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Topic: Erwinia

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	Erwinia Primer
		Over seven Erwinia species and sub-species have been reported to occur in Hawaii (Raabe, et al., 1981).
		The following is a list of the reported pathogens from this genus (Erwinia) and the hosts they infect.
		The list is organized by the scientific name of the pathogen species (CAPITAL LETTERS), followed by the various susceptible plant hosts.
	www.extento.hawaii.edu /kbase/crop/Type/erwinia.htm (216 words)

	Erwinia
		"Bacillus ananas" Serrano 1928, "Bacterium ananas" (Serrano 1928) Burgvits 1935, "Pectobacterium ananas" (Serrano 1928) Patel and Kulkarni 1951, "Erwinia herbicola var.
		Erwinia billingiae was previously known as Erwinia-like isolates or as DC isolates of Billing and Baker or as strains of phenon 11 of Verdonck et al.
		atrosepticum" Hellmers and Dowson 1957, "Erwinia carotovora var.
	www.bacterio.cict.fr /e/erwinia.html (4643 words)

	Search for Better Childhood Leukemia Treatment - National Cancer Institute
		Thirty-six percent of patients in the Erwinia group relapsed, compared with 23 percent of those in the E.
		Nineteen percent of patients in the Erwinia group relapsed, compared with 7 percent of those in the E.
		The fact that Erwinia asparaginase is active in the body for a shorter time than E.
	www.cancer.gov /clinicaltrials/results/asparaginase0502 (768 words)

	Method for preparing 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid - Patent 5234819
		C., and producing a recoverable quantity of 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid or a salt thereof by cultivation in the presence of D-glucose, forming reducing compound from sucrose and acetoin, and utilizing formate, but is incapable of liquefying geletin and of producing any acid from mannitol, esculin, rhamnose or sorbitol, respectively, on growth and isolating the 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid.
		5453 31627 2008 Erwinia terreus 5454 31628 2009 Erwinia terreus var.
		This strain is considered to be closely related to Erwinia tracheiphila or Erwinia amylovora in view of its motility with a mono-lateral flagellum.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5234819.html (4934 words)

	Harpin, elicitor of the hypersensitive response produced by the plant pathogen Erwinia amylovora -- Wei et al. 257 ...
		A proteinaceous elicitor of the plant defense reaction known as the hypersensitive response was isolated from Erwinia amylovora, the bacterium that causes fire blight of pear, apple, and other rosaceous plants.
		Evidence for the Involvement of an Oxidative Stress in the Initiation of Infection of Pear by Erwinia amylovora.
		Homology and functional similarity of an hrp-linked pathogenicity locus, dspEF, of Erwinia amylovora and the avirulence locus avrE of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/257/5066/85 (1309 words)

	Genotyping of bacteria belonging to the former Erwinia genus by PCR-RFLP analysis of a recA gene fragment -- Waleron et ...
		McManus, P. and Jones, A. Detection of Erwinia amylovora by nested PCR and PCR-dot-blot and reverse-blot hybridisations.
		Mergaert, J., Verdonck, L. and Kersters, K. Transfer of Erwinia ananas (synonym, Erwinia uredovora) and Erwinia stewartii to the genus Pantoea emend.
		Nassar, A., Darrasse, A., Lemattre, M., Kotoujansky, A., Dervin, C., Vedel, R. and Bertheau, Y. Characterization of Erwinia chrysanthemi by pectinolytic isozyme polymorphism and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of PCR-amplified fragments of pel genes.
	mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/148/2/583 (3251 words)

	Identification and Characterization of Nip, Necrosis-Inducing Virulence Protein of Erwinia Carotovora Subsp. Carotovora ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Erwinia carotovora is a phytopalhogenic bacterium that causes soft rot of many crop plants all over the world.
		The Erwinia isolates were studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using degenerate primers corresponding to the conserved regions of Erwinia harpin protein (AKEIGQFM and KPDDDGM).
		In ivvo soft rot Erwinia spp., E. carotovora and E. chrysanthemi, type III secretion machinery has been characterized and found to contribute to virulence or ability of the pathogen to grow in planta (Ranlakari et al.
	www.redorbit.com /news/science/108089/identification_and_characterization_of_nip_necrosisinducing_virulence_protein_of_erwinia/index.html (7983 words)

