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Topic: Erythrocyte

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	Red blood cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Erythrocytes consist mainly of hemoglobin, a complex molecule containing heme groups whose iron molecules temporarily link to oxygen molecules in the lungs or gills and release them throughout the body.
		Erythrocytes in mammals are anucleate when mature, meaning that they don't have a cell nucleus and thus no DNA.
		Erythrocytes are continuously being produced in the red bone marrow of large bones.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Red_blood_cell (1283 words)

	Erythrocyte sedimentation rate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), also called a sedimentation rate, sed rate or Biernacki Reaction, is a non-specific measure of inflammation that is commonly used as a medical screening test.
		To perform the test, anticoagulated blood is placed in an upright tube and the rate at which the red blood cells fall is measured and reported in mm/h.
		The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) can also be used to assess response to therapy in certain inflammatory diseases such as temporal arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, rheumatoid arthritis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Erythrocyte_sedimentation_rate (307 words)

	CHEST: Evaluation of intravascular hemolysis with erythrocyte creatine in patients with cardiac valve prostheses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Erythrocyte creatine, a marker of erythrocyte age that increases with shortening erythrocyte survival, was evaluated with other hemolytic markers and hemodynamic parameters.
		However, erythrocyte creatine is regarded as a sensitive and quantitative marker of mean age of the erythrocyte population, because young erythrocytes contain considerably higher creatine levels than older erythrocytes, (8) and creatine contents in erythrocytes decrease gradually with advancing cell age.
		In this study, we measured erythrocyte creatine by means of the enzymatic method with other hemolytic markers to compare their characteristics in patients with cardiac valve prostheses, and examined the relation between intravascular hemolysis and hemodynamic parameters in these patients.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_6_125/ai_n6151133 (1088 words)

	s000922c - Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Markedly Elevated
		Erythrocyte sedimentation rate measured by the Westergren method is marginally affected by age, race, and blood storage.
		Abstract: Charts of 1006 consecutive outpatients were reviewed to ascertain the cause of extreme elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (greater than or equal to 100 mm/h) and the sensitivity of marked ESR elevation in patients with disorders commonly reported to cause ESR elevation.
		Abstract: To reevaluate the diagnostic significance of a markedly elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the clinical diagnosis associated with an ESR of 100 mm/hr or greater was retrospectively analyzed in 200 patients at the Massachusetts General Hospital.
	www.emory.edu /WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch00/s000922c.html (2253 words)

	erythrocyte -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The mature human erythrocyte is small, round, and biconcave; it appears dumbbell-shaped in profile.
		Red blood cells, or erythrocytes, are specialists in carrying molecular oxygen (O2) from the lungs to the tissues of the body and for carrying carbon dioxide (CO2) in the opposite direction.
		Hemoglobin, which is responsible for the red colour of blood, is the oxygen-carrying protein in erythrocytes.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9032962?tocId=9032962&query=erythrocyte (591 words)

	Appearance of an erythrocyte population with decreased deformability and hemoglobin content following sepsis -- Condon ...
		the sepsis-induced decrease in erythrocyte deformability is manifested
		Erythrocyte deformability is a nitric oxide-mediated factor in decreased capillary density during sepsis.
		Actin protofilament orientation in deformation of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton.
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/284/6/H2177 (4160 words)

	Kabat, David (1967-04-10) Protein synthesis during chicken erythrocyte differentiation. Studies of ordered DNA protein ...
		In Chapter 1, erythrocytes from the blood of normal and anemic birds were fractionated by buoyant density centrifugation in bovine serum albumin gradients.
		The two hemoglobins, present within single chicken erythrocytes, appear to be synthesized in constant ratio throughout eiythropoiesis, suggesting that the factors involved (at the genetic and translation levels) in the regulation of these syntheses operate in a cordinate manner.
		It is demonstrated that the bound hemoglobin molecules consist exclusively of one of the two hemoglobin types, that they are complexed to the erythrocyte chromosomes, and that they co-sediment with the chromatin in sucrose gradients.
	etd.caltech.edu /etd/available/etd-09202002-093411 (585 words)

	Organization of the erythrocyte membrane
		Even when the last questions about the structure and function of the erythrocyte membrane are answered, the model will remain useful as a starting point in the study of other more complex cytoskeletal systems.
		Membrane-associated cytoskeletal protein networks are involved in the control of cell shape, attachments to other cells and to the substrate, and in organization of specialized membrane domains.
		Since details of the organization of the erythrocyte cytoskeleton are still to be worked out, the cartoon presented here must be considered only a working model.
	www.ruf.rice.edu /~bioslabs/studies/sds-page/rbcmembrane.html (781 words)

	Maternal and umbilical cord erythrocyte omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and haemorheology in singleton and twin ...
		Maternal and umbilical cord erythrocyte omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and haemorheology in singleton and twin pregnancies -- McFadyen et al.
		Maternal and umbilical cord erythrocyte omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and haemorheology in singleton and twin pregnancies
		Note that erythrocyte transit times in seconds are measured by their passage, at constant pressure, through a membrane of 5 µm diameter pore size.
	fn.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/88/2/F134 (2788 words)

