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Topic: Ernst August, Elector of Hanover

	Sophia of Hanover - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Electress Sophia of Hanover (born Sophia, Countess Palatine of Simmern, at The Hague) (October 14, 1630 – June 8, 1714 in Herrenhausen) was the youngest daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine, of the House of Wittelsbach, the "Winter King" of Bohemia, and Elizabeth Stuart.
		Before her marriage, Sophia, as the daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine of the Rhine, was referred to as Sophie, Princess Palatine of the Rhine, or as Sophia of the Palatinate.
		Sophia's daughter Sophia Charlotte of Hanover (1668-1705) married Frederick I of Prussia, from whom the later Prussian kings and German emperors descend.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sophia_of_Hanover (624 words)

	[No title]
		The Electress Sophia of Hanover was born Sophia, Pfalzgräfin von Simmern, at The Hague on October 14, 1630, and died at Herrenhausen on June 8, 1714.
		Daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine also known as King Frederick V of Bohemia and Elizabeth Stuart also known as Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia.
		She married Ernst August, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg at Heidelberg September 30, 1658.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/s/so/sophia_of_hanover.html (251 words)

	George I of Great Britain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		He was the eldest son of Ernst August, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, a German prince, and of his wife, Sophia.
		In 1698, Ernst August died, leaving all of his territories to George, with the exception of the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück.
		His court in Hanover was graced by many cultural icons, such as the mathematician Gottfried Leibniz and the composer Händel.
	www.pole.ws /nph-proxy.pl/010110A/http/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_I_of_Great_Britain (3022 words)

	The Leibniz Connection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Johann Friedrich was the third eldest of four brothers born to Georg (1582-1641), Duke of Brunswick - Lüneburg - Calenberg (Hanover) and founder of the New House of Brunswick - Lüneburg.
		Ernst August's wife, Sophie (1630-1714), became a close friend, philosophical confidant, and correspondent of Leibniz, as eventually did her daughter, Sophie Charlotte (1668-1705), as well.
		Georg August was the only son of Georg Ludwig (1660-1727), who was the eldest son of Sophie and Ernst August.
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/Brunswick/LeibnizConnection.html (1564 words)

	House Of Hanover (house of hanover info) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The thrones of the United Kingdom and Hanover diverged in 1837 as the throne of Hanover, unlike that of the U.K., was under the Salic law, and so did not pass to Queen Victoria and instead passed to her uncle, the Duke of Cumberland.
		Electors were among the princes of the Empire, but they had several privileges (in addition to electoral ones) which were disallowed to their non-electoral brethren.
		The Elector of Saxony was vicar in areas operating under Saxon law (Saxony, Westphalia, Hanover, and northern Germany), while the Elector Palatine was vicar in the remainder of the Empire (Franconia, Swabia, the Rhine, and southern Germany).
	santon.erdzeitalter.de.wikimiki.info /en/House+of+Hanover (7918 words)

	The Royal Forums - Biography of Prince Ernst-August
		Ernst and Caroline are married, and the noble Houses of Hanover and Grimaldi are united.
		Ernst is the pretender to the throne of Hanover and the heir to the removed British titles Duke of Cumberland, Duke of Teviotdale and Earl of Armagh.
		ERNST AUGUST Albert Otto Rupprecht Oskar Berthold Friedrich-Ferdinand Christian-Ludwig Prinz von Hannover Herzog zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg königlicher Prinz von Großbritannien und Irland born at Hannover 26 February 1954, eldest son of Ernest Augustus IV, Prince of Hanover.
	www.theroyalforums.com /forums/f36/biography-prince-ernst-august-1035-print.html (2591 words)

	Genealogy of the Royal Family of Great Britain and Hanover (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		HSH Elector Ernst August Friedrich of Hanover, Fürst-Bishop of Osnabrück, Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg
		Fürst-Bishop of Osnabrück, 1661; Duke of Hanover, 1679; Elector of Hanover, 1692
		HSH Duke Friedrich August of Brunswick and Lüneburg
	www.geocities.com /henrivanoene/genbritain01.html (4960 words)

	Ernest August - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ernest Augustus I (1771-1851), king of Hanover, son of King George III of the United Kingdom
		Ernest Augustus II, or Ernst August of Hanover, 3rd Duke of Cumberland, (1845-1923), son of George V of Hanover
		Ernest Augustus IV, Prince of Hanover (1914-1987) or Ernst August Prinz von Hannover Sr Ernst August V, Prince of Hanover (1954-) or Ernst August Prinz von Hannover Jr Ernest August VI (born 1983), son of previous
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ernst_August_of_Hanover (173 words)

	Frederick V, Elector Palatine - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Frederick V, Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia (August 16, 1596 – November 29, 1632) was son and heir of Frederick IV, Elector Palatine and of Louise Juliana von Orange-Nassau.
		Karl I Ludwig, Elector Palatine (1610-1680), who gained a new title of Elector Count Palatine of the Rhine, Archtreasurer of the Empire, as well as most of his father's lands as part of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 at the conclusion of the Thirty Years' War.
		Sophia of Hanover (1630-1714), who married Ernst August, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, afterwards elector of Hanover, and became the mother of George I of Great Britain.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Frederick_V,_Elector_Palatine (427 words)

