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Topic: Eshnunna

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	d. The Amorite Kingdoms. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		His son, Ishme-Dagan (1780–1741), invaded Babylonia, in alliance with Elam, Eshnunna, and the Gutians but was defeated by Hammurapi the Great.
		In 1764, Babylon was attacked by a coalition of Elam, Assyria, the Gutians, and Eshnunna, but Hammurapi defeated the coalition, annexed Eshnunna and Elam, and expanded the empire to the borders of Assyria and the Zagros.
		In 1757–1755, Hammurapi defeated another Assyrian invasion, and when Eshnunna revolted it was destroyed.
	www.bartleby.com /67/85.html (657 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Eshnunna is the transliteration of the ancient name of a Sumerian city and city-state in lower Mesopotamia.
		Occupied from the Early Dynastic Period, Eshnunna was eventually drawn within the sphere of Third Dynasty of Ur, before achieving a short-lived political prominence - after Ur's decline and fall - within the first two centuries of the second millennium BCE.
		Eshnunna was ultimately conquered by Hammurabi, ruler of Babylon, and absorbed within the Old Babylonian Empire (sometimes called the First Babylonian Dynasty).
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Eshnunna (242 words)

	Sumerian Gods, Demons and Immortals Whose Names Start with 'T'
		Tiamat, being a dead goddess, had no temple of her own but was ritually memorialized by Akkadians in the Kiurkuga, 'The Pure Leveled Place,' a shrine in Marduk's E.sagil temple at Babil.
		The mountain god, Tishpak, 'Lord of Armies,' replaced Ninazu as the tutelary deity of Eshnunna, the principal city of Warum, a land populated by Amurru, immediately northeast of Sumer.
		Later, when Eshnunna was conquered by Babylonia, Marduk, the chief god of Babylonia, took charge of the snake dragon and adopted it as his symbol.
	www.jameswbell.com /geog0050tnames.html (510 words)

	Babylonia - MSN Encarta
		The catalyst in its downfall was the migration of a large group of Semitic nomads, the Amurru, or biblical Amorites, from the Arabian deserts to the west.
		Rim-Sin was unable to exploit his victory, because at the same time in the formerly modest city of Babylon to the north, the ruler Hammurabi came to the fore.
		As king, Hammurabi combined astute diplomacy and military leadership; he defeated Rim-Sin, as well as the kings of Elam, Mari, and Eshnunna, and about 1760 bc became the ruler of a united kingdom extending from the Persian Gulf to the River Habur.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761571780_3/Babylonia.html (1229 words)

	Eshnunna at AllExperts
		Eshnunna is the transliteration of the ancient name of a Sumerian city and city-state in lower Mesopotamia.
		Occupied from the Early Dynastic Period, Eshnunna was eventually drawn within the sphere of Third Dynasty of Ur, before achieving a short-lived political prominence - after Ur's decline and fall - within the first two centuries of the second millennium BCE.
		Eshnunna was ultimately conquered by Hammurabi, ruler of Babylon, and absorbed within the Old Babylonian Empire (sometimes called the First Babylonian Dynasty).
	en.allexperts.com /e/e/es/eshnunna.htm (357 words)

	Eshnunna - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Eshnunna is the transliteration of the ancient name of a Sumerian city and city-state in lower Mesopotamia.
		Occupied from the Early Dynastic Period, Eshnunna was eventually drawn within the sphere of Third Dynasty of Ur, before achieving a short-lived political prominence - after Ur's decline and fall - within the first two centuries of the second millennium BCE.
		Eshnunna was ultimately conquered by Hammurabi, ruler of Babylon, and absorbed within the Old Babylonian Empire (sometimes called the First Babylonian Dynasty).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eshnunna (312 words)

	Bar-Ilan University's Parashat Hashavua Study Center
		The great interest in the Code of Hammurapi, dating from about 1,750 BCE, is based on the fact that most of the 282 laws listed are well preserved, clearly drafted and comprehensible to the modern mind.
		For instance, in the laws of Eshnunna (59 are known in all) law no. 53 states that if one ox gores another to death, the owners shall divide between themselves the price of the live ox and the dead one.
		The reason is to be found in the code of Eshnunna, which dates to about 2,000 BCE (ANET, 161 - 163).
	www.biu.ac.il /JH/Parasha/eng/mishpat/ros.html (681 words)