	Membrane Transport in the Malaria-Infected Erythrocyte -- Kirk 81 (2): 495 -- Physiological Reviews
		The Sendai virions induce the fusion of erythrocytes,
		of the erythrocyte by the parasite (49, 256).
		composition of the erythrocyte membrane is altered (336), as
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/81/2/495 (10550 words)

	British Journal of Biomedical Science: Effect of cell washing on erythrocyte sodium concentration in human hypertensive ...
		A concern in the determination of erythrocyte Na+ concentration is the accurate measurement of low intracellular concentrations of Na+, relative to its high concentration in plasma, and multiple washing and separation steps are required to separate the cells from the plasma.
		Using a technique in which erythrocyte Na+ concentration is measured without cell washing and within one minute of obtaining the blood sample, Simon and Conklins found reduced erythrocyte Na+ concentrations in hypertensive subjects.
		Subsequently, using this technique, they demonstrated that the reduction in erythrocyte Na+ concentration in hypertensive subjects most likely was caused by a concomitant increase in erythrocyte Na+K+ATPase activity.6 They hypothesised that removal of extracellular Na+ by repeated cell washing affects transmembrane distribution of ions, leading to misleading reports of increased erythrocyte Na+ concentrations in hypertension.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3874/is_200101/ai_n8933090 (1162 words)

	Antioxidant Protection of Propofol and Its Recycling in Erythrocyte Membranes -- TSUCHIYA et al. 165 (1): 54 -- ...
		Hemolysis of erythrocytes was induced by ROS as described previously (17).
		Fresh human erythrocytes were suspended in PBS at a hematocrit of 5% and then incubated at 37° C with 20 mM AMVN, in the presence or absence of 50 µM 2,6-diisopropylphenol (or Diprivan) or 100 µM ascorbic acid as indicated.
		Fresh human erythrocytes were suspended in PBS at a hematocrit of 35% and incubated at 37° C for 30 min with the various osmolar solutions, in the presence or absence of 50 µM 2,6-diisopropylphenol (or Diprivan).
	ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/full/165/1/54 (5111 words)

	Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		ESR or the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a time honored laboratory method for determining the acute phase response to inflammation.
		Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein in the evaluation of disease activity and severity in polymyalgia rheumatica: a prospective follow-up study.
		The rouleau formation of erythrocytes and the erythrocyte sedimentation were examined for mixture of different kinds of the cells suspended in isotonic phosphate-buffered saline containing 1 or 2 g/dl dextran T-70 (MW = 70,400) and 4 g/dl albumin, using a low shear rheoscope and the Westergren method, respectively.
	www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /labtests/esr.htm (3074 words)

	morphology
		Polychromasia: Polychromatophylic erythrocytes are those that show a faint bluish tint due to an admixture of the characteristic colors of hemoglobin and the basophilic erythrocyte cytoplasm when stained with a Romanowsky stain or a quick stain.
		Nucleated Erythrocytes: Nucleated red blood cells are commonly observed in regenerative anemias, but may also be observed in non-anemic or non-regenerative anemic states such as lead poisoning, hypoxia, or myeloproliferative disease in cats.
		Normal Feline blood film: Normal feline erythrocytes have little to no central pallor because the bi-concave structure of their erythrocytes is not as marked as that of canine erythrocytes.
	www.vetmed.auburn.edu /distance/clinpath/morphol1 (1421 words)

	Utilisation of erythrocyte 6-thioguanine metabolite levels to optimise azathioprine therapy in patients with ...
		Utilisation of erythrocyte 6-thioguanine metabolite levels to optimise azathioprine therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease -- Cuffari et al.
		Erythrocyte 6-MP and AZA metabolite levels were measured by reverse phase HPLC, as previously described.
		The median (range) erythrocyte 6-MMP level for the entire patient population was 2000 (668-4578).
	gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/48/5/642 (3275 words)

	Deficiency of Src Family Kinases Fgr and Hck Results in Activation of Erythrocyte K/Cl Cotransport -- De Franceschi et ...
		Activity of K/Cl cotransport in fresh mouse erythrocytes was measured as chloride- and volume-dependent K effluxes (10,
		Analysis of Fgr, Hck, and Lyn autophosphorylating kinase activities in erythrocytes from wildtype and mutant mice.
		in reticulocytes and declines in mature erythrocytes (3).
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/99/2/220 (4862 words)

	Correlation between erythrocyte aldose reductase level and human diabetic retinopathy -- Oishi et al. 86 (12): 1363 -- ...
		Overall, a slight but significant decrease in erythrocyte AR levels was observed with duration of diabetes (p=0.032).
		The mean prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the overall NIDDM patients was 45.7%, with the prevalence of retinopathy increasing with the length of the disease (p <0.0001).
		Erythrocyte aldose reductase protein: a clue to elucidate risk factors for diabetic neuropathies independent of glycemic control.
	bjo.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/86/12/1363 (2504 words)

	erythrocyte on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Relationship between GHb concentration and erythrocyte survival determined from breath carbon monoxide concentration.
		Evaluation of intravascular hemolysis with erythrocyte creatine in patients with cardiac valve prostheses *.(clinical investigations)
		Resealed erythrocytes: a review: erythrocytes, the most abundant cells in the human body, have potential carrier capabilities for the delivery of drugs.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/X/X-erythroc.asp (282 words)

