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	Chronology of the Armenian Genocide -- 1915 (April-June)
		Widespread attacks on, and looting of, Armenian villages in Bitlis and Erzerum Provinces are fed by the accusation that the Armenians caused the war.
		Armenians are deported from the northern villages of Erzerum Province.
		Turkish refugees are settled in the emptied Armenian villages of the Tortum District of Erzerum Province.
	www.armenian-genocide.org /1915-2.html (2019 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Erzerum (Theodosiopolis)
		Erzerum was captured in 1214 by the sultans of Iconium, in 1387 by Timur-Leng, in 1400 by the Osmanli Turks.
		Erzerum is built at an altitude of over six thousand feet on a hill, which is surrounded by mountains of some ten thousand feet in height.
		The Diocese of Theodosiopolis (Erzerum) was re-established in 1850 and on 10 July, 1883, divided into the Dioceses of Erzerum and Mush.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/05527b.htm (508 words)

	Tabriz to Erzerum
		The road to Erzerum was refreshing after the dryness of Iran, cool weather, rain and water in the streams.
		Erzerum is at 2000m on a plateau and the weather in winter is punishing, as the Russian army found out when they attacked the city during the first world war.
		Erzerum had stood as an impregnable fortress since Roman times but fell to the Russians mainly because of Enver Pasha's appalling leadership which led the Turkish troops to desert en masse.
	www3.sympatico.ca /ellises/tabriztoerzerum.htm (657 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Nikolai Yudenich on the Russian Capture of Erzerum, 16 February 1916
		The fortress of Erzerum was the only fortified point in the interior of Asia Minor, protecting Western Armenia and Anatolia and commanding all the best roads of Transcaucasia and the interior of Asia Minor.
		According to latest information received, Turkish officer and soldier prisoners, who were captured in the fortified district of Erzerum and in the course of the pursuit, complain bitterly that their Headquarters Staff was concentrated in the hands of Germans.
		The latter during the assault on the fortress of Erzerum were the first to abandon the fortified positions, causing a panic and disorder among the already shaken Turkish troops.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/erzerum_yudenich.htm (777 words)

	ERZERUM - LoveToKnow Article on ERZERUM
		The Erzerum vilayet extends from the Persian frontier at Bayazid, all along the Russian frontier and westward into Anatolia at Baiburt and Erzingan.
		It is divided into the three sanjaks of Bayazid, Erzerum, and Erzingan.
		ERZINGAN, or ERZINJAN (Arsinga of the middle ages),the chief town of a sanjak in the Erzerum vilayet of Asiatic Turkey.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /E/ER/ERZERUM.htm (2622 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - British Military Report on the Russian Capture of Erzerum, 16 February 1916
		Everything, therefore, favoured an offensive in the direction of Erzerum, and a series of manoeuvres and flanking movements in the mountains and valleys at the headwaters of the Araxes and the Euphrates.
		This is the north-eastern "gateway" to Erzerum through which the and Turkestans were to advance, and which the Turkish 10th Army Corps was defending from Forts Kara-gyubek and Tufta.
		But in the five days' fighting along the whole length of the Erzerum forts from the Deve-Boyun to the Gurji-Bogaz defiles their losses were not more than 12,000, a large part of which were deaths or injuries due to exposure.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/erzerum_price.htm (4140 words)

	Genocide1915.info - The Armenian Genocide History Chronology
		The government distributes arms to the Muslim residents of the town of Keghi in Erzerum Province on the excuse that the Armenians there were unreliable.
		Armenians are put to use as porters of army supplies in Erzerum, Trebizond, and Sivas Provinces under the worst of cold winter conditions for the purpose of letting them die of overwork and illness.
		Chetes and gendarmes attack Armenians in the towns of Bayburt (Papert) and Terchan in Erzerum Province, and in Bitlis.
	www.genocide1915.info /history_chronology.asp?ArmeniaDiaspora.com (7257 words)

	(RUSSIAN DIARY) Tall Armenian Tale: The Other Side of the Falsified Genocide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Colonel Morel was appointed Commandant of the fortress of Erzerum, and an Armenian as president of the court martial.
		He declared that Erzerum was to be defended to the last moment, and forbade all officers and inhabitants capable of bearing arms to leave the town.
		Memorandum of Lt.-Col. Twerdokhleboff concerning the Armenian attacks on the Turkish population of Erzerum and its neighborhood from the beginning of the Russian Revolution to the reoccupation of the town by the Turkish troops on February 27th 1918.
	www.tallarmeniantale.com /russian-diary.htm (4423 words)

	Eyewitness to the Armenian Genocide
		, Born 1898, Village of Darman, Vilayet of Erzerum, Turkey
		, Born 1903, Village of Darman, Vilayet of Erzerum, Turkey.
		, Born 1900, Village of Darman, Vilayet of Erzerum, Turkey.
	www.chgs.umn.edu /Histories__Narratives__Documen/Armenian_Genocide/Eyewitness_to_the_Armenian_Gen/eyewitness_to_the_armenian_gen.html (30 words)