	Ethics of Sumer, Babylon, and Hittites by Sanderson Beck
		Thus from the beginning of civilization the sexism of patriarchal rule in the state and families is seen in the oppression by male dominance.
		Eshnunna and Susa in the southeast became independent, and then the Amorites attacked from the north.
		In the nineteenth century BC Eshnunna was expanded by Ipiq-Adad II as far north as Assur on the Tigris, but soon Assur joined with Nineveh to form an Assyrian kingdom, which along with Mari, Babylon, and Larsa, surrounded Eshnunna.
	www.san.beck.org /EC3-Sumer.html (14890 words)

	Oriental Institute \| Oriental Institute Research Archives
		This resurgence of Eshnunna's power may well be connected to a decline of Isin and Larsa as power bases in the mid-to-late 19th century BC.
		Naramsin, who was among the deified rulers of Eshnunna, appears to have picked up an old tradition which had disappeared otherwise from Eshnunna with the collapse of the Ur III state.
		The foregoing discussion should provide sufficient evidence to show that Eshnunna, especially the Shu-Sin Temple and the Palace of the Rulers, is a prime candidate to provide evidence for political developments and material culture before, during, and after a collapse.
	oi.uchicago.edu /research/library/dissertation/proposals/reichel.html (8972 words)

	ELOHIM : ALEHP
		This short series of military operations infringed on the territories of Larsa and Eshnunna and no doubt aroused considerable hostility from Rim-Sin and from Ibal-pi-El II, who in 1790 B.C. had succeeded Dadusha, but we have no means of knowing if and how they retaliated.
		Hostilities were limited to attacks on one or two cities on the border between the two kingdoms, and as troops from Eshnunna cooperated with the Assyrians on these occasions,8 we may suspect that Ishme-Dagan had turned an old enemy into an ally.
		In any case, 'the man of Eshnunna', who plotted in the Upper Country and even launched a full- scale expedition in the region ofHarran,9 remained for Zimri- Lim the most dangerous of his two eastern neighbours.
	www.messiah.org /hammurabi.htm (5946 words)

	Third Dynasty of Ur - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Third Dynasty of Ur came to preeminent power in Mesopotamia after several centuries of Akkadian and Gutian kings.
		It controlled the cities of Isin, Larsa and Eshnunna and extended as far north as the Jezira.
		The Third Dynasty of Ur arose soon after the fall of the Akkad Dynasty.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Third_Dynasty_of_Ur (1540 words)

	Detail Page
		The excavations of Eshnunna were carried out in the 1930s under the auspices of the University of Chicago's Oriental Institute.
		Other discoveries at Eshnunna include a horde of artifacts of silver and lapis lazuli buried under the floor of a palace (to safeguard them from vandals?).
		In the streets of Eshnunna 5,000 years ago the sound of children playing could be heard.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=MESP0023 (328 words)

	Archaeology Wordsmith
		DEFINITION: The ancient city of Eshnunna on the Diyala River of Iraq, inhabited from the Uruk to Old Babylonian period.
		In the early 2nd millennium BC, Tell Asmar was the center of the kingdom of Eshnunna.
		DEFINITION: An ancient city under the mound of Tell Asmar, northeast of Baghdad, Iraq.
	www.reference-wordsmith.com /cgi-bin/lookup.cgi?category=&where=headword&terms=Eshnunna (128 words)

	The Babylonian Empire
		Eshnunna, which evidently had also seceded, was vanquished about 1730.
		Later chronicles mention the existence of a state in the Sealand, with its own dynasty (by "Sealand" is understood the marshlands of southern Babylonia).
		Following the division made by the first editor, Jean-Vincent Scheil, the Code of Hammurabi contains 280 judgments, or "paragraphs," on civil and criminal law, dealing in the main with cases from everyday life in such a manner that it becomes obvious that the "lawgiver" or compiler had no intention of covering all possible contingencies.
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /imperialism/notes/babylonia2.html (1402 words)