	Sensitive enzymatic assay for erythrocyte creatine with production of methylene blue -- Okumiya et al. 44 (7): 1489 -- ...
		a slight decrease in the mean age of the erythrocyte population (4)(5).
		of erythrocyte enzyme deficiencies in reticulocytosis (8), for
		erythrocytes (i.e., a decrease in the mean age of erythrocytes).
	www.clinchem.org /cgi/content/full/44/7/1489 (3556 words)

	Pathology
		Over 95% of RBCs are found in the peripheral blood where the erythrocyte functions during its life span of 120 days.
		The function of the erythrocyte is to produce, package, protect, and transport hemoglobin between the various body tissues.
		The normal mature erythrocyte is a biconcave disc approximatly 8 um in diameter; 2.5 um thick at the periphery and 1.0 um thick at the center.
	www.med-ed.virginia.edu /courses/path/innes/nh/normbasics2.cfm (831 words)

	Role of erythrocyte phosphatidylserine in sickle red cell-endothelial adhesion -- Setty et al. 99 (5): 1564 -- Blood (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Role of erythrocyte phosphatidylserine in sickle red cell-endothelial adhesion -- Setty et al.
		Phosphatidlyserine (PS) exposure on the erythrocyte surface endows the cell with the propensity of adhering to vascular endothelium.
		Altered erythrocyte endothelial adherence and membrane phospholipid asymmetry in hereditary hydrocytosis
	www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/abstract/99/5/1564 (489 words)

	Erythrocyte Disaggregation Shear Stress, Sialic Acid, and Cell Aging in Humans -- Hadengue et al. 32 (2): 324 -- ...
		Erythrocyte aggregation is one of the main determinants influencing
		dextran- or autologous plasma–induced aggregation of senescent erythrocytes.
		Erythrocyte membrane sialic acids in primary and secondary hypertension in man and rat.
	hyper.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/32/2/324 (3922 words)

	Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate \| aHealthyAdvantage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), or sedimentation rate (sed rate), is a measure of the settling of red blood cells in a tube of blood during one hour.
		The rate is an indication of inflammation and increases in many diseases.
		The stacking up of red blood cells, caused by extra or abnormal proteins in the blood that decrease the normal distance red cells maintain between each other.
	www.ahealthyadvantage.com /topic/topic100586786 (751 words)

	Oral Magnesium Supplements Reduce Erythrocyte Dehydration in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease -- Franceschi et al. 100 ...
		of the sickle erythrocyte is the presence of dense erythrocytes
		Rifai, S.L. Alper, and O.S. Platt (1996) Therapy with oral clotrimazole induces inhibition of the Gardos channel and reduction of erythrocyte dehydration in patients with sickle cell disease.
		Basu, A.K., and A.W. Woodruff (1966) Effect of acetazolamide and magnesium therapy on erythrocyte survival in sickle-cell anemia and sickle-cell-haemoglobin-C disease.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/100/7/1847 (4759 words)

	Protoporphyrin, Free Erythrocyte, and Zinc Protoporphyrin
		Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin is a sensitive test for lead toxicity or chronic exposure in adults.
		Erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels should not be used as a screening test for lead poisoning in children.
		The diagnosis of lead exposure or poisoning includes consideration of environmental exposure, as well as symptoms and abnormal erythrocyte protoporphyrin.
	www.labcorp.com /datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/bm007100.htm (360 words)

	Developmental changes in erythrocyte Na+,K+-ATPase subunit abundance and enzyme activity in neonates -- Vasarhelyi et ...
		Erythrocytes were washed, haemolysed, and diluted 30-fold for the determination of intracellular Na concentration ([Na ic
		A representative western blot developed by enhanced chemiluminescence is shown obtained from pooled blood collected from patients in group 1 (gestational age 28-32 weeks; lanes 1-3), group 2 (gestational age 33-36 weeks; lanes 4-6), and group 3 (gestational age 37-42 weeks; lanes 7-9).
		Rosen KG, Sigstrom L. Influence of age on Na -ATPase activity in erythrocytes in fetal and newborn guinea pigs.
	fn.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/83/2/F135 (2162 words)

	Polymorphism in the Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte-binding ligand JESEBL/EBA-181 alters its receptor specificity -- ...
		antigen and Plasmodium vivax to invade erythrocytes and infect
		Data from enzyme-treated erythrocytes are expressed as the percentage of binding to untreated erythrocytes.
		of Papua, New Guinea (41, 42) and is the erythrocyte receptor
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/8/2518 (3866 words)

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