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| | THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 1, Ch. 2, Malnutrition |
 | | EFAs are needed for many physiologic processes, including maintaining the integrity of the skin and the structure of cell membranes and synthesizing prostaglandins and leukotrienes. |
 | | A single case of linolenic acid deficiency, characterized by peripheral neuropathy and blurred vision, was reported in a 6-yr-old girl with short-bowel syndrome after 9 mo on an IV lipid preparation containing 77 g of linoleate and only 0.1 g of linolenic acid/L. The symptoms and signs were corrected by linolenic acid supplementation. |
 | | Early in EFA deficiency, plasma levels of linoleic and arachidonic acids are low, and 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid, an abnormal by-product of oleic acid desaturation, is present. |
| www.merck.com /mrkshared/mmanual/section1/chapter2/2e.jsp (392 words) |
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