
		Robert Douglas was born in 1611 at Standingstone, and came to Sweden with an enlisted troop in 1627 with three elder brothers, all of whom died young.
		The former was Major-general and Governor of Northern Sweden.
		The other branch, which started in Sweden with William Clerck, Captain in the Army, would include his son and grandson, both of whom were named Hans, and who were in the Swedish Navy 1632-1679 and 1663-1711 respectively.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/sweden/17-2.htm (3908 words)

	NORDIC SAINTS
		Ansgar, the Apostle of the North was dispatched over a thirty year period between 826-54 by Pope Gregory IV and King Louis the Pious of the Franks to baptize and and civilize the savage Scandinavians whose Viking raids were a cause of constant irritation to Christianity.
		Olaf married the illegitimate daughter of the king of Sweden, but was ultimately succeeded by his own illegitimate son by a servant girl.
		In Sweden Eric IX became king in 1150 and was responsible for the erection of the first cathedral to be built in Sweden, in Uppsala.
	www.nordicway.com /denmark_saints.htm (1164 words)

	FAST-FIN-1 Finnish Institutions Research Papers
		A common belief among Finns is that Finland was joined to Sweden as a consequence of the crusade by Eric IX of Sweden in 1155.
		As Sweden did not comply with the Russian ultimatum, on February 21, 1808, Russian troops crossed the eastern border of Sweden, not far from the present-day border between Russia and Finland, without a declaration of war.
		Sweden abrogated the Gustavian laws (the Form of Government of 1772 and the Act of Union and Security of 1789) soon after Gustav IV Adolf was toppled in 1809.
	www.uta.fi /FAST/FIN/HIST/mv-duchy.html (8674 words)

	Finland.htm
		The Finns were ruled by powerful Kingdoms of Sweden and Russia from the 12th century to 1917 CE.
		Eric IX of Sweden conquered the Finns and brought them under the Swedish rule in the 12th century CE.
		Alexander I of Russia conquered Sweden in 1809 CE and acquired the Finland under the terms of the peace treaty.
	www.worldcoincatalog.com /C2/Finland/Finland.htm (350 words)

	St. Eric IX of Sweden - Catholic Online
		Martyred king of Sweden, the author of the Code of Uppland or King Eric’s Law.
		Eric was slain by Swedish nobles who were allies of Prince Magnus of Denmark.
		Eric was never officially canonized but is patron of Sweden.
	www.catholic.org /saints/saint.php?saint_id=3168 (451 words)

	The Ecole Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Little is known of his life before his friend Nicholas Breakspear appointed him bishop of Sweden in 1152.
		Henry accompanied King Eric IX of Sweden into battle when Eric fought Finnish aggression.
		Henry was murdered in 1156 at Kirkkosaari by a soldier whom he had excommunicated.
	www2.evansville.edu /ECOLEWEB/glossary/henryu.html (118 words)

	Saint Patrick's Church: Saints of May 18
		Eric IX, son of Jedvard of Vastergotland, claimed the throne of Sweden in 1150 through his marriage to Princess Christine and reigned as king for ten years.
		Bishop Saint Henry of Uppsala to remain in Finland to evangelize the natives.
		Saint Eric is portrayed in art as a young king being murdered during Mass with the bishop Henry of Uppsala (Roeder).
	www.saintpatrickdc.org /ss/0518.htm (2356 words)

	Sweden: History
		The founder of the modern Swedish state, Gustavus eliminated the influence of the Hanseatic League in Sweden, strengthened the central authority, made (1544) the kingship hereditary in the
		Charles XI (reigned 1660–97), Sweden became an absolute monarchy, and the great nobles lost their independence.
		(reigned 1907–50), Sweden averted involvement in World War I and II, making armed neutrality the basis of its foreign policy, and, except for the early 1920s and early 1930s, enjoyed economic prosperity.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0861386.html (1294 words)

	Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This was all foreseen in the apostle John’s vision, the expansion of the beast and the harlot who rides it, fornicating with every king and nation on earth.
		In Sweden "saint" Ansgar (also spelled Anskar, c.801-865), the "Apostle of the North" was the first to arrive from Germany, and he employed the official Papal strategy of working with the kings in power to "institute" the "new" religion.
		Sweden’s Eric IX controlled Finland and in 1155 required the Finns to be baptized, but only in 1291, with the appointment of Magnus, the first Finnish bishop, was evangelization completed." (Encyclopedia Britannica, Christianity, Christian Missions, Std.Ver.1999)
	www.destiner.com /destiner_titles_dark_sect07_eu.htm (3457 words)

	Finland - Scandinavian Travel
		The Finns continued to be idolaters—worshiping Ukko, the god of air and thunder; Tapio, the god of forests; Akti, the god of lakes and streams; and Tuoni, the god of fire—till the twelfth century, when Eric IX.
		of Sweden landed on the west coast with an army and with St. Henry, an Englishman, the first bishop and martyr of Finland, and conquered the country, physically and spiritually.
		The Swedes governed Finland as Sweden was governed, and gave the Finns a representation in the Swedish 'Diet.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles14/travel-345.shtml (493 words)

	World history 1200- 1300 AD
		The Swedes had invaded at the request of Pope Gregory IX, who wanted to punish the Orthodox Russians for helping the Finns avoid conversion to Latin Catholicism.
		Turanshah captures Louis IX whom he released only after the payment of a ransom.
		- Eric IX (Jedvardsson) Christian King of Sweden, defeated the Finns.
	www.multied.com /dates/1200ad.html (1363 words)

	Eric - Catholic Online
		Eric IX of Sweden King of Sweden from 1150, Eric did much to aid Christianity in his realm and was responsible for codifying the laws of his kingdom, which became known as King Eric's Law (also the code of Uppland).
		Eric was killed and beheaded near Uppsala by rebelling Swedish nobles in the army of Magnus, son of the King of Denmark, who had invaded his territory, on May 18.
		Though never formally canonized, Eric was long considered the Patron of Sweden.
	www.catholic.org /saints/saint.php?saint_id=439 (449 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Eric of Sweden
		Henry of Sweden; Eric The Lawgiver; Eric IX
		Used his throne to spread the Gospel through his kingdom.
		Built the first large church in Sweden at Old Uppsala.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/sainte29.htm (72 words)

	Ø Wilson's Almanac free daily ezine \| Book of Days \| May 18 \| Kallynteria Greece Bertrand Russell Aimee Semple ...
		In Swedish he is simply known as Erik den helige or Sankt Erik which translates as Erik the Holy and Saint Erik respectively) was a Swedish king between 1150 and 1160.
		Sweden honored him as national (patron) saint, although Pope Alexander III forbade his cult 1172, when his son, king Knut Ericsson quarrelled with the Swedish and Roman church.
		Some of his last actions were plans to set up a war crimes tribunal in Sweden to try American policy-makers from the Johnson Administration.
	www.wilsonsalmanac.com /book/may18.html (2168 words)

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