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Topic: Eromenos

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	Eromenos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the pederastic tradition of Classical Athens, the eromenos (Greek ἐρόμενος, pl. "eromenoi") was an adolescent boy who was in a love relationship with an adult man, known as the erastes (ἐραστής).
		The eromenos was valued for his beauty, but even more for his modesty, industriousness and courage.
		"Eromenos" is traditionally translated into English as "beloved", although this is not a perfect match for the concept.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eromenos (234 words)

	eromenos
		Eromenos mean literally, "beloved," a term used in ancient Athens and Sparta to refer to a youth loved by an older man, known as his erastes.
		While erotic love between males of the same age was usually considered abnormal and even ridiculed by most Greeks in antiquity, male love which crossed generations was considered quite normal and even a duty on the part of the older male, who acted not only as the lover but also the teacher of the youth.
		When an eromenos came of age, he in turn would choose a youth of his own to love and teach, and also would take a wife and father children, still maintaining his earlier love relationships.
	outcyclopedia.0catch.com /eromenos.html (416 words)

	Iolaus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Heracles and his nephew, helper and eromenos Iolaus.
		He often acted as Heracles' charioteer and companion, and was thought to have also been Heracles' eromenos (beloved).
		Plutarch reports that down to his own time male couples would go to Iolaus' tomb in Thebes to swear an oath of loyalty to the hero and to each other.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Iolaus (223 words)

	erastes
		In Athens and some other areas, custom forbade the erastes from ever being the passive partner in sex, the theory being that doing so meant he was "less of a man" than the boy he was supposed to be preparing for manhood.
		In every case, the erastes was expected to remember that his relationship with his eromenos was intended as a compliment to his married life and not a substitute.
		Perhaps the most famous of all erastai was Aristogiton, whose love for his eromenos Harmodius led to rebellion against the tyrant Hippias and the eventual birth of democracy in Athens.
	outcyclopedia.0catch.com /erastes.html (344 words)

	[No title]
		The friendship made the boy the eromenos of the man, who was the erastes (crudely, "lover-boy" and "boy-lover," respectively) of the boy.
		Having an erastes brought honor and prestige to an eromenos, and the higher the social status of the erastes, the greater the honor and prestige.
		Alternatively, as the erastes did what he did, the eromenos could pray to Aphrodite, the goddess of physical love, thanking her for her gift of physical beauty and gladly considering that he was obliging his duty to her rather than to his erastes.
	www.truthtree.com /pederasty.shtml (5939 words)

	Greek homosexuality
		From now on, we find no vase paintings on which the erastes offers money to an eromenos anymore, which shows that these paintings are more or less realistic representations of what actually happened.
		This is a bolder portrayal than that of Plato (whose Socrates sometimes yielded to the temptation), but both writers agree that their master believed that the contacts between erastes and eromenos could not only be aimed at sexual love, but also at obtaining moral wisdom and strength.
		According to Socrates/Plato, the eromenos' understanding grows and in the end, he will be able to see a beauty that is above all earthly standards, compared to which even the most beautiful boy is nothing.
	www.livius.org /ho-hz/homosexuality/homosexuality.html (2339 words)

	shapiro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		the age difference may be only a couple of years, the erastes now a youth himself, with only the beginnings of a fluffy beard, and the formulaic gesture in fl-figure of the erastes chucking the chin of his eromenos is in red-figure often replaced by the two partners preparing to kiss.
		I suggest that what we are dealing with is not so much a gap as a shifting of the homoerotic encounter from the palestra, where most fl-figure courtship scenes take place, to the symposium.
		To explore this proposition, I consider a recently published vase in Malibu by Smikros that depicts Euphronios and Leagros as erastes and eromenos, along with a group of vases painted by Euphronios that name Leagros in various sympotic and erotic contexts.
	www.apaclassics.org /AnnualMeeting/99mtg/abstracts/shapiro.html (241 words)

	Erastes - Homoerotic Fiction
		The relationship, in ancient Greece, between a mature man (erastes) and his young male paramour (eromenos).
		The relationship was always consensual, with the young man being of an age where he could "think for himself" and choosing his teacher-lover from an assortment of male suitors.
		The relationship between an erastes and his eromenos often lasted until the young man reached thirty years, the usual age for marriage.
	www.erastes.com /erastes.htm (506 words)

	Bagoas (courtier) - QuickSeek Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The historian Quintus Curtius Rufus, who wrote a biography of Alexander in the 1st or 2nd Century CE, says that it was Bagoas' pleas that saved Nabarzanes from being killed by Alexander as a regicide.
		This young and talented eunuch is the only person whom Curtius describes as Alexander's eromenos, his "beloved".
		As he relates, Alexander took on "Bagoas, a eunuch exceptional in beauty and in the very flower of boyhood, with whom Darius was intimate and with whom Alexander would later be intimate." (VI.5.23).
	bagoascourtier.quickseek.com (584 words)