	[No title]
		The presence of hrp genes on the pathogenicity-associated plasmid of the tumorigenic bacterium Erwinia herbicola pv.
		Characterization of auxin synthesis genes of Erwinia herbicola pv.
		A pathogenicity gene isolated from the pPATH of Erwinia herbicola pv.
	www.tau.ac.il /lifesci/departments/plant_s/members/barash/barash.html (1132 words)

	discussion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		We recognized that we had isolated a species of Erwinia when we noticed very proliferous mucoid growth on the YDC agar, the kind that had been described in sources such as Bergey’s manual and prokaryotes.com.
		Erwinia Chrysanthemi is a plant pathogen that is commonly found in rotting fruits and vegetables.
		The original purpose of this experiment was to isolate Erwinia dissolvens, a bacteria that is commonly used in coffee and coca bean processing as way to take the hard shells that surround these food products.
	www.wam.umd.edu /~asmith/hassanjustin/discussion.html (564 words)

	Erwinia Genome Sequence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The bacterium Erwinia carotovora subspecies atroseptica (Eca) causes two economically important diseases of potato: flleg (stem rot) and tuber soft rot.
		Of particular interest will be the complete genome sequence of Erwinia chrysanthemi, a closely related soft rot pathogen currently being sequenced by an international consortium led by Prof.
		The genus Erwinia lies in the Enterobacteriaciae, a family that includes the model bacterium and pathogen Escherichia coli as well as other important pathogens such as Salmonella spp and Yersinia spp.
	www.scri.sari.ac.uk /TiPP/ErwiniaGenomeSequence.htm (1102 words)

	Erwinia Chrysanthemi 3937 Genome Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Erwinia soft rots chronically afflict many crops, and their economic toll is particularly high because disease often develops after the crop has accrued the cost of harvesting and distribution.
		We are striving for high quality finished genome sequence from this experimentally tractable model system to seed downstream functional genomics initiatives beyond the scope of this proposal.
		We will compare the annotated Erwinia genome to other enterobacterial sequences to identify genes unique to the phytopathogen and genes common to related plant and animal pathogens.
	www.ahabs.wisc.edu /~pernalab/erwinia/index.html (192 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Resistance of Apple Rootstocks to Fire Blight Caused by Erwinia Amylovora
		Fire blight has become a major concern of apple growers because of the widespread acceptance of high density orchards of susceptible scion varieties such as Gala, Pink Lady and Fuji on susceptible dwarfing rootstocks such as M.9 and M.26.
		Vigorously growing shoots were inoculated with a composite of races of Erwinia amylovora.
		Four weeks after inoculation the extent of infection (susceptibility) was recorded as the percentage of shot length infected.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=175795&pf=1 (408 words)

	EU project FAIR PL97-3676 Development of new strategies for resistance engineering in transgenic potato - participants
		He has developed the first successful genetic engineering approach mediating enhanced resistance to Erwinia carotovora by expression and secretion of T4 lysozyme in transgenic potato (Düring et al., 1993) which is currently validated under field conditions.
		Many of the current techniques now available for the genetic analysis of Erwinia and related phytopathogens were specifically developed (or applied from other systems) by this research group.
		Agrico Research is experienced in genetic transformation of a range of potato varieties and has several years of experience with the multiplication of transgenic potato plants both under glasshouse and field conditions.
	www.uni-hohenheim.de /fair/expert.htm (1008 words)

	Erwinia - Diseases and disease information for sugar beets at www.beetseed.com (Holly Hybrids and Vanderhave sugarbeet ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The exception to the rule is the destructive bacteria Erwinia carotovora or soft rot.
		It is thought that the disease is spread by infected soil deposited in plant crowns by farm machinery, splashing water and insects.
		The most effective way to control Erwinia is by using resistant seed varieties.
	www.beetseed.com /diseases/erwinia.php (333 words)

