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Topic: Ethicists

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	Ethicist - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An ethicist is one whose judgement on ethics and ethical codes has come to be trusted by some community, and (importantly) is expressed in some way that makes it possible for others to mimic or approximate that judgement.
		Following the advice of ethicists is one means of acquiring knowledge (see argument from authority).
		The term jurist describes an ethicist whose judgement on law becomes part of a legal code, or otherwise has force of law.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ethicist (305 words)

	Ethicists ask scientists to ponder research consequences: 1/00
		For their part, the ethicists concluded that even if the research progressed to the point where scientists could design new organisms, there was no religious or ethical reason for automatically banning the work.
		That would have important ramifications, the ethicists wrote, because any definition of life is bound to get entangled in the longstanding debate over abortion, as well as in newer disputes over the use of embryonic stem cells and genetically engineered organisms.
		Cho said the ethicists are far from finished and plan further discussions to refine and expand their conclusions.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/news/report/news/2000/january12/ethics-112.html (978 words)

	Ethicists Divided Over Human Embryo Research
		For most ethicists, he says, "this is not a particularly troubling question." That's because such cells lack the ability to produce a living human embryo, he says.
		But ethicists disagreed about whether it was acceptable to destroy a living human embryo, even one with just a handful of cells, in order to create new cells, says Mark Frankel, PhD, of AAAS, who presented the AAAS panel recommendations.
		Not all ethicists agree on how stem cells should be obtained or used and whether the government should fund this type of research.
	my.webmd.com /content/Article/21/1728_55182.htm (630 words)

	20th WCP: International Development Ethics
		Seventh, most development ethicists believe their enterprise should be international in the triple sense that the ethicists engaged in it come from many nations, including poor ones; that they are seeking to forge an international consensus; and that this consensus emphasizes a commitment to alleviating worldwide deprivation.
		Some argue that development ethicists should criticize human deprivation wherever it exists and that rich countries, since they too have problems of poverty, powerlessness, and alienation, are 'underdeveloped' and, hence, fall properly within the scope of development ethics.
		Capabilities ethicists defend governmental responsibility to enable everyone to be able to advance to a level of sufficiency with respect to the valuable functionings.
	www.bu.edu /wcp/Papers/OApp/OAppCroc.htm (2711 words)

	[No title]
		Ideal Standards v Practice Norms Physicians and ethicists, on average, responded similarly to 18 of 23 statements, leading the authors to conclude that “team physicians show a high degree of moral reasoning.” This comes as little surprise; as with all medical professionals, team physicians must possess and exercise the capacity for good moral judgment.
		Team physicians, though not ethicists, generally agreed that they had an obligation to minimize risk to athletes by attending at dangerous sporting events including boxing and that their participation under such circumstances should not be taken as approval or endorsement of the sports, per se.
		Bernstein and colleagues used this burgeoning practice as the basis for a case scenario, in response to which both ethicists and physicians agreed that “the purchase of the title team physician is ethically dubious and potentially misleading.
	www.ama-assn.org /ama1/pub/upload/mm/384/jdisc1_green_ro_0704.doc (1676 words)

	2002_04 \| Where Do No Harm Meets The Right Thing To Do
		Ethicists employed by pharmaceutical companies and corporations working on cloning techniques have been publicly criticized by their colleagues for lending their "seal of approval" to morally controversial practices, Fleck, Sabin, and others in the field point out.
		Medical ethicists have been working alongside employers, managed care executives, physicians, and consumer groups to develop a statement of ethical managed care principles to be distributed by the American College of Physicians and the American Society of Internal Medicine later this year.
		The reason ethicists were involved in the creation of the statement, Sulmasy says, is that the project was not simply a negotiation in which compromises could be agreed on.
	www.managedcaremag.com /archives/0204/0204.ethicistdemand.html (2871 words)

