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Topic: Erosion (morphology)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Morphology (linguistics) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Morphology is a subdiscipline of linguistics that studies word structure.
		The part of morphology that covers the relationship between syntax and morphology is called morphosyntax, and it concerns itself with inflection and paradigms, but not with word-formation or compounding.
		Lexical morphology is the branch of morphology that deals with the lexicon, which, morphologically conceived, is the collection of lexemes in a language.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Morphology_(linguistics) (2119 words)

	Morphology - Erosion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Erosion is one of the two basic operators in the area of mathematical morphology, the other being dilation.
		The mathematical definition for grayscale erosion is identical except in the way in which the set of coordinates associated with the input image is derived.
		We can also use erosion for edge detection by taking the erosion of an image and then subtracting it away from the original image, thus highlighting just those pixels at the edges of objects that were removed by the erosion.
	homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk /rbf/HIPR2/erode.htm (1579 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The mathematical definition of erosion for \em{binary} images is as follows: \quote{ Suppose that \em{X} is the set of Euclidean coordinates corresponding to the input binary image, and that \em{K} is the set of coordinates for the structuring element.
		Erosion is the \em{dual} of \ref{dilate}{dilation} \ie eroding foreground pixels is equivalent to dilating the background pixels.
		We can also use erosion for edge detection by taking the erosion of an image and then \ref{pixsub}{subtracting} it away from the original image, thus highlighting just those pixels at the edges of objects that were removed by the erosion.
	www.cee.hw.ac.uk /hipr/src/erode.hpr (1629 words)

	18.4 Morphology
		The hit-or-miss transform is calculated by erosion of the input with the first structure, erosion of the logical not of the input with the second structure, followed by the logical and of these two erosions.
		Grey-scale morphology operations are the equivalents of binary morphology operations that operate on arrays with arbritrary values.
		The grey-scale morphological laplace is equal to the sum of a grey-scale dilation and a grey-scale erosion minus twice the input.
	stsdas.stsci.edu /numarray/Doc/node82.html (1255 words)

	Morphology
		Dilation and erosion are not a pair of opposite operations in the sense that their effects do not cancel each other.
		The erosion carried out first eliminates small shapes (assumed to be noise) as well as shrinking the object shape, while the following dilation grows the object back (but not the noise).
		Erosion tends to shrink the white regions of an image.
	fourier.eng.hmc.edu /e161/lectures/morphology/node1.html (551 words)

	[No title]
		Binary morphology was used as a principal technique because it is fast, memory efficient and provides general routines for pattern matching.
		In fact, the erosion can be implemented by placing the Sel with its origin at every ON pixel in the source image and, for every location where all hits in the Sel are placed on ON pixels in the image, an ON pixel is produced in the destination at the location of the Sel origin.
		As with dwa erosion and dilation, a 32 pixel border is required on the images and the Sel size is limited to a maximum of 31 pixels on any side of the Sel origin.
	www.leptonica.com /binary-morphology.html (6537 words)

	Monitoring Channel Morphology and Bluff Erosion at Two Installations of Flow-Deflecting Vanes, North Fish Creek, ...
		Erosion of the streambed by these tip vortexes moves the thalweg away from the outside of the bend (cut bank) and toward the point bar, causing the channel radius to increase (flattening the bend) and channel cross sections to become more symmetrical (fig.
		From 2000 to 2003, erosion was measured on the inside of the bend and deposition was measured on the toe of the eroding bluff at cross-sections 1, 3, 4, 5, and 8.
		Channel morphology, bluff erosion, and streamflow on North Fish Creek could continue to be monitored to further evaluate the positive and negative effects from large floods, the longevity of the vanes, and the possible need for maintenance and replacement of the vanes.
	pubs.usgs.gov /sir/2004/5272 (10933 words)

	Environmental Atlas of the Beaufort Coastlands - Coastal Morphology and Erosion
		Environmental Atlas of the Beaufort Coastlands - Coastal Morphology and Erosion
		Erosion of low tundra and breaching of thermokarst lakes forms headlands which source spits near Tuktoyaktuk.
		Erosional landforms comprise 63% of the coast and even where accretional landforms occur there is evidence that they are currently retreating.
	gsc.nrcan.gc.ca /beaufort/coastal_morphology_e.php (490 words)

	Morphology - Opening (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The basic effect of an opening is somewhat like erosion in that it tends to remove some of the foreground (bright) pixels from the edges of regions of foreground pixels.
		To increase the effect, multiple erosions are often performed with this element followed by the same number of dilations.
		Unlike erosion and dilation, the position of the origin of the structuring element does not really matter for opening and closing, the result is independent of it.
	www.cee.hw.ac.uk /hipr/html/open.html (1306 words)

	[No title]
		As mentioned in the section on binary morphology, grayscale morphology is simply a generalization of binary to images with multiple bits/pixel, where the Max and Min operations are used in place of the OR and AND operations, respectively, of binary morphology.
		Because the standard photometry of binary and grayscale images is opposite (white is min val in binary and max val in grayscale), grayscale dilation lightens a grayscale image and erosion darkens it, visually.
		As with binary morphology, opening and closing are defined as a sequence of erosion/dilation and v.v.
	www.leptonica.com /grayscale-morphology.html (2644 words)

