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Topic: Escondida Mine

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	www.theage.com.au - BHP toys with $105m molybdenum plant for Escondida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		There are hurdles for Escondida in producing molybdenum as its ore has a content of some 70 parts per million of molybdenum compared with the 100-400ppm range of other Chilean producers.
		The original construction project for Escondida, completed in 1990, included a molybdenum plant, but this was subsequently converted to recover copper as "it was not economical to produce molybdenum at the price of the day", Mr Hernandez said.
		Escondida is owned by BHP Billiton (57.5 per cent), Rio Tinto (30 per cent), Jeco (10 per cent) and World Bank (2.5 per cent).
	www.theage.com.au /text/articles/2005/10/27/1130400306447.html (491 words)

	ASTER Image Gallery: Escondida Mine, Chile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Escondida Cu-Au-Ag open-pit mine is at an elevation of 3050 m, and came on stream in 1990.
		Primary concentration of the ore is done on-site; the concentrate is then sent to the coast for further processing through a 170 km long, 9 pipe.
		Escondida is related geologically to three porphyry bodies intruded along the Chilean West Fissure Fault System.
	asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov /gallery/gallery.htm?name=Escondida (141 words)

	Innovations: Intro to Cu: Mining & Extraction
		Underground mining is achieved by sinking shafts to the appropriate levels and then driving horizontal tunnels, called adits, to reach the ore. Underground mining is, however, relatively expensive and is generally limited to rich ores.
		Open pit mining is employed when the orebodies are extensive, low in grade, and relatively near the surface, where they can be quarried after removal of overburden.
		Today the old mining techniques have been replaced almost entirely by blasting with safe modern explosives and the use of heavy-duty mechanical cutting equipment, where the rock is soft enough to merit such treatment.
	www.copper.org /innovations/2001/08/intro_mae.html (2385 words)

	Antofagasta - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Antofagasta's economic mainstay is based on providing housing and services to the mining companies and operations that surround the city.
		As there are several large mines near Antofagasta temporary migrant mine workers form a significant portion of the residents.
		The other is part of La Escondida copper mine and located to the south of the city, near Cerro Coloso.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Antofagasta,_Chile (751 words)

	~~Strike That~~ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		escondida is the name of one of the largest producing copper mines in the country and maybe even the world.
		the mining industry is the main and most important to the chilean economy and northern chile is home to this industry.
		the mining industry is one of the few reasons one would find themselves living in antofagasta.
	strikethat.com /index.php?m=200509 (1437 words)

	Chile Cerro Colorado copper output not yet at capacity - Metals News - Metals Place (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		BHP Billiton's (BHP) Chilean copper mine Cerro Colorado hasn't fully recovered from the damages a June earthquake inflicted on it, a BHP official said Wednesday.
		While mine throughput is at capacity, the mine is still in the process of ramping up its leaching processes, so output isn't yet back to normal, according to Diego Hernandez, BHP's base metals division president.
		The mine will only be able to calculate actual lost output and have an estimate of when output will be at capacity again in the next few weeks, Hernandez said.
	feeds.theeuropenews.net /?rid=f32af3541f4f8819&cat=88176adfdf246af5&f=1 (348 words)

	Financial Review: BHP green lights $1.15bn Chile mine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Escondida project will produce 180,000 tonnes of copper cathode each year for at least 25 years and is scheduled to begin production during the second half of 2006, a company statement said.
		The total, combined sulphide leach ore reserve to be extracted from both the Escondida and Escondida Norte pits, is estimated at 1.134 billion tonnes at an average copper grade of 0.52 per cent, contained within a copper cut-off grade range of 0.3-0.7 per cent.
		Water will be pumped to the Escondida mine facilities, 170 kilometres southeast of Antofagasta.
	afr.com /cgi-bin/newtextversions.pl?pagetype=printer&path=/articles/2004/04/06/1081017139763.html (310 words)

	smh.com.au - The Sydney Morning Herald
		BHP Billiton, the world's largest mining company, had the ratings outlook on its Escondida copper mine reduced to negative from stable by international ratings agency Standard & Poor's, after curbing an output increase at the mine in 2003.
		The mine in Chile, which finished an expansion this year, would be producing below its capacity of 1.25 million tonnes.
		"Escondida's rating stability relied strongly on the substantial financial improvement that was expected to be derived from the operation at full capacity in 2003," S&P said.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2002/12/08/1038950269519.html (226 words)