	Gottfried Leibniz Encyclopedia @ WorthAClick.com (Worth a Click) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Nevertheless, to be a major courtier to the House of Brunswick was quite an honor, especially in light of the meteoric rise in the prestige of that House during Leibniz's association with it.
		The Elector Ernst August commissioned Leibniz to write a history of the House of Brunswick, going back to the time of Charlemagne or earlier, hoping that the resulting book would advance his dynastic ambitions.
		Leibniz died in Hanover in 1716: at the time, he was so out of favor that neither George I (who happened to be near Hanover at the time) nor any fellow courtier other than his personal secretary attended the funeral.
	www.worthaclick.com /encyclopedia/Gottfried_Leibniz (7433 words)

	George I
		George, the son of Ernst August, Elector of Hanover, and Sophia, Princess Pflaz, was born June 7 1660 at Osnabruck, Hanover.
		In August 1714, on the death of Queen Anne, he succeeded to the throne of Britain to become the first of six British monarchs in the House of Hanover.
		The church suffered badly during the bombing of Hanover in World War II and after the war George I's remains, together with those of his mother, were removed to Herrenhausen.
	history.hvs.org.uk /Hurst2/GeoI.htm (356 words)

	The Laird o' Thistle
		Ernst August I, reigned 1837-1851, fourth son of George III.
		Ernst August III, Duke of Brunswick and Prince of Hanover.
		In a way Ernst August V has notched himself up a bit by marrying an actual heiress presumptive, even if hers is the tiniest of principalities.
	www.etoile.co.uk /Columns/Ken/051016.html (1668 words)

	[No title]
		It was imperative that the line passed to a Protestant heir, and the act excluded all Catholics, which was why James (the old Pretender), a legitimate son of James II was not allowed to rule.
		He was elevated to the College of Electors of the Empire in 1708 and became arch-treasurer of the Empire in 1710.
		By this time the power of the king was waning against the growing power of Parliament and, while the authority of the king retained a certain mystical aura, this was not what it had been before the Civil War and the English were already starting to regard the monarch as a figurehead.
	www.historyincoins.com /geo1.htm (2018 words)

	1705 (1705 info) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The Act for the Naturalization of the Most Excellent Princess Sophia, Electress and Duchess Dowager of Hanover, and the Issue of her Body was an act of Parliament passed by the English Parliament in 1705.
		It followed from the Act of Settlement 1701 whereby the descendants of the Electress Sophia of Hanover and heirs, were declared to be in the line of succession to the throne (her son George I later became king).
		He was appointed as Elector of Hanover in 1692.
	santon.erdzeitalter.de.wikimiki.info /en/1705 (11057 words)

	Pepys' Diary: Stuart, Elizabeth (Queen of Bohemia)
		The Holy Roman Emperor, who also happened to be the head of the House of Habsburg, stripped Frederick of the Palatinate, transferred the electorate to Bavaria, and allowed the Spanish army to occupy his territories, where he died during a secret visit in 1632.
		After the peace of Westphalia in 1648 a part of her husband’s domains, the Rhenish Palatinate, was restored to her eldest son, Karl Ludwig, who became an elector like his father, but he didn’t want his mom around, and her other children deserted her as well.
		(Her daughter Sophia married Ernst August, the Elector of Hanover, and their son became George I of England in 1714.) Her Dutch pension ceased in 1650.
	www.pepysdiary.com /p/833.php (401 words)

	People in classical mechanics
		Ernst August commissioned Leibniz to write a history of the Guelf family, of which the House of Brunswick was a branch.
		Although Leibniz was supposed to be employed full-time in Hanover, for many years he had a variety of part-time posts in other states (some of which were regarded as hostile).
		The rump of the Council still in Hanover refused to attend his funeral, but he was buried with otherwise proper ceremony in the Neustadter Kirche.
	peopleclassmech.net.ru /leibniz.html (1967 words)

	The Ultimate Sophia of Hanover Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		Daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine also known as King Frederick V of Bohemia Wittelsbach and Elizabeth Stuart also known as Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia, the Winter Queen.
		Sophia's daughter Sophia Charlotte of Hanover (1668-1705), married Frederick I of Prussia, starting the lineage of Prussian kings and German emperors.
		Ernst August II von Braunschweig-Lüneburg Duke of York and Albany, became bishop of Osnabrück and died without issue (1674-1728)
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Sophia_of_Hanover (419 words)