	Arslanian Family History - Where From?
		Dersim was a sanjak (district) in the northern part of the vilayet of Kharput, adjacent to the southwestern part of the vilayet of Erzerum.
		The city of Erzerum is located at 39° 55' N 41° 17' E in present-day Erzerum province, Turkey.
		It was the "capital" of the vilayet of Erzerum.
	www.arslanmb.org /arslanian/WhereFrom.html (1476 words)

	OFFICIAL DIARY OF THE SECOND RUSSIAN GARRISON ARTILLERY REGIMENT IN ERZERUM The Russian Army of the Caucasus ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		fortress of Erzerum, and an Armenian as president of the court martial.
		Erzerum was to put down such crimes, and, should he fail to bring the
		Artillery Regiment of Erzerum, in the sense that this regiment was not, as
	www.armenianreality.com /armenian_terror/diary.htm (7345 words)

	Armenian Genocide Timeline - Little Armenia
		The Armenian population in Erzingan, a town of Erzerum vilayet, is slaughtered by the Turks.
		Massacres occur in Garin and in the vilayet of Erzerum.
		According to the peace agreement, Turkey accepts its responsibility for the crimes against the Armenians during the war and undertakes the obligation to compensate for the losses sustained by the Armenians.
	www.littlearmenia.com /html/genocide/genocide_timeline.asp (5001 words)

	EUPHRATES - LoveToKnow Article on EUPHRATES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It rises in the Dumlu Dagh, N.N.W. of Erzerum, in a large circular pool (altitude, 8625 ft.), which is venerated by Armenians and Moslems, and ~Iows south-east to the plain of Erzerum (5750 ft.).
		Nahr Arsanas), rises south-west of Diadin, in the northern flank of the Ala Dagh (11,500 ft.), and flows west to the Alashgerd plain.
		The united stream breaks through the mountains to the south, and, receiving on its way the Patnotz Su (left) and the Khinis Su (right), flows south-west, west and south, through the rich plain of Bulanik to the plain of Mush.
	59.1911encyclopedia.org /E/EU/EUPHRATES.htm (5937 words)

	Location and Topography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		On the southwestern extremity of this area lies the city of Erzerum in the Erzerum Basin.
		Erzerum is Turkey's highest (1950 meters/6400 feet) and most exposed city.
		Important yaylas (summer pastures) extend from Erzerum to Kars and between Kars and the Armenian border.
	www.turkishdogs.com /kars/kars_location.html (455 words)

	Welcome to OzByBike - Jenny & Chris hit Taz by bike.
		It is famous for many things, the strong religiousbeliefs of the local population, the stunning scenery of the mountains thatsurround this ancient city but most of all Erzerum is famous for being cold andI mean really cold.
		Now Erzerum is nice and has few older very pretty sites to see but nowhere near5 days worth, so we decided to visit the ancient city of Ani up near theArmenian border so our guidebook said.
		Right next to the border was thereality, 5 hours on a bus, one hour by taxi and then we are told we are notmeant to take photos as the area is 'sensitive'.
	www.ozbybike.co.uk /journals.php?page=4 (1601 words)

	Wilsonian Armenia - Armeniapedia.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		From the northern border of the Dersim the nature and the direction of the frontier decision was primarily dependent upon the vital question of supplying an adequate access to the sea for the state of Armenia.
		Eastward from the port of Trebizond along die coast of Lazistan no adequate harbor facilities are to be found and the rugged character of the Pontic range separating Lazistan Sandjak from the Vilayet of Erzerum is such as to isolate the hinterland from the coast so far as practicable railway construction is concerned.
		thence westward to the point common to the boundaries of the Sandjaks of Erzingan and Erzerum and the Vilayet of Mamuret-ul-Aziz, situated at a sharp angle in the vilayet boundary, approximately 24 kilometers westward from the village of Palumor and 32 kilometers southeastward from the city of Erzingan,
	www.armeniapedia.org /index.php?title=Wilsonian_Armenia (3916 words)

	ERZERUM, or ARZRUM (Arm. Garin) - Online Information article about ERZERUM, or ARZRUM (Arm. Garin) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Garin) - Online Information article about ERZERUM, or ARZRUM (Arm.
		Persian carpets and similar goods can be obtained.
		Erzerum is a town of great antiquity, and has been identified with the Armenian Garin Kalakh, the Arabic Kalikale, and the See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /EMS_EUD/ERZERUM_or_ARZRUM_Arm_Garin_.html (1176 words)

	Erzurum, Turkey, Pictures
		Erzurum (also Erzerum), city in eastern Turkey, capital of Erzurum Province.
		Located at the eastern end of a wide plain bordered by steep mountains, the city is about 1950 m (about 6400 ft) above sea level.
		No longer used for water storage for the city the water level is kept low-about 15 cm.
	www.greatestcities.com /Middle_East/Turkey/Erzurum_Erzerum_city.html?redir=1 (307 words)