	The Old Babylonian period
		His example was followed elsewhere by local rulers, as in Der, Eshnunna, Sippar, Kish, and Larsa.
		In many localities an urge was felt to imitate the model of Ur; Isin probably took over unchanged the administrative system of that state.
		Hammurabi, who called his own work dinat misarim, or "verdicts of the just order," states in the epilogue that it was intended as legal aid for persons in search of advice.
	www.angelfire.com /nt/Gilgamesh/oldbabyl.html (4584 words)

	ABZU Bibliography: Display Article
		Political Change and Cultural Continuity in Eshnunna from the Ur III to the Old Babylonian Period: A dissertation Submitted to the Division of the Humanities in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations
		By using the "Palace of the Rulers" from the site of Tell Asmar (ancient Eshnunna), a large palatial building excavated by the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago between 1930 and 1934, I have undertaken a similar analysis on a palace.
		This palace was built around 2070 B.C. as the seat of a provincial government during the Ur III period and later on became the residence of the ruler of an independent state called Warum.
	www.etana.org /abzu/abzu-displayarticle.pl?RC=18433 (224 words)

	Ancient Mesopotamia 3300-331 B.C.E.: Social Class and Economy History Summary
		The following passages are excerpted from the Laws of Eshnunna, a kingdom in northern Babylonia contemporary with the early part of the First Dynasty in Babylon (circa 1894 - circa 1595 B.C.E.) and conquered by Hammurabi as he expanded his kingdom to the north.
		The laws are preserved on three tablets that are later copies of the original, which—like other law collections—may have been inscribed on a stone stele for public display.
		Whatever king of Eshnunna wrote the laws, it is clear that his conception of justice for his people included fair treatment in economic matters.
	www.bookrags.com /history/worldhistory/ancient-mesopotamia-social-class-and-economy/sub17.html (532 words)

	oldbabylon
		In the mid-1770's he, along with troops from Mari and Elam, sacked Eshnunna.
		He defeated another coalition of Elam, Eshnunna, Assyria and Gutium, captured Eshnunna and reached the Assyrian frontier.
		Eshnunna sided with him and it's ruler Anni was also captured and strangled in Babylon.
	www.geocities.com /garyweb65/oldbaby.html (1232 words)

	Votive Statues From Eshnunna Data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Votive statues, from the square temple, eshnunna, gypsum, alabaster.
		The votive statues from the square temple, eshnunna represent an early example of an ancient.
		The sculptors of the eshnunna votive statues simplified the faces, bodies, and dress to emphasize.
	www.candlesonline.info /votive-statues-from-eshnunna.html (695 words)

	Ethics of Sumer, Babylon, and Hittites by Sanderson Beck
		Thus from the beginning of civilization the sexism of patriarchal rule in the state and families is seen in the oppression by male dominance.
		Eshnunna and Susa in the southeast became independent, and then the Amorites attacked from the north.
		In the nineteenth century BC Eshnunna was expanded by Ipiq-Adad II as far north as Assur on the Tigris, but soon Assur joined with Nineveh to form an Assyrian kingdom, which along with Mari, Babylon, and Larsa, surrounded Eshnunna.
	san.beck.org /EC3-Sumer.html (14890 words)

	BIBLIOGRAPHY
		The next example of law document is that written by Eshnunna and is the oldest laws yet known which were written in Akkadian (the previous were written in Sumerian).
		The laws of Eshnunna are more extensive than any of the laws to precede them, covering economic measures, and many other aspects of society in greater detail than were covered in previous texts.
		In terms of economic clauses, the Laws of Eshnunna appear to borrow from Laws of X in terms of fees to be paid.
	www.gmalivuk.com /otherstuff/fall02/danking.htm (4824 words)