	Economic and Financial Analysis Branch
		Furthermore, the first quartile is dominated by two large low-cost mines: the Escondida mine in Chile and the Bingham Canyon mine in the United States.
		All three Hemlo mines are so profitable that they started paying income and mining taxes during their first year of production, quite uncommon for mining projects in Canada because of the large accelerated write-offs available.
		The mine was constructed, at a cost of $135 million, over a two-year period (1980 to 1982) by bringing parts, machinery and equipment into the mine site using a Hercules aircraft.
	mmsd1.mms.nrcan.gc.ca /efab/report4_e.asp (2537 words)

	Modular (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Escondida is located in the Atacama Desert, 170 kilometers southeast of Antofagasta Chile, approximately 3,100 meters above sea level.
		Additionally Escondida has in place several existing software packages, such as mine planning and ERP systems, making it vital that any new mine management system be able to integrate and function seamlessly with those systems.
		Escondida, located in northern Chile's region II, began production in 1990 and is the largest copper mine in the world.
	www.mmsi.com /news_27.shtml (574 words)

	Copper & the Environment: Andean Flamingoes and Escondida
		This piece is excerpted from a paper by Mario Parada, Escondida’s biologist for the Andean Flamingo project.
		Fortunately for the flamingo, a sizable copper deposit was discovered near their natural habitat, and the environmental baseline studies identified the plight of this large bird.
		In 1988, before starting mining operations in Chile’s Atacama Desert, studies were carried out in the mining area and in the Punta Negra Salt Pan Basin.
	www.copper.org /environment/casestudies/flamingoes.html (794 words)

	Rescan Projects - Minera Escondida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Minera Escondida copper mine in northern Chile is one of the world’s largest porphyritic copper orebodies, annually producing over 800,000 tonnes of fine copper concentrate and refined copper.
		Copper concentrate is transported from the minesite to the Punta Coloso dewatering facility via a slurry pipeline and then discharged into the ocean through a diffuser located 1,320 m offshore and 60 m underwater.
		Escondida is located 3,100 m above sea level, 160 km southeast of Antofagasta in northern Chile.
	www.rescan.com /escondida.htm (203 words)

	Show Mines of Chile: Chuquicamata Copper Mine
		The Chuquicamata mine produces sulfidic ores, whilst the nearby Chuqui Sur mine, formerly known as Exótica, primarily produces oxide ores.
		The visit of the mine is a popular trip and part of most tour company schedules.
		But the mine is a working mine, and so the visits are more or less a kind of promotion visit of the mining company.
	www.showcaves.com /english/misc/mines/Chuquicamata.html (482 words)

	Mining Technology - BHP Copper Mine - Escondida - Chile
		During 2003, the mine handled 149Mt of ore and waste and processed 70.3Mt of sulphide ore grading 1.43% copper (down from 1.58% in 2002) and 13.7Mt of 1.06% copper oxide ore.
		Escondida is a conventional open-pit operation processing sulphide and oxide ores.
		Copper concentrates from the Escondida mill are pumped through a 170km-long, nine-inch-diameter pipeline, constructed by PSI-JRI Ingenieria, to the coastal port of Coloso where concentrates are dewatered and dried for export.
	www.mining-technology.com /projects/escondida (1141 words)

	News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The expansion is due to come on stream in October 2002 and boost copper output by approximately 400,000tpy.
		Last year the mine produced 960,000t of copper, but output is declining due to lower grades.
		Escondida is controlled by Melbourne-based BHP (NYSE: BHP).
	www.chilnet.cl /news/brief.asp?Cod_noticia=0000006887 (105 words)