	Russian Great War History - 1916
		Another fort at Erzerum falls to the Russians.
		Germans launch attack in the Dvinsk district are repulsed by Russians.
		Turkish troops are repulsed by Russians between Erzerum and Erzingan.
	www.russianwarrior.com /1914_History_1916.htm (3607 words)

	Greenmantle by John Buchan eBook by BookRags
		This was Posselt, who had been Governor of Erzerum till he fell sick and Ahmed Fevzi took his place.
		He was supposed to be a good engineer and to have made Erzerum impregnable, but the look on his face gave me the impression that his reputation at the moment was a bit unstable.
		It is vitally important that we should be in Erzerum without delay, so I took the liberty of appropriating an empty car we found outside an inn.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/559/134.html (520 words)

	Erzerum Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For now you may want to try Erzerum at [coruwat.com] for information.
		The most likely reason our database doesn't have the information on Erzerum is because our editors haven't gotten around to finalizing it yet.
		If you are in urgent need of finding information on this subject you may want to click one of the links found on this page for Erzerum or do a search at google.
	www.echostatic.com /Erzerum.html (93 words)

	Ankara
		After we booked our bus to Ankara and phoned our friends to let them know when we were coming we resumed our hunt for the citadel.
		Just up the hill from the museum is the "citadel", an encouragement after Erzerum.
		The citadel itself (in Europe it would be called the Keep) was closed but it stands in the middle of a little walled town, right in the centre of Ankara, where people still live and work.
	www3.sympatico.ca /ellises/ankara.htm (536 words)

	TREATY_OF_SEVRES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		I could only regard the question in the light of the needs of a new political entity, Armenia, with mingled Moslem and Christian populations, rather than as a question of the future of the Armenians alone.
		It is my confident expectation that the Armenian refugees and their leaders, in the period of their return into the territory thus assigned to them, will by refraining from any and all form of reprisals give to the world an example of that high moral courage which must always be the foundation of national strength.
		The world expects of them that they give every encouragement and help within their power to those Turkish refugees who may desire to return to their former homes in the districts of Trebizond, Erzerum, Van and Bitlis remembering that these peoples, too, have suffered greatly.
	www.haybachdban.com /dossiers/traite/treaty_of_sevres.htm (3868 words)

	The Nation, 01/10/1920 - The Program of the Young Turks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		After the Congress of Erzerum, Mustapha Kemal Pasha, who is supported by the ex-dictator, Enver Pasha, assembled a second congress at Sivâs, Turkey.
		...After the Congress of Erzerum, Mustapha Kemal Pasha, who is supported by the ex-dictator, Enver Pasha, assembled a second congress at Sivas...
		To recognize as the sole representative of the Turkish people the Government of Mustapha Kemal Pasha, which has its seat at Erzerum...
	www.archive.thenation.com /Summaries/v110i2845_24.htm (591 words)

	17 Trouble by The Waters of Babylon
		I tried to persuade myself that this was merely the red tape of a frontier fortress, but I had an instinct that difficulties were in store for us.
		If Rasta had started wiring I was prepared to put up the brazenest bluff, for we were still eighty miles from Erzerum, and at all costs we were going to be landed there before night.
		You can go on to Erzerum, but I shall send a man with you to see that you report to headquarters there.
	books.rakeshv.org /html/gmntl10/gmntl10ch17.html (3591 words)

	HISTORIC ARMENIAN CITIES AND PROVINCES--KARIN/ERZERUM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Decline and Revival of Erzerum, 16th-18th Centuries
		Erzerum Province in 1915: The View from the German
		The public is welcome to attend the international conference.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /history/hovannisian/confnov98.html (158 words)

	HighBeam Research: Library Search: Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Turkish offensive in the Caucasus was a bold scheme to advance from Erzerum via Sarikamish to Kars over a 3,000 m/10,000 ft mountain range in the depths of winter.
		The Turkish defence collapsed 15 Feb and Yudenich entered Erzerum the next day.
		poet Fuzuli (died 1563) is the great exemplar, and continued in the following century with the great poet satirist Nef'i of Erzerum (died 1635) and others.
	www.highbeam.com /library/search.asp?FN=AO&search_dictionaries=on&refid=ency_refd&q=Erzerum (196 words)

	Case Study 3. Hay in Erzerum Province - Eastern Turkey[3] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The final siting of the stack-yard in villages with a history of lawlessness is the responsibility of the local gendarmerie commandant.
		One of the most valuable crops in Erzerum province is hay.
		Not only as the most important winter feed, but as a crop to sell.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/005/X7660E/x7660e0i.htm (1493 words)

	Armenian National Institute
		First-hand account by a Turkish army officer on the deportation of Armenians from Trebizond and Erzerum, December 26, 1916
		Report by a resident of Syria on the condition of Armenian deportees, November 27, 1916
		Report from a German missionary on the massacre of Armenians from Erzerum, July 31, 1915
	www.armenian-genocide.org /sitemap.html (455 words)

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