	Thinking Through the Ethics of Cloning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		One of the roles of the ethicist, or moral philosopher, is to consider all aspects of an issue; consequences and circumstances, purposes and possibilities.
		Doctors act as major ethicists in our culture, telling us daily on TV and in the newspapers how to live, how to die, how to raise children, what to eat, and on, and on.
		Vatican ethicists have already taken a strong stand against cloning thereby continuing a sad history of negative overreaction to scientific discovery.
	www.uchile.cl /bioetica/doc/think.htm (2426 words)

	What do ethicists say? \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Ethicists say it's crucial that the donors are fully informed about the intended research when they give their consent.
		Ethicists agree that the state ought to share in future rewards.
		One of the advisory groups to this governing board is supposed to have four medical ethicists on it to make recommendations about standards.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20041216/news_lz1c16ethics.html (1477 words)

	AMA (Virtual Mentor) Journal Discussion
		Physicians and ethicists, on average, responded similarly to 18 of 23 statements, leading the authors to conclude that “team physicians show a high degree of moral reasoning.” This comes as little surprise; as with all medical professionals, team physicians must possess and exercise the capacity for good moral judgment.
		Bernstein and colleagues used this burgeoning practice as the basis for a case scenario, in response to which both ethicists and physicians agreed that “the purchase of the title team physician is ethically dubious and potentially misleading.
		Yet, in this study, while ethicists agreed that team doctors who purchase their job titles are obligated to disclose that fact to mitigate the potential for deception, physicians showed no clear consensus either way.
	www.ama-assn.org /ama/pub/category/print/12616.html (1560 words)

	THE STEM CELL DECISION / RELIGION / Bush's decision doesn't end debate / Ethicists, religious leaders unhappy with his ...
		And while the president invited ethicists to come together on a new panel to study the issue, it seems unlikely that this complex, convoluted conversation will result in a new moral consensus.
		As the president himself pointed out last night in a speech to the nation, ethicists from different religious organizations can't seem to agree as to whether embryonic stem cell research is a noble pursuit.
		The president's balanced speech presented the argument made by many pro- research ethicists, who point out that laboratory blastocysts would be discarded anyway, and using them for research could lead to cures for a variety of fatal and debilitating illnesses.
	www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2001/08/10/MN4161.DTL&type=printable (783 words)

	Baptist ethicists across the board denounce human cloning
		Scientists and ethicists cautioned that the announcement may be a hoax; similar announcements of cloned humans in the past have proved false.
		And ethicist David Gushee of Baptist-related Union University in Jackson, Tenn., said the news means delays over illegalizing human cloning in the world's legislatures may have had disastrous consequences.
		While many anti-abortion activists have opposed stem-cell research on these grounds, other religious ethicists have opposed it on the grounds that it would be difficult to outlaw reproductive cloning without also outlawing all other forms of cloning.
	www.baptiststandard.com /2003/1_6/print/cloning.html (591 words)

	CNN - Ethicists, doctors debate multiple births - December 22, 1998
		As the mother of the world's first known set of surviving octuplets was moved out of intensive care Tuesday, doctors and ethicists are raising more and more questions about the increase in multiple births.
		The mother of the octuplets, Nkem Chukwu, is in stable condition at Houston's St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital after undergoing surgery Monday to stop internal bleeding.
		Ethicists say being pregnant with so many babies forces women to make difficult moral and ethical decisions.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/9812/22/reproductive.ethics (512 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Clinical education of ethicists: the role of a clinical ethics fellowship
		The fellows observed that clinical ethicists who modeled humility recognized that their role was neither that of judge nor moral expert, but as a member of the team who was able to engage in a collegial process of deliberation and ethical decision-making.
		Fellows observed ethicists maintaining an attitude of respect toward the opinions of all concerned parties; they ensured that each individual's voice was heard and his or her perspective considered.
		Although other educational models for clinical ethicists exist, a clinical ethics fellowship that is applicable to individuals from a variety of backgrounds (i.e., not limited to clinicians or philosophers only) appears to be a viable educational option and one that ought to be further developed and more formally evaluated.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1472-6939/5/6 (5540 words)