	Close Scrutiny Needed for GM Microorganisms
		Erwinia carotovora causes a rot disease in potatoes.
		The experiment is designed to test the fitness of bacteria that have had genes known to be associated with pathogenesis that have been disrupted by inserting in those genes the antibiotic resistance genes.
		There is thus clear evidence that Erwinia is capable of moving resistance genes among soil Erwinia species, between other soil bacterial species and among enteric bacteria.
	www.twnside.org.sg /title2/service230.htm (2055 words)

	Erwinia amylovora secretes harpin via a type III pathway and contains a homolog of yopN of Yersinia spp -- Bogdanove et ...
		Erwinia amylovora secretes harpin via a type III pathway and contains a homolog of yopN of Yersinia spp -- Bogdanove et al.
		Molina, L., Rezzonico, F., Defago, G., Duffy, B. Autoinduction in Erwinia amylovora: Evidence of an Acyl-Homoserine Lactone Signal in the Fire Blight Pathogen.
		Ham, J. H., Bauer, D. W., Fouts, D. E., Collmer, A. A cloned Erwinia chrysanthemi Hrp (type III protein secretion) system functions in Escherichia coli to deliver Pseudomonas syringae Avr signals to plant cells and to secrete Avr proteins in culture.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/178/6/1720 (880 words)

	Hypersensitive response elicitor from Erwinia chrysanthemi (US6001959)
		The present invention relates to an isolated protein or polypeptide corresponding to a protein or polypeptide in Erwinia chrysanthemi which elicits a hypersensitive response in plants.
		Bauer et al., "Cloning of a Gene from Erwinia amylovora Involved in Induction of Hypersensitivity and Pathogenicity," Plant Pathogenic Bacteria, 425-429 (1987).
		Laby et al., "Cloning and Preliminary Characterization of an HRP Gene Cluster of Erwinia amylovora," Phytopathology, 79(10):1211 (Abstract 607) (1989).
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=US06001959 (2313 words)

	CiteULike: Genome sequence of the enterobacterial phytopathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		CiteULike: Genome sequence of the enterobacterial phytopathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp.
		Genome sequence of the enterobacterial phytopathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp.
		We report the genome sequence of a plant pathogenic enterobacterium, Erwinia carotovora subsp.
	www.citeulike.org /user/LeightonP/article/2132 (367 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| PR genes of apple: identification and expression in response to elicitors and inoculation ...
		PR genes of apple: identification and expression in response to elicitors and inoculation with Erwinia amylovora
		In this study, we attempted to identify downstream components of the SAR pathway in apple to serve as markers for its activation.
		We identified three pathogenesis related (PR) genes from apple, PR-2, PR-5 and PR-8, which are induced in response to inoculation with the apple pathogen, Erwinia amylovora, but they are not induced in young apple shoots by treatment with known elicitors of SAR in herbaceous plants.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2229/6/23 (5310 words)

	Amazon.com: erwinia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Erwinia chrysanthemi leaf rot of Philodendron (Circular PP-706) by Carol Napoli Somody (Unknown Binding - 1981)
		Purple-stain disease, a new bacterial disease of Carica papaya caused by Erwinia herbicola (University of Hawaii) by Mitchell Glenn Nelson (Unknown Binding - 1978)
		Soft rot of Dracaena deremensis 'Janet Craig' caused by Erwinia carotovora ssp.
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=erwinia&tag=icongroupinterna&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (602 words)

	Complete Nucleotide Sequence of Ubiquitous Plasmid pEA29 from Erwinia amylovora Strain Ea88: Gene Organization and ...
		Tn5-induced mutations in the enterobacterial phytopathogen Erwinia chrysanthemi.
		Identification of Erwinia amylovora, the fireblight pathogen, by colony hybridization with DNA from plasmid pEA29.
		Characterization of a ubiquitous plasmid in Erwinia amylovora.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/66/11/4897 (6465 words)

	Ming-Tsair Chan
		The ferredoxin-like protein gene originally isolated from sweet pepper is thought to function as a natural defense against infection due to its antimicrobial properties.
		Hence it was reasoned that introduction of this gene might confer Oncidium resistant against Erwinia, the causal agent for the soft rot disease.
		The transgenic plants showed enhanced resistance to Erwinia carotovora, even when the entire plant was challenged with the pathogen.
	www.sinica.edu.tw /~ibawww/pi/ming-tsair%20chan/index_e.html (760 words)