	An MBendi Profile: Chile - Mining: Copper Mining - Overview
		Escondida has extended this flexible cut-off approach into 2003, where, subject to a review in June and combined with heavy maintenance scheduling at the older Los Colorados concentrator, its anticipated production of 1.25 Mt will be reduced by 200,000 t.
		At Escondida the Phase IV expansion construction was completed and the ramp up to 237,500 t/d was effected by April of 203.
		BHP Billiton is a major partner (57.5%) in the world’s largest copper mine, Escondida located in the Atacama desert.
	www.mbendi.com /indy/ming/cppr/sa/cl/p0005.htm (870 words)

	Caterpillar: Industries>Mining (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Caterpillar's first large mining truck, the 785, with original capacity of 130 tons, was introduced in 1984 and was an immediate success in an industry seeking greater productivity.
		These machines are working in operations located in more than 40 countries and mining a wide range of minerals, such as copper, gold, coal and iron in addition to less common products, such as oil sands and diamonds.
		The majority owner (57.5 percent) of Escondida is BHP Billiton, the world's largest diversified resources company and the world's largest user of mining equipment.
	www.cat.com /cda/components/fullArticle?m=38462&x=7&id=143410&date=true (704 words)

	Bechtel Corporation—Sample Projects—Escondida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The project employed 10,000 workers, nearly doubled throughput at the mine, and was completed on schedule.
		The copper mine accounts for 8 percent of the world’s mined copper production, 10 percent of Chile’s exports and more than 2 percent of the country’s gross domestic product.
		Escondida Minera, a joint venture of Broken Hill Proprietary, Rio Tinto Plc., Japan’s JECO Corp., and International Finance Corp., awarded Bechtel a contract in mid-1998 to design the facility and procure all of the permanent engineered equipment.
	www.bechtel.com /sample_escondida.htm (181 words)

	Company News On Call (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Guzman is an engineering consultant for mining and mine construction companies for development projects around the world.
		Guzman was Director of Operations for Mineracao Serra da Fortaleza's nickel mine, a unit of RTZ in Brazil.
		Guzman oversaw the development of the Escondida copper mine in Chile as the project director and the Neves Corvo underground copper mine in Portugal as managing director.
	www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=105&STORY=/www/story/07-22-1998/0000716138 (271 words)

	NZX: By Company
		This investment will enable the processing of an estimated 1.134 billion tonnes of low-grade (0.52% average Cu grade) sulphide material from the Escondida and Escondida Norte pits which would otherwise be mined as waste.
		Escondida is pioneering the use of desalination for process water in this arid region of Chile.
		Dr Gilligan has sufficient experience, which is relevant to the style and type of deposit and to the activity that he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 1999 edition of the "Australasian Code for Reporting of Minerals Resources and Ore Reserve".
	www.nzx.com /market/market_announcements/by_company?id=98920 (317 words)

	Rio Tinto\| Minerals and Metals for the world \| Media \| (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Escondida Norte's combined proved and probable ore reserves are estimated at 526 million tonnes of sulphide ore at an average copper grade of 1.42% and a cut-off grade of 0.7%, giving an ore reserve life of approximately 17 years.
		The other joint venture partners are BHP Billiton, who is also the operator, with a 57.5 per cent interest in the mine; Japan Escondida Corporation (owned beneficially by Mitsubishi Corporation, Mitsubishi Materials Corporation and Nippon Mining and Metals Company Limited) with a 10 per cent interest; and International Finance Corporation (2.5 per cent).
		Dr. Gilligan has sufficient experience, which is relevant to the style and type of deposit and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 1999 edition of the "Australasian Code for Reporting of Minerals Resources and Ore Reserve”.
	www.riotinto.com /media/media.aspx?id=597 (318 words)

	Chile copper exports grow 8.6% in April (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Copper exports, which account for 40 percent of the country's total, totaled $597.3 million in April against $549.8 million a year earlier, the bank said in its bimonthly statistical report.
		An expansion at the Escondida mine, owned by BHP Billiton (London:BLT.L; Australia:BHP.AX), is expected to significantly boost Chilean copper output this year, along with other lesser expansions by other producers.
		Escondida's January-April output rose 41.2 percent year-on-year to 323,926 tonnes.
	www.latinpetroleum.com /printer_946.shtml (171 words)

