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Topic: Estonian language

	Estonian_language information. LANGUAGE SCHOOL EXPLORER
		Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Finno-Ugric languages.
		Estonian is thus closely related to Finnish, spoken on the other side of the Gulf of Finland, and is one of the few languages of Europe that is not Indo-European.
		The Estonian dialects are divided into two groups - the northern and southern dialects, usually associated with the cities of Tallinn in the north and Tartu in the south, in addition to a distinct kirderanniku dialect, that of the northeastern coast of Estonia.
	language.school-explorer.com /Estonian (2379 words)

	Estonian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Finno-Ugric languages.
		Estonian is thus related to Finnish, spoken on the other side of the Gulf of Finland, and more distantly to the Hungarian language of the Ugric branch.
		Despite some minor overlaps in the vocabulary, in terms of its origin, the Estonian language is not related to its nearest western neighbour, Swedish, nor to its southern neighbour, Latvian, nor to its eastern neighbour, Russian, which are all Indo-European languages.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Estonian_language (1426 words)

	Estonian
		Estonian is spoken by 1.1 million people, mostly in the Republic of Estonia with small pockets of speakers in Australia, Canada, Finland, Latvia, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom, and USA (Ethnologue).
		The direct object in Estonian is expressed by the nominative, genitive or partitive, in the singular, and by the nominative or the partitive in the plural.
		Estonian is considered to be a category II language in terms of difficulty for English speakers.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/march/Estonian.html (793 words)

	the estonian language
		Along with Icelandic, Estonian is at present one of the smallest languages in the world that fulfils all the functions necessary for an independent state to 'perform' linguistically.
		The first doctor of the Finno-Ugric languages of Estonian origin was Mihkel Veske who did research into the history of the Estonian language in the 1870s; the Estonian Writers' Union, established in 1871, undertook the task of standardising the common language.
		In 1919, a professorship of the Estonian language was established at the University of Tartu where Estonian became the language of study in the same year.
	www.einst.ee /publications/language/language.html (906 words)

	Estonian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Estonian language (eesti keel) is spoken by about 1.1 million people, of which the great majority live in the Republic of Estonia.
		Estonian is not related to its southern neighbor Latvian, which is a Baltic language related to Lithuanian.
		Modern Estonian orthography is based on the Newer Orthography created by in the second half of the 19th century based on Finnish Orthography.
	www.lagunaniguel.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Estonian_language (673 words)

	Estonian language search marketing
		Estonian is most closely related to Finnish - rather than to its Baltic state neighbours - Latvia and Lithuania.
		This means it's one of a small group of languages known as the Finno-Ugric group which are unusual in that they are not connected to other Indo-European tongues - linguists regard it as an interesting language historically.
		Inevitably, as it is an unusual language and part of a small group, Estonian has complex issues to deal with - including inflection or cases which tend to have a significant impact on search engines.
	www.webcertain.com /estonian-language.html (448 words)

	HM -> Language work >Estonian Language outside Estonia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In addition to shaping the language policy of Estonia, the Language Division is engaged in issues of teaching Estonian as a native language and a second language and teaching foreign languages and introducing the Estonian language and culture outside Estonia.
		Estonian is taught in 36 higher education schools of 16 countries either as a separate major or minor for Finno-Ugric philologists, students of Baltic studies programmes, etc. The longest tradition of theaching Estonian is in Finnish, Swedish and Hungarian universities - teaching Estonian began there over 100 years ago.
		Estonian is taught to children in 11 countries and in nearly 30 institutions (schools, inservice or Sunday schools, courses).
	www.hm.ee /uus/hm/client/index.php?135262301328241044 (714 words)

	Välisministeerium : Estonian Language and Culture Abroad (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Estonian is taught at the following universities: Georg-August-University in Göttingen, Hamburg University, University of Kiel, the University of Mainz, the University of Munich, the Westfälische Wilhelms-University and the Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University.
		Estonian is taught at the University of Vilnius.
		Estonian is taught at the University of Latvia.
	www.vm.ee /est/kat_174/408.html (2628 words)

	Estonia : Estonian Language (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The first periodical in the Estonian language which was of general interest was the Lühike Õpetus, a weekly which first appeared in 1766.
		Estonian was thought of as a powerful means of communication on its own, as a way of achieving a better education and the nation's own cultural space.
		Estonians thus could distract the attention of both the Baltic Germans and the Russian authorities by means of their “secret” language and gradually attained a position of strength - until independence was achieved in 1918.
	www.estemb.se /lang_4/rub_744/rub2_749/rubviide_511 (678 words)