	Local erosion
		All these activities are liable to increase erosion in the area by decreasing vegetative cover which will have a detrimental effect on the local fertility and ecology as well as contribute to sediment related problems.
		Reductions in low flows and flood flows may significantly alter the river morphology, reducing the capacity to transport sediment and thereby causing a build up of sediments in slower moving reaches and possibly a shrinking of the main channel.
		The release of clear water from reservoirs may result in scour and a general lowering of the bed level immediately downstream of the dam, the reverse of the effect that might be expected with a general reduction in flows.
	www.fao.org /docrep/V8350E/v8350e0b.htm (4063 words)

	Breach Morphology Observations of Embankment Overtopping Tests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Oversimplification resulted partly from a lack of understanding of breach dynamics, and partly from the fact that static erosion processes with symmetric breach geometries were easier to model than continuous erosion dynamics, which form complex geometries.
		Erosion in embankments was observed to be more of a single or series of cascades, similar in form to gully headcuts.
		Simultaneous erosion processes included gully and breach widening and upstream headcut migration, the rate of which was a function of embankment material properties.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?0100769 (324 words)

	Creation Science FAQ
		Erosion rate and amount of sediment accumulated indicate that it is only a few thousand years old.
		Continental mass divided by net erosion rate (that is, despite accretion due to volcanism, tectonic activity, and geosyncline) would wash all of the continents into the ocean in about 14 million years.
		Evolutionists ignore the morphology of fossils that do not fall into the proper evolutionary time period, and wave their magic wand to change the taxon of these fossils.
	mysite.verizon.net /vzephl0d (13977 words)

	Coupling Sediment Transport and Channel Morphology II - Hydrology [H]
		We find that erosion is a sensitive function of the evolving bed topography because of feedbacks between the turbulent flow field, sediment transport, and bottom roughness.
		Erosion in the higher slope ''flume mouth'' is not spatially uniform but is focused to form a narrow inner channel.
		The mass conservation equation where basal erosion and bank failure are considered source terms, was solved to obtain the rate of bank erosion.
	www.agu.org /meetings/fm05/fm05-sessions/fm05_H52A.html (3169 words)

	Morphological analysis of images (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Mathematical morphology is the science of shape and structure, based on set-theoretical, topological and geometrical concepts.
		The core principle of mathematical morphology is to compare the objects of an image X with a reference object B, of a given size and shape.
		The basic operations are the dilation and the erosion.
	www.tele.ucl.ac.be /PROJECTS/MORPHO (485 words)

	mm010why - Why Mathematical Morphology. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Erosion is any operator that commutes with intersection (min):
		The structural dilation and erosion are characterized by the structuring element b
		Note that the summation in convolution is replaced by the Max and Min in dilation and erosion, and the multiplication is replaced by addition and subtraction.
	www.mmorph.com /mmtutor1.0/html/mmtutor/mm010why.html (129 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		This morphology evolution is explained by a linear continuum theory of the interplay between material removal during sputtering and surface diffusion.
		The evolution of the surface morphology was measured as a function of the ion mass, the ion energy, and the target temperature.
		The validity of the linear erosion theory in the observed parameter space has been tested and its limitations for increasing fluences and ion energies and varying temperatures shown.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=20508865 (283 words)

	Find in a Library: Erosion morphology and occupation history in western Mexico.
		Find in a Library: Erosion morphology and occupation history in western Mexico.
		Erosion morphology and occupation history in western Mexico.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/10d3b166ed33f4ba.html (63 words)

	Grayscale Morphology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		"fast" versions of the erosion, dilation, opening and closing operations based on local histograms.
		It is build upon the StructureElement class and the Constants interface The develpoment of this alogorithm was inspired by the book of Jean Serra" Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology".
		I felt the lack of mathematical morphology tools in the Open Source community and decided to contribute it under the GNU Lesser General Public License.
	rsb.info.nih.gov /ij/plugins/gray-morphology.html (148 words)

	EEA - Data - Coastal erosion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The CORINE coastal erosion database (Version 1990) at scale 1:100.000 is an inventory on coastal morphology and erosion risk.
		The prime objective of the CORINE coastal erosion project was to provide a scientific database allowing the risks from possible coastal-erosion problems to be identified.
		Description of coastal erosion level 0 morphology codes
	dataservice.eea.europa.eu /dataservice/metadetails.asp?id=236 (263 words)

	SMS - coastline modeling, coastline morphology, beach erosion, beach modeling, circulation modeling, suface water ...
		SMS - coastline modeling, coastline morphology, beach erosion, beach modeling, circulation modeling, suface water modeling system
		We are optimistic that the new features and enhancements will make SMS more productive than ever!
		RMA4 - A constituent migration modeling code that has the ability to compute constituent concentrations and dispersion when supplied with a hydrodynamic solution computed by RMA2.
	www.ems-i.com /SMS/SMS_Overview/sms_overview.html (1191 words)

	Strange Science: Timeline
		c.1020-Muslim polymath ibn Sina (known in the West as Avicenna) writes an important work on erosion.
		Skeptical about alchemy, however, he doubts that bones can turn to stone and therefore rejects the explanation of fossils as organic remains.
		1866-German zoologist Ernst Haeckel publishes General Morphology of Organisms, the first detailed genealogical tree relating all known organisms, incorporating the principles of Darwinian evolution.
	www.strangescience.net /timeline.htm (11662 words)

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