	[No title]
		About that time, Ibal-pi-El of Eshnunna made an alliance with Zimri-Lim, an heir to the original dynasty of Mari, and brought his forces against the city.
		Khammurapi would regret this when Zimri-lim led a revolt against him two years later, but the rebellion was soon crushed, the city was de-fortified, and Zimri-lim was taken from his ancestral throne, for good this time.
		From this skilled political maneuvering of alliances and betrayals and his ability to pit one warlord against another before crushing both of them, Khammurapi was able to transform a minor kingdom of about 100 miles in diameter to an empire larger than Iraq.
	members.fortunecity.com /bahumuth/The.Babylonians.doc (4025 words)

	Hammurabi
		The main contenders were Larsa, Mari, Ashur and Eshnunna, countries that at some periods would also ally with him.
		Hammurabi is probably the most recognized ruler in the history of early civilizations in Mesopotamia —; but it would be wrong to call him the most important.
		1764: Hammurabi wages a war against a coalition of Ashru, Eshnunna and Elam, countries that blocked Babylonia's access to the metal-producing areas in Iran.
	www.i-cias.com /e.o/hammurabi.htm (468 words)

	Babylonia - MSN Encarta
		Toward the end of the 3rd millennium bc, Sumer and Akkad was a kingdom of empire proportions ruled by a Sumerian dynasty known as the 3rd Dynasty of Ur.
		After a century or two, hordes of Semitic nomads, the Amurru, or biblical Amorites, who had migrated from the Arabian desert lands to the west, made themselves masters of some of the more important cities such as Isin, Larsa, Babylon, and Eshnunna (now Tell Asmar).
		Rim-Sin was unable to exploit his victory, because at the same time in the previously unimportant city of Babylon to the north, the ruler Hammurabi came to the fore.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761571780_3/Babylonia.html (1280 words)

	Insights: An Ancient Window - Maxwell Institute Insights
		For example, the Laws of Eshnunna, promulgated in Babylonia probably during the reign of Dadusha in the early eighteenth century B.C., instituted a system of weights and measures.
		The Laws of Eshnunna began with a royal superscription that probably proclaimed this standardization as instrumental in establishing justice, eliminating enmity, and protecting the weak.
		Similarly, a motivation for the economic part of King Mosiah’s reforms was to provide a standard system under the new reign of judges for the payment of judges on a daily basis: "a senine of gold for a day, or a senum of silver" (Alma 11:3).
	farms.byu.edu /display.php?table=insights&id=56 (4462 words)

	Hammurabi (1792-1750 B.C)
		These years were characterized by changing coalitions among the main kingdoms—Mari, Ashur, Eshnunna, Babylon, and Larsa.
		In 1764 Hammurabi dealt with a coalition of Ashur, Eshnunna, and Elam—the main powers east of the Tigris—whose position threatened to block his access to the metal-producing areas of Iran.
		The final destruction of Eshnunna during this campaign—again achieved by damming up the waters—most likely proved to be a pyrrhic victory, because it removed a buffer zone between Babylonia proper and the peoples of the east (among them probably the Kassites, who were to take over in Babylonia 160 years hence).
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /imperialism/notes/hammurabi.html (1106 words)

	Women's Rights in Old Testament Times
		Eshnunna was north of Ur on the Tigris River and became politically important after the fall of the third dynasty of Ur, founded by Ur-Nammu.
		About 75 percent of the Laws of Eshnunna reappear without much change in the Code of Hammurabi—evidence that the later compiler knew the earlier code.
		The Middle Assyrian Laws were first inscribed between 1400 and 1100 B.C. The Deutsche Orientgesellschaft conducted an excavation of ancient Ashur northwest of Eshnunna on the Tigris River between 1903 and 1914.
	www.signaturebookslibrary.org /old/chapter1.htm (4603 words)

	Holman Bible Dictionary on StudyLight.org
		Despite an uneasy truce with Assyria and Eshnunna, Hammurabi spent the middle twenty years of his reign preoccupied with local affairs.
		Some of the cases are similar to the law codes of Lipit-Ishtar of Isin, Eshnunna, and the Hebrew laws.
		A particular genre of Ancient Near Eastern literature is known as the “law code.” Nine separately identifiable law codes are known to have existed in the Old Testament era.
	www.studylight.org /dic/hbd/print.cgi?number=T2498 (1841 words)

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