	Learn Estonian Language - Free Conversational Estonian Lessons Online - Common Estonian Words and Phrases (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Phrasebase drastically simplifies the language learning process by prioritizing the various components of learning and focusing your study efforts on the areas of greatest importance.
		The key is to immerse yourself in the language and use it as often as possible in order to build up your skills of speaking it and listening to it, understanding and comprehending it...
		Estonian Language Exchange Pen-Pals - Community of people from around the world interested in teaching you their language and sharing their culture with you.
	www.phrasebase.com /learn/estonian.php (1866 words)

	Estonian language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Estonian is an Finno-Ugric language closely related to Finnish spoken by about 1.1 million people in Estonia.
		Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann published the comprehensive Estonian-German dictionary in 1869, and a grammar describing the Estonian language in 1875.
		Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, Komi, Livonian, Saami, Võro, Votic
	www.omniglot.com /writing/estonian.htm (212 words)

	Language
		Estonian is not a widely spoken language, as regards the number of speakers who use it as their mother tongue.
		Estonian is the official language of the Republic of Estonia.
		Neither the scientific study of Estonian, nor the use of Estonian in most of the spheres of public life including higher education, were prohibited by the Soviet authorities, and this enabled Estonians and their language to survive both Russification and colonialisation.
	www.esis.ee /ist2000/einst/culture/language.htm (1830 words)

	Estonian language cop as busy as ever
		The work of the Language Inspectorate is usually seen in the control of workers' language proficiency -this is, of course, important, but it is not the [inspectorate's] only task.
		We only control the language of documents in state institutions and local municipalities because there are no such rules for the private sector.
		If it is absorbed into the official language and used in situations when one must speak formal language, like when a young person does not understand and he or she must switch to the other style, this is wrong.
	www.baltictimes.com /news/articles/10019 (1023 words)

	ipedia.com: Estonian language Article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Estonian language is spoken by about 1.101 million people, of which the great majority live in the Republic of Estonia.
		Estonian does not, as many believe, have any language-family relationship to its nearest geographic neighbors, the Baltic languages Latvian and Lithuanian, but is related to Finnish, spoken on the other side of the Gulf of Finland, and Hungarian.
		It is not true, however, that the northern dialects of Estonian are sufficiently similar to Finnish for the two to be mutually intelligible.
	www.ipedia.com /estonian_language.html (486 words)

	U.S.ENGLISH Foundation Official Language Research - Estonia: Language issues
		Estonian language learning should be motivated through a wide variety of social needs and programs.
		According to the Estonian law it is possible for municipalities to make a request to use Russian as their administrative language in parallel with Estonian if more than 50 percent of the local population are Russian-speakers.
		The Constitution (Article 52) and the Law on Language (Article 11) foresee the possibility to use a minority language as the second official language in local self-governments where the majority of permanent residents are non-Estonian speakers.
	www.us-english.org /foundation/research/olp/viewResearch.asp?CID=61&TID=3 (2959 words)

	Estonica : Society : Development and status of the Estonian language
		The relations between languages can often be seen from the similarities in numeric systems.
		Estonian is used in the army, in the theatre, aviation, journalism — in all walks of life.
		At present, research is done into Estonian language matters at the Institute of the Estonian Language in Tallinn, at the University of Tartu, at the Tallinn Pedagogical University, the Estonian Institute of Humanities, and at various research institutions all over the world.
	www.estonica.org /eng/lugu.html?menyy_id=61&kateg=38&alam=44 (603 words)

	Estonian translation by Estonian translator - Immigration documents
		Estonian Language Enriched by: Estonian is influenced by Low and High German, Swedish, and Russian.
		Estonian language was the most powerful tie to keep Estonian identity during Soviet regime.
		Estonian language is included in the Speech Assessment Methods Phonetic Alphabet (SAMPA) which is a computer-readable phonetic script using 7-bit printable ASCII characters based on the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).
	www.online-languagetranslators.com /estonian.htm (803 words)

	Speak Estonian!
		Estonian is certainly not considered to be an easy language to learn for English-speakers.
		Estonian, with its exotic vowel-rich words and almost song-like intonation, is arguably one of the world's most beautiful-sounding languages.
		Estonians are enormously appreciative of any attempts by foreigners to speak their language, which makes practising what you've learnt a particular pleasure.
	www.speakestonian.co.uk (321 words)

