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	Miranda v. Arizona Court Case \| FlexYourRights.org
		Ernesto Miranda, a rape suspect, was arrested and taken to the police station.
		Miranda appealed his conviction on the grounds that prior to confessing, he had not been informed of his Fifth Amendment right against self incrimination or his Sixth Amendment right to counsel.
		Still, the Miranda warning is frequently misunderstood as encompassing all lawful detentions by police.
	www.flexyourrights.org /miranda_rights_miranda_v_arizona (675 words)

	Background Summary and Questions***, Miranda v. Arizona, Landmark Supreme Court Cases
		Ernesto Miranda was a poor Mexican immigrant living in Phoenix, Arizona, in 1963.
		Miranda was arrested after a crime victim identified him in a police lineup.
		Miranda was charged with rape and kidnapping and interrogated for two hours while in police custody.
	www.landmarkcases.org /miranda/background3.html (672 words)

	Miranda v. Arizona - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1963, Ernesto Miranda (born in Mesa, Arizona in 1941, and living in Phoenix, Arizona with only an elementary school education) was arrested for robbery, kidnapping and rape.
		Miranda was convicted of rape and kidnapping and sentenced to 20 to 30 years on both charges.
		Miranda was undermined by several subsequent decisions which seemed to grant several exceptions to the "Miranda warnings", undermining its claim to be a necessary corollary of the Fifth Amendment.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Miranda_v._Arizona (1600 words)

	miranda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In 1963, Ernesto Miranda was arrested for robbery, kidnapping, and rape.
		The Supreme Court ruled that Miranda was intimidated by the interrogation and that he understood neither his right not to incriminate himself nor his right to have counsel.
		Miranda was retried, and this time the prosecutors did not use the confession but rather made use of witnesses and other evidence.
	www.isd77.k12.mn.us /schools/dakota/csi/miranda.htm (250 words)

	Robbins, Tunkey, Ross, Amsel, Raben, Waxman, & Eiglarsh, P.A.
		On March 13, 1963, Ernesto Miranda, was taken into custody after police suspected him of stealing eight dollars from a Phoenix, Arizona bank employee.
		Illinois (1964), the highest court in the land, in a 5-4 decision, agreed with Miranda?s attorneys, reversing the rape conviction.
		Ernesto Miranda was retried after his conviction was overturned by the Supreme Court.
	www.robbinstunkeyross.com /miranda.php (1057 words)

	ebail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Miranda, who was never offered a lawyer, confessed not only to the $8.00 theft, but also to kidnapping and raping an 18-year-old woman 11 days earlier.
		Ernesto Miranda was given a second trial at which his confession was not presented.
		In 1976, Ernesto Miranda, age 34, was stabbed to death in a fight.
	www.ebail.com /miranda.htm (905 words)

	Business Lawyers Lewis and Roca - Phoenix, Tucson, Las Vegas, Albuquerque, Reno - History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ernesto Miranda was born in Mesa, Arizona in 1941.
		Miranda was convicted of his first serious crime in 1954 and had numerous incarcerations between 1957 and 1961.
		Asked by officers, in her presence, whether this was the victim, Miranda said, "That's the girl." Not surprisingly, the victim stated that the sound of Miranda's voice matched that of the culprit.
	www.lrlaw.com /timeline.shtml (1195 words)

	Miranda Revisited
		Ernesto Miranda was arrested and immediately taken to the city's police station.
		Miranda was a 23-year-old ninth-grade dropout, and a drifter with a criminal record.
		Although Miranda was convicted of kidnapping and rape, the U.S. Supreme Court, led at the time by Chief Justice Earl Warren, overturned Miranda's conviction upon appeal.
	cjcentral.com /miranda (1029 words)

	FBI Publications - Law Enforcement Bulletin - March 1997 issue - Beyond Miranda
		Miranda had a prior arrest record for armed robbery and a juvenile record for, among other things, attempted rape, assault, and burglary.
		The Miranda decision was a departure from the established law in the area of police interrogation.
		In fact, in the Miranda decision, the Supreme Court acknowledged that Ernesto Miranda was not subjected to any coercion that would render his statement involuntary in traditional terms.7 The Miranda requirements apply only when a suspect is both in custody and subjected to interrogation.
	www.fbi.gov /publications/leb/1997/mar976.htm (3644 words)

	Ernesto Miranda - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ernesto Arturo Miranda (March 9, 1941 – January 31, 1976) was a laborer whose conviction on kidnapping, rape, and armed robbery charges based on his confession under police interrogation resulted in the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case (Miranda v.
		Ernesto Arturo Miranda was born in Mesa, Arizona in 1941.
		Miranda began getting in trouble when he was in grade school, shortly after his mother died his father remarried.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ernesto_Miranda (1476 words)