	USATODAY.com - Ethicists: Guidelines needed for rough living donor cases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		CHICAGO (AP) — Medical ethicists are warning that guidelines are needed to cover instances in which family members want to take organs for transplant from living but comatose relatives who never gave consent.
		The article accompanies a report from doctors in Los Angeles about a young firefighter who recently suffered sudden, severe bleeding in his brain and lapsed into a coma from which he was not expected to recover.
		NIH ethicists David Wendler and Dr. Ezekiel Emanuel said that allowing family members to decide whether to take organs from a living but incapacitated relative should be discouraged and should be permitted only for patients who are in a persistent vegetative state.
	www.usatoday.com /news/health/2004-02-10-living-donors_x.htm (687 words)

	Clinical Ethicists
		Daniel Sokol says that there should be an army of clinical ethicists in UK hospitals in To live and let die.
		Armed with bleepers and degrees in bioethics, ethicists can be called upon at any time both by medical staff and patients.
		While the clinical ethicist has no claim to greater virtue than others, his or her task is to assist in the resolution of moral problems that any doctor, nurse or patient might have.
	www.anoasis.co.uk /archives/000281.html (197 words)

	Frankenstein's Minister - Ethicists fiddle while biotechnology remakes human beings. By William Saletan
		The ethicists who testified at the hearing were obtuse to this conundrum.
		Ethicists also have trouble recognizing the new issues because they're trained to look for moral problems in technology's costs, not in its benefits.
		Arthur Caplan, the only ethicist at the hearing who betrayed any awareness of the new issues, focused instead on the morality of "trade-offs." "We should seek to achieve the most good or benefit, with the least harm and destruction of things that we value," he argued.
	www.slate.com /id/10137 (1237 words)

	The Ethicist's New Clothes By William Saletan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Critics of the biotech industry have enlisted independent ethicists to accuse the industry's ethicists of bias.
		Ethicists outside the industry complain that those who advise ACT and other biotechnology companies are unlicensed, unrepresentative, anonymous, and possibly corrupted by the fees they receive.
		In his speech to the nation last week, President Bush said it was moral for the government to fund research on stem cells derived from embryos that had been destroyed for that purpose.
	slate.msn.com /?id=113959& (2306 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Society's Choices: Social and Ethical Decision Making in Biomedicine (1995)
		The place of lawyers and ethicists on the IEC has been debated, however, and many hospitals have no opportunity to include experienced professionals in health law or clinical ethics in their committees.
		Some handbooks written by clinical ethicists concede that there is no need for a staff ethicist on many IECs, but note that committees should attempt to include professional ethicists among their educational speakers (22; 23).
		Ethicists themselves are far from agreed on whether clinical ethics consultation is a profession, and if so what level of education, training, and expertise should be expected of its members.
	www.nap.edu /books/0309051320/html/423.html (848 words)

	Cal Thomas -- Ethicists Abandon Sacred Standard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		It has also produced a debate among "medical ethicists," some of whom argue that Bobbi McCaughey should have aborted (euphemistically a "fetal reduction") in order to limit the risk to the babies and reduce the cost to the taxpayers of giving birth to so many children.
		Where the ethical line is drawn, and whether it is drawn with indelible or disappearing ink, is relevant to what the medical profession will be allowed to do to the rest of us in the future.
		On the eve of the 25th anniversary of Roe vs. Wade, we are regressing to a raw, purely arbitrary utilitarianism increasingly hostile to the notion that life is sacred and unique.
	www.euthanasia.com /death.html (621 words)

	Boston.com / News / Local / Substitute blood trial worries ethicists
		Boston paramedics could begin giving severely injured patients an experimental blood substitute without their consent this summer, as part of a national effort to improve the survival chances of victims of car accidents, gunshot wounds, and other injuries that cause profuse bleeding.
		Because severely injured patients are usually either in shock or unconscious, the small Illinois company that makes PolyHeme has received a waiver from the federal rule requiring that people give their consent to the experiment, which could be carried out at up to 20 hospitals nationwide.
		That sets off alarm bells among some medical ethicists, who fear patients being used unwittingly for research at the expense of their best interests.
	www.boston.com /news/local/articles/2004/02/21/substitute_blood_trial_worries_ethicists (887 words)