	The Ultimate Pederasty Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		It is thus plausible to assume that even as the loves of the gods paralleled and symbolized those of the mortals, their pedagogy pointed to aspects of the educational process that took place between a lover and his beloved.
		For example, Aristophanes, in 'Peace', his parody of Ganymede riding on the back of Zeus in eagle form, has his character ride to Olympus on the back of a dung beetle.
		Dover claims it was considered "improper" for the eromenos to feel desire, as that would not be masculine.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Eromenos (4558 words)

	pothos.org - All about Alexander the Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In general, the model for homoerotic attachments in antiquity was that of elder erastes (lover, pursuer, and active participant) and younger eromenos (beloved, pursued and passive participant).
		So while we do have evidence that it was possible, in Macedonian society, for young boys of roughly the same age to form attachments to one another which included a sexual expression, there is no indisputable evidence for such an attachment between Alexander and Hephaistion.
		Thus, it would be inappropriate to refer to the friend as "lover" except in very specific circumstances, as such would fall short of encompassing the whole.
	www.pothos.org /alexander.asp?paraID=42 (2117 words)

	Greco-Roman Sexuality
		Greek heroes and demigods were often put by classical authors into the pederastic roles of erastes and eromenos.
		Socrates' words might be taken to indicate that he experienced some physical desire for the young Alcibiades (or he might also have been joking), but even if he did, he restrained himself and asserted the fact with evident pride.
		Erastes and eromenos cannot be taken to refer exclusively to physical relationships, but referred to close bonds between men and boys, some of which became physical and some of which did not.
	www.soothseeker.com /greco-roman_sexuality.htm (754 words)

	Seeing the Past: The Grooming of Athletes: Seeing in the Greek Symposium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		To add to the already limited availability of the eromenos, those of ephebe age will be forced to remove themselves from their “Männerbund” for a good part of their final year of their military training, which would, according to Lacan’s theories, intensify the desire felt by the erastes.
		Furthermore, Schnapp has observed that by the fifth century, the eromenos is equated with a tamed hare, not a hunted one, “a partner in the game, a sign of seduction and no longer the prey”(43).
		It has also been noticed that the role of the eromenos was differentiated from that of the typical Greek female: “by establishing norms concerning the sexual use that may be made of his body and, most of all, by allowing him the right to choose”(44).
	traumwerk.stanford.edu:3455 /SeeingThePast/326 (8370 words)

	Talk History Forum - Gay Marriage?
		The older boy was called the "erastes" ("lover") and the younger the "eromenos" (“beloved”).
		The only implication of a sexual relationship or use of the term eromenos for Hephaistion occurs in late sources or those of dubious authorship.
		They use the terms "erastes- eromenos' in their fiasco by giving the translation of 'lover and the 'passive member' of the 'relationship'..
	www.talk-history.com /forum/printthread.php?t=1091 (2519 words)

	Homosexuality in Ancient Greece - ReligionFacts
		A same-sex relationship between an older man, probably in his 20s or 30s, known as the erastes, and a beardless boy, the eromenos or paidika, became a cultural ideal.
		The relationship was regarded as mutually beneficial, as the older man would educate, protect, love, and provide a role model for his lover, while the eromenos offered his partner with beauty, youth, admiration, and love.
		There is evidence that penetration was often avoided by having the erastes face his beloved and place his penis between the thighs of the eromenos, which is known as intercrural sex.
	www.religionfacts.com /homosexuality/ancient_greeks.htm (1443 words)

	GRS 80: Student Submissions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Nussbaum uses Lysias¹ speech in Plato¹s Phaedrus to examine the duality of Eros in Classical Athens: as a divine gift which can be both beneficent, providing care and education for the young eromenos; and violent, the strong genital desire ruling the erastes.
		In illustrating the Athenian struggle to recognize a ³legitimate Eros² which reconciles madness with altruism, she first provides roughly contemporary examples from Aeschylus, Xenophon, Aeschines, and Plato¹s Phaedrus and Pausanias in the Symposium, before turning to the two opinions between which we must choose, those of Epicurus and of the Stoics.
		For they say it is directed at friendship rather than intercourse, is of the soul rather than the body, and is not sent by the gods.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~grs80/papers/SethD.Pevnick920348601.html (422 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2002.10.32
		Literary evidence is used to show that erotic pursuit and abduction are common topics through which hunting becomes a metaphor for courtship.
		Vase paintings show animal gifts, such as cocks, hares, etc, from the erastes to the eromenos, and these details are well known as expressions of pederastic courtship.
		Through the power possessed by the eromenos, by virtue of the desire he inspires, or more directly through the direct presence of Eros, the polar relationship between erastes and eromenos shifts to an interchangeable relationship where hunter and hunted change places.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2002/2002-10-32.html (1837 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2002.05.20
		During the sixth century, athletic nudity and the founding and popularity of the gymnasium fostered the practice of pederasty between a young male and older male.
		Scanlon concludes that the instruction afforded the eromenos by his erastes "is perhaps the most important social function of eros in Greek athletics" (217).
		Chios (uncertain) and Sparta have left evidence for games involving nude boys and girls for the purpose of arousing them erotically and displaying the male's suitableness for marriage.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2002/2002-05-20.html (1543 words)