	History
		The Estonian spoken today is very different from the language of the first settlers, but the roots are the same.
		Estonian is one of the smallest languages in the world, along with Icelandic, to linguistically fulfill all the tasks of a modern, independent state.
		The vowel-consonant rate in Estonian is 45 to 55, and the language boasts the world record for the most consecutively repeated vowel in a word.
	www.internationalspecialreports.com /europe/01/estonia/history (476 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		New TV Series to Teach Russians Estonian The Baltic Times July 10, 2003 Television drama has become the latest means by which Estonia's leadership hopes to woo its Russian speaking residents into improving their Estonian language skills.
		Starring local Estonian and Russian speaking celebrities, the 20 part drama series with educational undertones, will be broadcast on the Estonian national television station ETV in November this year.
		Every month 500 people sit the Estonian language exam, for which students are reimbursed 50 percent of their study expenses if they pass.
	www.asu.edu /educ/epsl/LPRU/newsarchive/Art2569.txt (758 words)

	Learn Estonian Online - Write or Speak in Estonian Language Exchange
		A language exchange complements other forms of learning such as classroom, cultural immersion and multimedia, because you get to practice all that you have learned with native speakers in a safe and supportive environment.
		Language exchange learning is also inexpensive because we provide free tips and conversation lesson plans that allow you to do a language exchange on your own.
		Add your profile to the language exchange community and let others contact you to for language exchange learning.
	www.mylanguageexchange.com /Learn/Estonian.asp (994 words)

	keeleinspektsioon
		At the end of 1990, the Estonian Language Centre, which dealt with the issues of teaching Estonian to adults, was brought under the control of the Language Board.
		The Estonian Language Centre, with its independent budget, was reorganized on December 2, 1991 as the Language Board’s teaching and methodology department, and this operated for 4 months before restoring its previous status under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education in April 1992.
		According to its bylaws, the Language Inspectorate is a governmental institution under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education, which carries out state supervision and applies state authority as foreseen by the law.
	www.keeleinsp.ee /index.php3?lng=1 (531 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:EST
		The following is the entry for this language as it appeared in the 14th edition (2000).
		Dialects are grouped into three: Northeastern Coastal Estonian (between Tallinn and Narva), North Estonian (island, western, central, and eastern dialects), and South Estonian (Mulgi, Tartu, Vôru).
		Estonian has remained the language of education, including universities.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=EST (233 words)

	Estonian Language Studies: Language Schools, International Language Study Programs from GoAbroad.com
		The main objective of the course is to give or mprove basic knowledge of the Estonian language, to improve oral and written language skills and to get familiar with Estonian culture.
		International Language Services was established in 1998 and since then has become established as the leading private language training company in the country.
		The Centre for Language and Speech is one of the most important university language centers in Belgium with about 1600 students every year.
	www.languageschoolsguide.com /listings.cfm?fkForeignLang=40 (364 words)

	Estonian Language \| Tallinn Language Schools
		Unlike most European languages, which evolved from 'Indo-European', Estonian belongs instead to the Finno-Ugric branch of languages - making it most similar to the Finnish and Hungarian dialects, and not to Russian as many people assume.
		Estonian uses the Latin alphabet minus c, f, x, and y and with the addition of a few extra letters, created with the help of some sinister-looking dots and squiqqles.
		Knowing a few random words in Estonian may not help you talk intelligently on any number of topics, but it can give you a sense of satisfaction that at least you're not the most ignorant tourist out there.
	www.tallinn-life.com /language/language.php (384 words)

	EAEA - Russian language in Estonian education
		According to the Minister, the government plans to switch 60% of Russian-medium schooling (in the 10th and 12th grades) into the Estonian language.
		But, unlike Latvia, Estonian local authorities have the right to apply to central government to exclude those schools not ready for reform from the process.
		Maimets stressed that the deadline for Estonian school reform is not fixed adding that local authorities can keep Russian-medium education in certain schools if it is necessary.
	www.eaea.org /news.php?k=4738&aid=4738 (351 words)

	Estonian Children's Books, Estonian Dictionary, Estonian Fiction, Estonian Fonts, Estonian General Office, Estonian ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Estonian is the native language of the Republic of Estonia, where it is spoken by about one million people, or two-thirds of the total population.
		Estonian is one of the Finno-Ugric languages, which constitute a branch of the Uralic language family.
		The two languages are sufficiently similar to be mutually intelligible, at least for those Estonians who speak the dialect of the north.
	www.worldlanguage.com /Languages/Estonian.htm (219 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		There will be Russian-language education even after 2007 when Russian-language gymnasiums are due to start to change over to Estonian, the (ruling) Union for the Republic Res Publica promised in a resolution adopted at its general meeting on Saturday (18 September).
		In line with the law, the changeover to Estonian will take place in state and municipal gymnasiums no later than in the 2007-08 academic year.
		What we want to tell people is that in a situation where there is a widespread shortage of teachers capable of teaching in two languages we will not call for compliance with the law just for the sake of compliance," he said.
	www.asu.edu /educ/epsl/LPRU/newsarchive/Art4604.txt (519 words)

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