	MORAL MATTERS: Ethicists: Rules dissolve in such a struggle for survival (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Ethicists and social psychologists said in interviews that rules of human behavior -- including respect for others' property and for social order itself -- dissolve quickly in desperate circumstances like the storm's aftermath.
		Jan Boxill, associate director of the Parr Center for Ethics at the University of North Carolina, draws a clear line: Looting on its face is wrong because it's stealing.
		But she said New Orleans appears to have regressed into what ethicists call the state of nature -- an atmosphere without rules or infrastructure, where the needs are so great that anything goes.
	www.freep.com /news/nw/kloot2e_20050902.htm (463 words)

	IDB - ETHICS AND DEVELOPMENT / Crocker, David - "Development ethics"
		Development ethicists do not yet agree on whether their ethical reflection should extend to destitution in rich countries or aspects of North-South relations apart from development aid.
		Fifth, these ethicists are aware that what is frequently called "development"--for instance, economic growth--has created as many problems as it has solved.
		Both sides agree that development ethicists should assess various kinds of North-South (and South-South) relations with respect to their effects in reducing economic and political inequality in poor countries.
	www.iadb.org /etica/documentos/dc_cro_etica-i.htm (3046 words)

	Annual Gatherings of Lutheran Ethicists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Beginning in 1992, Lutheran ethicists during the last decade have developed a tradition of meeting annually.
		Each January around 30 to 40 professors in seminaries and colleges, retired professors, graduate students, DCS Studies Department staff, and others gather to talk about mutually agreed upon topics related to Christian ethics and the church's presence in society.
		The next gathering of Lutheran ethicists will be held in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, January 8 to January 10.
	www.elca.org /dcs/le.gathering.html (540 words)

	The Emory Wheel - CDC contracts Emory ethicists to help decide who gets flu shots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has hired four ethicists, including Emory Center for Ethics Associate Director Kathleen Kinlaw, to aid in the development guidelines to determine who should and should not be given the flu vaccine in light of the recent shortage.
		Though the CDC will make the ultimate decision, the ethicists will discuss whether or not there are any ethical “lessons that can be applied to this practical question,” said Kinlaw, who is also the director of the Center for Ethics’ program in health science ethics.
		The ethicists’ task is marked by “urgency,” she said.
	www.emorywheel.com /vnews/display.v/ART/2004/11/02/4186a78a28fe3 (518 words)

	RN.com — Nursing Jobs, Continuing Education, Travel Nursing Resources
		It is the goal of the ethicists to help determine which among these groups is at the highest risk.
		In order to make their recommendations, the ethicists will consider issues such as allocation, equity and fairness, efficient use of resources and the medical benefit to the community.
		After the ethicists offer their recommendations, it is up to the CDC to decide how to proceed, as well as determine the long-term need for ethical guidance.
	w3.rn.com /news_news.asp?articleID=13104 (366 words)

	Ethicists: Sisters knew risk of fatal separation surgery - 07/09/03
		Laleh and Ladan Bijani were in the national spotlight in Iran, especially in their hometown of Tehran, where two children look inside the family's gate.
		However, several ethicists said it appears the doctors who performed the failed surgery in Singapore acted ethically by assembling a competent team, taking reasonable chances and making sure the patients knew they might die.
		Ethicists cited these important factors in the Singapore case:
	www.detnews.com /2003/health/0307/10/a04-213426.htm (759 words)

	AEGiS-SC: Baboon liver patient had AIDS virus: Ethicists criticize choice of candidate for experimental transplant
		Some medical ethicists criticized the decision to use a person infected with the virus, saying such patients might be more willing to risk dangerous treatment.
		The man, whose name has been withheld, was selected for the transplant even though University of Pittsburgh Medical Center doctors knew he was infected with the virus, said Dr. Richard Cohen, chairman of the panel that approved the operation.
		Some medical ethicists said the man should have been ruled out as a candidate because of the infection.
	www.aegis.com /news/sc/1992/SC920902.html (758 words)

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