	Hadrian and Antinous free essays
		The boy in these relationships in known as the eromenos, and thought to be in the early teens.
		The older male was known as the erastes, and was usually between the ages of twenty and forty.
		In return for the respect, devotion, and sexual gratification offered by the eromenos, the erastes would provide training for the mind, body, morals, customs, and responsibilities along with affection.
	www.needapaper.com /viewpaper/23445.html (281 words)

	CLC023 Sex and Culture Lecture 21 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		During out discussions of the Symposium, we have been considering the dual icon of the Erastes and the Eromenos primarily at the human level.
		Red Figure Vase Painting of still-mortal eromenos (Ganymede) accepting the gift of a cock from his immortal erastes (Zeus).
		The sexual availability of the eromenos is signalled by the looseness of his cloak, exposing his bare torso and small penis.
	instruct.uwo.ca /mod-lang/clc023/lecture21.html (1279 words)

	John T. Unger Studio: Erastes & Eromenos Mosaic Mural (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		John T. Unger Studio: Erastes and Eromenos Mosaic Mural
		and his beloved youth (eromenos) has been dated approximately 500 BCE.
		To see a catalog of other erotic designs available for commission, click here.
	www.johntunger.com /display/mosaic/erotic_01.html (132 words)

	Allure Mosaic Series Tile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This is also the home of InCANdescent, a line of lighting products made from recycled materials.
		Erastes & Eromenos (pictured right) came out so well that.
		John T. Unger Studio designs and fabricates custom wrought iron, studio furniture, tile mosaic and sculpture.
	mosaictiles.mapstiles.com /alluremosaicseriestile (975 words)

	john t. unger studio: Erastes & Eromenos
		The original painting of an older lover (erastes) and his beloved youth (eromenos) has been dated approximately 500 BCE.
		It is probably easier to see the piece in person at the show than at my studio, which is pretty remote.
		And the rest of the show should be pretty amazing as well!
	johntunger.typepad.com /studio/2005/01/erastes_eromeno.html (334 words)

	www.myspace.com/eromenos
		Wipe that Smile off your Face seems to be one of the new favorite songs.
		I would have to say Eromenos, my taru in Final Fantasy Online LOL.
		Cuz he's embodies everything i wish i could bring out in my life personality, that i once had and lost.
	www.myspace.com /eromenos (945 words)

	sympos
		Ionia/Persia: man-boy love is indiscriminately disapproved, which shows that tyrannical forms of government can't tolerate deep spiritual bonds (witness the tyrannicides/lovers Harmodius and Aristogiton)
		Athens/Sparta: society encourages the erastes, but puts obstacles in his way and discourages the eromenos from giving in.
		To weed out the merely common love from the heavenly.
	academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu /classic/wilson/core/sympos.htm (2063 words)

	The Warren Cup: homoerotic love and symposial rhetoric in silver Art Bulletin, The - FindArticles
		Art Bulletin, The, March, 1999 by John Pollini
		At some point after reaching the prescribed military age of about eighteen and becoming a true citizen, a freeborn young man was generally expected to marry and then, if he so chose, to take an eromenos who had reached puberty.
		In short, he became the erastes in a "pederastic" relationship - pederasty deriving from the Greek [Greek Text Omitted], meaning "to be the lover of paides (boys)."(56) Despite what was socially acceptable - based on what was legal - we do not know the extent of homosexual relationships between adult males of equal civic status.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0422/is_1_81/ai_54517307/pg_9 (206 words)

	Pommeraie Antiques - S014 - antique victorian vintage cameos, cameo brooch
		CARVED SHELL CAMEO IN A FRAME OF ENAMELED GOLDPLATED COPPER
		Neoclassical scene showing Apollo Erastes sharing a libation with a putto, probably Cupid Eromenos.
		Apollo Erastes,seated upon a boulder draped with an animal skin, holds an amphora in his right hand while his left hand proffers a kylix (libation bowl) to Cupid Eromenos.
	www.oldcameos.com /s014.html (186 words)

	31 march (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		o PASSIVE, YOUNGER PARTNER = "EROMENOS" (THE ONE WHO IS THE OBJECT OF THE LOVE, THE BELOVED)
		* IDEAL AGE OF EROMENOS (before onset of beard and body hair)
		* PURSUIT AND FLIGHT (erastes pursues, eromenos flees // heterosexual roles)
	www.classics.uiuc.edu /clciv240/Overheads/31_march.htm (249 words)

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