	ETH - Plant Pathology - Autoinduction in Erwinia amylovora: Evidence of an acyl-homoserine lactone signal in the ...
		Erwinia amylovora: Evidence of an acyl-homoserine lactone signal in the fire blight pathogen" class="subnav-on" href="http://www.path.ethz.ch/docs/publications/2005/2005_molina_1">Molina et al.
		Autoinduction in Erwinia amylovora: Evidence of an acyl-homoserine lactone signal in the fire blight pathogen
		Erwinia amylovora causes fire blight disease of apple, pear, and other members of the Rosaceae.
	www.path.ethz.ch /docs/publications/2005/2005_molina_1 (388 words)

	Fruit Pathology, Current Topics, Erwinia amylovora
		The use of antibiotics in crop protection, and the subsequent emergence of antibiotic-resistant plant pathogens, has in many respects paralleled antibiotic use and resistance development in human and veterinary medicine.
		Streptomycin-resistant strains of Erwinia amylovora, the fire blight pathogen of apple and pear, have been found in widely separated geographic regions.
		Effect of antagonistic bacteria on the establishment of honey bee-dispersed Erwinia amylovora in pear blossoms and on fire blight control.
	www.plantpath.wisc.edu /fpath/do-practices-promote-resistance.htm (809 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Relation of Pomaceous Flower Age to Infection by Erwinia Amylovora
		The causal organism, Erwinia amylovora, becomes established on the stigmas of flowers during warm weather, and upon wetting by rain or heavy dew, moves to the floral cup where it invades through the nectary openings.
		Technical Abstract: Potential infection of flowers by Erwinia amylovora in relation to flower age has not been established, but is relevant to fire blight risk assessment.
		This was investigated in conjunction with studies on stigma age and bacterial colonization.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=171107 (514 words)

	Relatedness of Chromosomal and Plasmid DNAs of Erwinia pyrifoliae and Erwinia amylovora -- McGhee et al. 68 (12): 6182 ...
		Relatedness of Chromosomal and Plasmid DNAs of Erwinia pyrifoliae and Erwinia amylovora -- McGhee et al.
		Relatedness of Chromosomal and Plasmid DNAs of Erwinia pyrifoliae and Erwinia amylovora
		Characterization of an ubiquitous plasmid in Erwinia amylovora.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/68/12/6182 (5827 words)

	The cyclic AMP receptor protein is the main activator of pectinolysis genes in Erwinia chrysanthemi -- Reverchon et al. ...
		The cyclic AMP receptor protein is the main activator of pectinolysis genes in Erwinia chrysanthemi -- Reverchon et al.
		The cyclic AMP receptor protein is the main activator of pectinolysis genes in Erwinia chrysanthemi
		Blot, N., Berrier, C., Hugouvieux-Cotte-Pattat, N., Ghazi, A., Condemine, G. The Oligogalacturonate-specific Porin KdgM of Erwinia chrysanthemi Belongs to a New Porin Family.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/179/11/3500 (769 words)

	Webliga - Webkatalog & Webverzeichnis - Feuerbrand, Erwinia Amylovora, Obstbau Äpfel Birnen, Apfelsorten, ...
		Webliga - Webkatalog and Webverzeichnis - Feuerbrand, Erwinia Amylovora, Obstbau Äpfel Birnen, Apfelsorten, Birnensorten, Obstbäume, Streubost, Streuobstwiese, Apfelbaum, Birnbaum
		Webliga - Webkatalog and Webverzeichnis: Feuerbrand, Erwinia Amylovora, Obstbau Äpfel Birnen, Apfelsorten, Birnensorten, Obstbäume, Streubost, Streuobstwiese, Apfelbaum, Birnbaum
		Homepage der Obstbau-Versuchsanstalt St. Andrä im Lavanttal mit umfangreicher Obstsorten-Datenbank und ausführliche Infos zum Thema Feuerbrand (Erwinia Amylovora).
	www.web-liga.de /profil.php/36 (72 words)

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