	Miranda: The Story of America’s Right to Remain Silent
		Ernesto Miranda was an uneducated Hispanic man arrested in 1963 in connection with a series of sexual assaults, to which he confessed within hours.
		Miranda’s lawyers, John P. Frank and John F. Flynn, were among the most prominent in the state, and their work soon focused the entire country on the issue of their client’s rights.
		Ten years after the decision in the case that bears his name, Ernesto Miranda was murdered in a knife fight at a Phoenix bar, and his suspected killer was "Mirandized" before confessing to the crime.
	www.uapress.arizona.edu /books/bid1557.htm (358 words)

	You Still Have the Right to Remain Silent, According to the Supreme Court
		In the early 1960s, Ernesto Miranda, suspected of kidnapping, was arrested in his home and taken to police headquarters.
		The Court ruled that Miranda's confession could not be used against him because he had not been told of his constitutional right against self-incrimination under the Fifth Amendment.
		Since the Miranda decision, unless accused persons are informed of their Fifth Amendment right before being questioned, their confessions (or anything else they tell the police) cannot be used against them in a court of law.
	www.njsbf.com /njsbf/student/eagle/spring01-5.cfm (919 words)

	Background Summary and Questions*, Miranda v. Arizona, Landmark Supreme Court Cases
		Ernesto Miranda was a poor Mexican immigrant who lived in Arizona in 1963.
		The police used his confession in the trial and Miranda was convicted of the crime.
		Miranda appealed his case to the highest court in Arizona, called the Supreme Court of Arizona.
	www.landmarkcases.org /miranda/background1.html (343 words)

	The Truth About Taking the Fifth
		Ernesto was taken to a closed room in a local police station and questioned by two police officers.
		Ernesto Miranda was tried for the crime and, based on his confession, found guilty and sentenced to more than 20 years in prison.
		The Supreme Court ruled that Ernesto Miranda's confession could not be used to convict him because he had not been told of his constitutional rights under the Fifth Amendment.
	www.njsbf.com /njsbf/student/billofrights/8.cfm (779 words)

	TAP: Vol 11, Iss. 10. The Assault on Miranda. Alexander Nguyen. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		"Miranda stands out as the single most damaging blow inflicted on law enforcement's ability to fight crime in roughly the last half-century," according to Paul Cassell, a law professor at the University of Utah who has emerged as the leading opponent of the Miranda doctrine.
		The justices decided that Miranda merely helps protect the constitutional right to avoid self-incrimination, but that there is no constitutional right to be informed in a strictly prescribed way of the right to remain silent and to have an attorney present.
		Many police authorities say the Miranda rules are a useful tool in professional police work because they force police and prosecutors to gather scientific and forensic evidence to build a solid case.
	www.prospect.org /print/V11/10/nguyen-a.html (2697 words)

	Ernesto Miranda
		Next, the defense counsel prodded one of the detectives into admitting that Miranda was never given the opportunity to seek advice from and attorney prior to his interrogation.
		Miranda was nevertheless convicted and sentenced to 40-60 years in prison, but he appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court.
		The child's mother, who was Miranda's girlfriend at the time of the attack, came forward, agreeing to testify that after his arrest, Miranda had confessed the rape to her.
	pegasus.cc.ucf.edu /~pyle/pla3013/miranda2.html (381 words)

	Right to Remain Silent, Miranda Rights
		In 1963, Ernesto Miranda, an eighth-grade dropout with a criminal record, had been picked up by Phoenix police and accused of raping and kidnapping a mildly retarded 18-year-old woman.
		After two hours in a police interrogation room Miranda signed a written confession, but he apparently never was told that he had the right to remain silent, to have a lawyer, and to be protected against self-incrimination.
		Miranda died in 1976 at age 34 after being stabbed during an argument in a bar.
	www.hmichaelsteinberg.com /yourmirandarights.htm (675 words)

	MIRANDA VERSUS THE STATE OF ARIZONA. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		However, when Miranda was arrested he was not told his rights that are stated in amendment number five (5).
		On appeal, Miranda’s lawyers pointed out that the police had never told him that he had the right to be represented by a lawyer, and that he could remain silent if he wished to do so.
		As shown in the Miranda case, a person may get away with no punishment, even if the accused confesses to the crime, if the police do not read that person his five rights and privileges that are supposed to ensure the due process of the law stated in Amendment number five in the American constitution.
	www.geocities.com /TimesSquare/1848/miranda.html (1102 words)

	NCPA - Study #218 - Handcuffing the Cops: Miranda's Harmful Effects on Law Enforcement
		In 1963, Ernesto Miranda, 23, who had dropped out of school in the ninth grade and had a prior arrest record, was picked up by Phoenix police as a suspect in the kidnapping and rape of an 18-year-old girl.
		At Miranda's trial, the confession was admitted despite his lawyer's objections, and Miranda was convicted and sentenced to 20 years in prison.
		After Miranda was paroled in 1972, he was in and out of prison before he was stabbed fatally in a bar at the age of 34.
	www.ncpa.org /~ncpa/studies/s218/s218a.html (1513 words)