	BHP Billiton > Base Metals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Escondida mine in Chile is the world's largest source of copper.
		Beyond conventional mine development, we are also rigorously pursuing advanced bioleaching technology, which has the potential to achieve significant reductions in the cost of producing base metals.
		Escondida, Chile (57.5%) — copper concentrates and cathodes
	www.bhpbilliton.com /bb/customerCentre/productGroups/baseMetals/home.jsp (272 words)

	ipedia.com: Atacama Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Atacama has rich deposits of copper and other minerals, and the world's largest natural supply of sodium nitrate, which was mined on a large scale until the early 1940s.
		Its church is recent, having been erected by the Spanish in 1577, but archeological evidence indicates that the San Pedro area was the center of a Paleolithic civilization that built rock fortresses on the steep mountains encircling the valley.
		The Escondida Mine is also located within the Atacama.
	www.ipedia.com /atacama.html (381 words)

	HCItasca: Mining Projects at Escondida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		HCItasca conducted a hydrogeologic and numerical modeling investigation to design a dewatering system to depressurize the pit highwall at one of the largest copper mines in the world.
		HCItasca developed a three-dimensional ground-water flow model to assess the effects of mine seepage, recharge from tailings, and several dewatering alternatives.
		HCItasca acted as the primary geotechnical engineering consultant to Escondida in the area of slope stability assessment and design as well as general geotechnical engineering.
	www.winternet.com /~icg/mining__escondida.html (178 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Latin America
		Mining companies pay fees to smelters to turn concentrate into metal for manufacturers of electrical wiring and plumbing pipe.
		BHP Billiton officials are in Tokyo this week to meet Japanese smelters and set fees for refining concentrate from its Escondida mine in Chile, the world's biggest copper mine.
		The calendar year treatment charge between Sumitomo Metal Mining and Escondida was $85.50 a ton and the refining charge, 8.5 cents a pound.
	www.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=10000086&refer=latin_america&sid=ati8WbhDo9n0 (679 words)

	Investor Relations - News Release (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The contract was awarded by Minera Escondida, a Chilean joint-venture mining company owned by an international consortium led by BHP Billiton.
		The project is the latest in a series of major projects awarded to Fluor since the company was commissioned to design and build the original mine and processing plant in 1988.
		BHP Billiton manages the Escondida operation on behalf of an international consortium, which is made up of BHP Billiton with 57.5 percent ownership, Rio Tinto with 30 percent, JECO with 10 percent and International Finance Corporation with 2.5 percent.
	investor.fluor.com /news/20040721-139750.cfm (395 words)

	MARIO EDUARDO ROSSI, MSc
		Rossi has worked in over 80 different mining projects at various stages of development around the world, including precious and base metals, multi-element deposits (Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, etc) and sedimentary deposits (uranium, coal, and industrial minerals such as nitrates and iodine deposits).
		This study was used as part of the Feasibility study of an expanded mine plan (to 250,000 tons Cu production/year).
		Rossi was responsible for the ore reserves aspect of the audit, and collaborated in auditing the geology and both underground and surface mining of the operation.
	www.geosysint.com /mer-res.html (4599 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Australia & New Zealand
		Copper production at Escondida in Chile rose to 106,594 tons in June, 37 percent higher than a year earlier and 28 percent higher than in May, according to a statement from the mine.
		Oji Baba, a representative on Escondida's board for Mitsubishi Corp. last month in an interview said the partners should maintain output cuts at Escondida through the end of the year because of sagging demand.
		Escondida produced 513,988 tons of copper in the first six months of the year.
	quote.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=10000081&sid=aP6Ij3H7aA4c&refer=australia (426 words)

	The Mines of Mineral de Pozos Gto Mex
		It is estimated that more than 1,200,000 tons of ore were extracted since the arrival of the Spanairds (circa 1576 in Pozos) until the last mine closed in 1926.
		The best way to experience them firsthand is with a guide, both to explain what you see but also for safety.
		There are open mine shafts and other areas requiring great personal caution.
	www.mineraldepozos.com /eng/see/mines.htm (207 words)

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