	Worldroots.com
		The daughter of Jobst Moritz von Offeln, in 1697 she married Ernst August, Count von Platen-Hallermund, who, according to serious historians, was the son of Ernst August, Elector of Hanover which made him the possible half-brother of the future George I, King of Great Britain.
		Count Philipp Christoph von Koenigsmarck was a friend of Karl Philipp, a younger son of the Elector of Hanover.
		As well he was an officer in the Hanoverian army, handsome, dashing and a ladies-man. Hoping to gain speedy promotion in the Hanoverian army, he started sleeping with Countess Platen as she was also an acknowledged mistress of the future George I, son and heir of the Elector of Hanover.
	worldroots.com /brigitte/royal/bio/sophiaoffelnbio1669.html (295 words)

	Georg Ludwig (1660-1727) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		After the death of his uncle in 1705, Elector Georg Ludwig was able to unite the principality of Lüneburg - Celle with the Electorate of Brunswick - Lüneburg - Calenberg (Hanover).
		After the electoral princess Sophie Dorothea had brought a son and a daughter into the world, she was estranged from her husband.
		As part of the agreement between her father Georg Wilhelm and Ernst August, Sophie Dorothea was banished for life to the family castle at Ahlden (Celle), completely separated from her children and her father
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/GeorgLudwig/GeorgLudwig.html (791 words)

	Sotheby's - Services & Information - Press Releases
		Tsarina Alexandra was a daughter of Luise of Prussia and thus a niece of Queen Friederike.
		The equestrian tradition of the Hanoveranian house is represented by an extensive collection of horse paraphernalia with harnesses from the 18th and 19th century, horse blankets and a number of especially sumptuous parade harnesses from the 18th to 20th century.
		The 19th century Court is further represented by a formal costume belonging to King Georg V of Hanover (1819-1878) with an estimate of € 700-1,000.
	www.shareholder.com /bid/ReleaseDetail.cfm?ReleaseID=169787&print=yes (3671 words)

	Gottfried_Leibniz
		Leibniz managed to delay his arrival in Hanover until the end of 1676, after making one more short journey to London, where he was shown some of Newton's unpublished work on the calculus.
		He thenceforth employed his pen on all the various political, historical, and theological matters involving the House of Brunswick; the resulting documents form a valuable part of the historical record for the period.
		Among the few people in north Germany to warm to Leibniz were the Electress Sophia of Hanover (1630-1714), her daughter Sophia Charlotte of Hanover (1668-1705), the Queen of Prussia and his avowed disciple, and Caroline of Ansbach, the consort of her grandson, the future George II.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/g/go/gottfried_leibniz.html (9599 words)

	Sophia of Hanover
		She married Ernst August, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg at Heidelberg September 30, 1658.
		The Act of Settlement restricts the throne to the "Protestant heirs" of Sophia of Hanover.
		They must additionally not be Catholics, and not marry a Catholic.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/so/Sophia,_Electress_of_Hanover.html (250 words)

	Germany, the Stem Duchies & Marches
		The capital of the Electorate and Kingdom of Saxony was Dresden, a beautiful city that later became one of the symbols of the horrors of World War II, when the Allies firebombed it on February 13, 1945.
		When the Emperor Charles V defeated the Elector John Frederick and the Protestant League of Schmalkalden at Mühlberg in 1547, he transfered the Electorate to Maurice of the "Albertine" line, where it remained, leading to the Kingdom of Saxony.
		This was disturbing enough to the secular German Electors, that the Emperor Ferdinand II (1619-1637) was threatened with a dispute over the election of the next Hapsburg.
	www.friesian.com /germany.htm (10308 words)

	Ernst August (IV), Prince of Hanover (1914- )
		Ernst August (III), Duke of Brunswick, Prince of Hanover (1887-)
		Ernst August (II), Crown Prince of Hanover, Duke of Cumberland (1845-1923)
		Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1784-1844)
	gsteinbe.intrasun.tcnj.edu /royalty/ahnenreihe/ErnstAugustIV.htm (139 words)

	Act Of Settlement 1701 (act of settlement 1701 info) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Many Protestants heralded him as a champion of their Faith; it was partly due to such a reputation that he was able to take the Crown of England, many of whose people were fervent anti-Catholics (though his army and fleet, the largest since the Armada, provided more cogent reasons for his success).
		William II of England or William III of Orange, was the son of William II, Prince of Orange and Mary Stuart I, daughter of James II Stuart, was born in The Hague.
		Anne was the last monarch of the House of Stuart; she was succeeded by a distant cousin, George I, of the House of Hanover.
	midwayeilanden.nl.wikimiki.info /en/Act+of+Settlement+1701 (10716 words)

	Proceedings held in 1999
		Justus Möser, lawyer, official, statesman and writer, lived and died in the small prince-bishopric of Osnabrück, one of the 300 states of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.
		After the Thirty Years War, the Treaty of Westphalia (1648) gave the little state a unique constitution under which it was to be governed alternately by a Catholic bishop and by a Protestant prince of the House of Hanover.
		Ernst August, Elector of Hanover, and father of George I, had become bishop of Osnabrück in 1662.
	www.brlsi.org /proceed1999/lithum1199.htm (540 words)

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