	Book Review
		On March 13, 1963, Ernesto Arthur Miranda, an uneducated Latino with a rather checkered past, was arrested in connection with a series of crimes committed against women in the Phoenix area, including sexual assault and rape.
		In this latter section, Stuart examines challenges to the Miranda doctrine and explores the ramifications of Miranda in the wake of September 11.
		Perhaps the ultimate irony— aside from the fact that the Miranda case was spawned in what Stuart describes as a “politically conservative, law-and-order state” is that the two suspects in Miranda’s slaying—who were properly Mirand- ized—told their stories, but did not confess to the crime.
	zmagsite.zmag.org /Feb2005/lengeman0205.html (819 words)

	Do Miranda Rights Create a Loophole for Criminals?
		After Miranda was first adopted, the number of voluntary confessions fell dramatically, as did the rate of convictions and crimes solved.
		In 1966, the Supreme Court ruled that Ernesto Miranda's confession in a rape case could not be used against him because police did not tell him his constitutional rights.
		Miranda was re-tried and later convicted based on the testimony of a former girlfriend he had confessed to.
	speakout.com /activism/issue_briefs/1148b-1.html (636 words)

	CNN - "Miranda Rights" background (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Ernesto Miranda, an eighth-grade dropout with a criminal record, was sentenced to 20 years in prison following his 1963 confession in a kidnapping and rape case in Phoenix.
		On appeal, the Supreme Court ruled in 1966 that the confession was inadmissible because it was obtained without consultation with an attorney and without Miranda having been advised of his right to silence.
		Ernesto Miranda served 11 years in prison before his parole in 1972.
	www.cnn.com /US/9902/10/miranda.rights.01/miranda.back/content3.html (104 words)

	Miranda
		Miranda and its progeny have caused an enormous amount of severe emotional distress to the public, the honest and hard working police, victims of crime, survivors of murder victims, and survivors of sex crimes.
		At this time Miranda was 23 years old, indigent, and educated to the extent of completing half the ninth grade.
		Just as rapist Ernesto Miranda was recently laid to rest after being murdered in a bar in Phoenix, Arizona, so let us lay the Miranda warnings to rest, buried in a lost unmarked grave.
	daphne.palomar.edu /wlundstein/Miranda.htm (3258 words)

	All About Your Miranda Rights Civil Rights Laws False Arrest
		Miranda, who was never offered a lawyer, confessed not only to the $8.00 theft, but also to kidnapping and raping an 18-year-old woman 11 days earlier.
		Ernesto Miranda was given a second trial at which his confession was not presented.
		In 1976, Ernesto Miranda, age 34, was stabbed to death in a fight.
	www.bailyes.com /miranda_rights.htm (1035 words)

	Miranda vs. Arizona (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In 1963 a poor Mexican immigrant by the name of Ernesto Miranda was arrested for kidnapping and raping a young woman.
		Although he was found guilty because of his confession, Miranda appealed his case on the fact that he did not know his Fifth Amendment rights.
		Miranda appealed the case on the basis that he made his confession without knowing his Fifth Amendment rights which stated he had a right to a lawyer and to not incriminate himself.
	www.east-buc.k12.ia.us /02_03/AG/mir/kc1.htm (515 words)

	Lesson 5 Criminal Due Process
		Ernesto Miranda was arrested for kidnapping and rape.
		Miranda’s attorney appealed his case all the way to the Supreme Court, contending that the confession was illegally obtained.
		Miranda’s confession was obtained during the daytime, with no signs of any use of force.
	www.maxwell.syr.edu /plegal/Lessons/Dpr/dpr5.html (1567 words)

	Graveside Arizona
		Ernesto Miranda was an eighth grade dropout that managed to leave his mark on virtually every criminal confession since 1966.
		Miranda was arrested for the kidnap and rape of a mildly retarded 18 year old woman.
		Ernesto Miranda's grave (number 1 one the map above) is southeast of the intersection of C and 8th Streets, in block 677, lot 1, space 20.
	www.doney.net /aroundaz/graves.htm (9400 words)

	Mona Charen
		At the end of a two-hour interrogation, Ernesto Miranda orally confessed to the crime, described the rape and signed a statement certifying that the confession was voluntary, that no threats or intimidation had been used, and that he fully understood his rights.
		Miranda appealed his conviction on the grounds that his attorney had not been present during questioning and, accordingly, his confession could not be treated as truly voluntary.
		The Miranda warnings are familiar not just to lawyers and judges but to anyone who has ever watched a cop show or movie: "You have the right to remain silent.
	www.jewishworldreview.com /cols/charen100798.asp (649 words)

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